2013-2017年蒲江县乙类传染病流行特征分析
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摘要
目的了解蒲江县乙类传染病的流行特征。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对2013-2017年蒲江县网络报告的乙类传染病数据进行统计分析。结果 2013-2017年蒲江县报告乙类传染病14种1 697例,死亡52例(51例艾滋病),年均发病率139. 51/10万、病死率3. 06%;发病率2013年最高(154. 78/10万),2017年最低(117. 51/10万);前5位传染病肺结核(505例)、梅毒(407例)、乙肝(258例)、艾滋病(224例)、淋病(165例)占总数91. 87%;男女比为1. 65∶1;农民占62. 76%; 0～岁、10～岁、20～岁、30～岁、40～岁、50～岁和60～岁组构成分别为2. 24%、3. 89%、16. 85%、14. 14%、18. 15%、14. 50%和30. 23%; 60岁以上老年人肺结核、艾滋病分别占所在病例42. 38%和52. 68%。结论 2013-2017年蒲江县乙类传染病发病平稳略有下降,病例以农民为主,肺结核发病居高不下,艾滋病对人群健康构成严重威胁,60岁及以上组发病居首位,呈逐年上升趋势。今后蒲江县乙类传染病防治应加强以农村60岁及以上老年人为重点人群,以肺结核、艾滋病为重点传染病的防控,防止结核菌/艾滋病病毒双重感染病例的发生。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of class B infectious diseases in Pujiang county.Methods Using descriptive epidemiological methods,the data of network-reported class B infectious diseases from 2013 to 2017 in Pujiang county were analyzed. Results During 2013-2017,a total of 1 697 cases of class B infectious diseases in 14 categories were reported in Pujiang Country,including 52 deaths( 51 deaths due to AIDS); the average annual incidence rate was 139. 51/105,and the fatality rate was 3. 06%. The incidence was the highest in 2013( 154. 78/105) and the lowest in 2017( 117. 51/105); the top five infectious disease s were pulmonary tuberculosis( 505 cases),syphilis( 407 cases),hepatitis B( 258 cases),AIDS( 224 cases)and gonorrhea( 165 cases),accounting for 91. 87% of the total; the male-to-female ratio was 1. 65 ∶1;peasants accounted for 62. 76% of the total; patients aged 0-years,10-years,20-years,30-years,40-years,50-years and 60-years accounted for 2. 24%,3. 89%,16. 85% 14. 14%,18. 15%,14. 50% and30. 23%,respectively; aged people above 60 years accounted for 42. 38% and 52. 68% of pulmonary tuberculosis and AIDS cases,respectively. Conclusion During the 2013-2017 period,the incidence of class B infectious diseases in Pujiang county declined slightly,the patients were mainly peasants, and the incidence of tuberculosis was high. AIDS was a serious threat to the health of the population. The incidence in people aged more than 60 years was the highest and increased year by year. In the future,the prevention and control of class B infectious diseases in Pujiang county should be strengthened in people more than 60 years of age in rural areas,and the prevention and control should focus on tuberculosis and AIDS to prevent the occurrence of TB/AIDS virus dual-infection cases.
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of class B infectious diseases in Pujiang county.Methods Using descriptive epidemiological methods,the data of network-reported class B infectious diseases from 2013 to 2017 in Pujiang county were analyzed. Results During 2013-2017,a total of 1 697 cases of class B infectious diseases in 14 categories were reported in Pujiang Country,including 52 deaths( 51 deaths due to AIDS); the average annual incidence rate was 139. 51/105,and the fatality rate was 3. 06%. The incidence was the highest in 2013( 154. 78/105) and the lowest in 2017( 117. 51/105); the top five infectious disease s were pulmonary tuberculosis( 505 cases),syphilis( 407 cases),hepatitis B( 258 cases),AIDS( 224 cases)and gonorrhea( 165 cases),accounting for 91. 87% of the total; the male-to-female ratio was 1. 65 ∶1;peasants accounted for 62. 76% of the total; patients aged 0-years,10-years,20-years,30-years,40-years,50-years and 60-years accounted for 2. 24%,3. 89%,16. 85% 14. 14%,18. 15%,14. 50% and30. 23%,respectively; aged people above 60 years accounted for 42. 38% and 52. 68% of pulmonary tuberculosis and AIDS cases,respectively. Conclusion During the 2013-2017 period,the incidence of class B infectious diseases in Pujiang county declined slightly,the patients were mainly peasants, and the incidence of tuberculosis was high. AIDS was a serious threat to the health of the population. The incidence in people aged more than 60 years was the highest and increased year by year. In the future,the prevention and control of class B infectious diseases in Pujiang county should be strengthened in people more than 60 years of age in rural areas,and the prevention and control should focus on tuberculosis and AIDS to prevent the occurrence of TB/AIDS virus dual-infection cases.
引文
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[2]何治明,2006-2015年巴中市结核病流行特征分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2017,33(7):676-680.
[3]高建华,黄若刚.北京市2010-2015年法定传染病流行特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(6):836-840.
[4]唐嘉,黄宝杨,张明.柳州市结核病“三位一体”防治模式实施效果分析[J].职业与健康,2016,32(24):3378-3381.
[5]鹿茸,施雅莹,段振华. 2010-2014年成都市50岁及以上男性艾滋病疫情分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2016,32(11):1137-1139.
[6]孙敏,张冉,卢秀琼.成都市金牛区2014年艾滋病疫情分析[J].现代预防医学,2015,31(13):1955-1958.
[7]全国第五次结核病流行病学抽样调查技术指导组,全国第五次结核病流行病学抽样调查办公室. 2010年全国第五次结核病流行病学抽样调查报告[J].中国防痨杂志,2012,34(8):485-507.
[8]张玉,叶建君,杨成凤,等,2006-2015年湖北省老年肺结核疫情特征及变化趋势分析[J].中国防痨杂志,2017,39(2):213-216.
[9]周琳,陈松华,张钰,等.2005-2014年浙江省老年肺结核病流行病学特征分析[J].疾病监测,2016,31(8):647-650.
[10]韩宁,张树才,赵艳.老年人肺结核90例临床影像分析[J].母婴世界,2017(5):387-388.
[11]黄俊榕,尉理梁.艾滋病合并肺结核的临床研究[J].河北医学,2015(3):410-411.
[12]孟思润,吴锋耀,陈萧,等.广西艾滋病合并结核病双重感染情况及其影响因素分析[J].中国临床医学,2017,10(4):299-302.