二次再热锅炉再热器调温方式选择研究
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摘要
针对投产二次再热机组锅炉再热汽温普遍低于设计值的问题,各锅炉制造厂根据自身二次再热锅炉的炉型及燃烧特点,研发了不同的再热器调温方案。对锅炉负荷、过量空气系数、给水温度、燃料性质、受热面污染情况等因素影响蒸汽温度进行介绍分析,本文以再热系统可以采用的汽温调节方式分为烟气侧调节和蒸汽侧调节两大类进行研究分析,对比介绍了2种方式下的各种调节方案,如蒸汽侧改变蒸汽的焓值来调节汽温,比较常见的是喷水减温、蒸汽旁通、汽-汽热交换器等;烟气侧调节通过改变锅炉内辐射受热面和对流受热面的吸热比例或改变流经受热面的烟气量来调节汽温,常见的有烟气挡板、改变火焰中心位置、烟气再循环等。同时,结合国内锅炉燃烧工况、入炉煤质、投资成本等综合考虑,提出适合二次再热锅炉特点的再热器调温方案,使再热器汽温能够在规定范围内波动,与设计值相差不大,再热器汽温偏低问题基本得到解决。
In view of the problem that the reheating steam temperature of the boiler of the double-reheat units in production is generally lower than the designed value,all boiler manufacturing plants have developed different reheater temperature regulation schemes according to the furnace type and combustion characteristics of their own double-reheat boilerS. The factors affecting steam temperature,such as boiler load,excess air coefficient,feed water temperature,fuel properties,pollution of heating surface and so on,are introduced and analyzed. In this paper,the steam temperature regulation modes which can be used in reheat system are divided into flue gas side regulation and steam side regulation are studied and analyzed,and two kinds of regulation scheme are compared and introduced. If the steam side changes the enthalpy value of the steam to regulate the steam temperature,the more common are the water spray temperature,steam bypass,steam-steam heat exchanger,etc. Flue gas side regulation can adjust steam temperature by changing the heat absorption ratio of radiant heating surface and convection heating surface or changing the amount of flue gas passing through the heating surface,such as gas baffle,change the flame center location,gas recirculation,etc.. At the same time,taking into account the domestic boiler combustion conditions,coal quality and investment cost,a reheater temperature regulation scheme that suitable for the characteristics of the reheat boiler of double-reheat is put forward,so that the steam temperature of the reheater can fluctuate within a prescribed range,and it has subtle difference of the design value,the problem of low steam temperature of reheater is basically solved.
In view of the problem that the reheating steam temperature of the boiler of the double-reheat units in production is generally lower than the designed value,all boiler manufacturing plants have developed different reheater temperature regulation schemes according to the furnace type and combustion characteristics of their own double-reheat boilerS. The factors affecting steam temperature,such as boiler load,excess air coefficient,feed water temperature,fuel properties,pollution of heating surface and so on,are introduced and analyzed. In this paper,the steam temperature regulation modes which can be used in reheat system are divided into flue gas side regulation and steam side regulation are studied and analyzed,and two kinds of regulation scheme are compared and introduced. If the steam side changes the enthalpy value of the steam to regulate the steam temperature,the more common are the water spray temperature,steam bypass,steam-steam heat exchanger,etc. Flue gas side regulation can adjust steam temperature by changing the heat absorption ratio of radiant heating surface and convection heating surface or changing the amount of flue gas passing through the heating surface,such as gas baffle,change the flame center location,gas recirculation,etc.. At the same time,taking into account the domestic boiler combustion conditions,coal quality and investment cost,a reheater temperature regulation scheme that suitable for the characteristics of the reheat boiler of double-reheat is put forward,so that the steam temperature of the reheater can fluctuate within a prescribed range,and it has subtle difference of the design value,the problem of low steam temperature of reheater is basically solved.
引文
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[17]程小谷,徐开华.超超临界锅炉高温管道内壁氧化皮的研究进展[J].电力科技与环保,2012.
[2]张晓梅.燃煤锅炉机组[M].北京:中国计划出版社,2014.
[3]王红娟,屠珊,鲁敬妮,等.二次再热机组热经济性分析[J].热力发电,2017,46(1):7-10.
[4]殷亚宁.二次再热超超临界机组应用现状及发展[J].电站系统工程,2013(2):37-38.
[5]李红,王双童,王庆河.锅炉排烟温度高分析方法研究[J].电力科技与环保,2013.
[6]高昊天,范浩杰,董建聪,等.超超临界二次再热超超临界机组的发展[J].锅炉技术,2014,45(4):1-3.
[7]谷雅秀,王生鹏,杨寿敏,等.超超临界二次再热发电机组热经济性分析[J].热力发电,2013,42(9):7-9.
[8]崔志光,刘红权.超临界锅炉受热面管内氧化皮的防治措施研究[J].电力科技与环保,2014.
[9]赵志丹,邵德锋,王海涛,等.二次再热超超临界机组再热蒸汽温度控制策略[J].热力发电,2015,44(12):113-118.
[10]高伟,宋宝军.烟气在循环在二次再热锅炉中的应用探讨[J].电力系统工程,2015,31(3):79-82.
[11]罗韶辉,李春宏,潘国清.1000MW机组塔式锅炉再热汽温偏低的原因分析及调整[J].热力发电,2012,41(11):55-58.
[12]刘世刚,黄桥生,陈琨.1000MW超超临界机组高温再热器管弯头失效分析[J].电力科技与环保,2016.
[13]李海新.超超临界二次再热锅炉受热面布置及热力计算分析[D].保定:华北电力大学,2014:8-22.
[14]崔志光,刘红权.超临界锅炉受热面管内氧化皮的防治措施研究[J].电力科技与环保,2014.
[15]赵永明.1350MW二次再热超超临界双轴机组热力系统设计研究[D].保定:华北电力大学,2014:1-4.
[16]姚峻,李林,侯新建,等.二次再热超超临界机组控制策略的研究[J].中国电力,2016,49(10):17-21.
[17]程小谷,徐开华.超超临界锅炉高温管道内壁氧化皮的研究进展[J].电力科技与环保,2012.