2013-2016年潍坊市流感暴发疫情监测分析
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摘要
目的分析潍坊市近4年流感暴发疫情的流行特征及病原变迁规律,为今后流感疫情防控提供科学依据。方法对潍坊市2013-2016年流感暴发疫情信息资料和病原性检测结果采用描述性统计分析。结果潍坊市2013-2016年共报告82起暴发疫情; 2015年报告最多,占32.9%;报告时间集中于每年的1月份、12月份,分别占46.3%、37.8%;疫情发生场所主要集中在小学; 2015年发病人群主要集中在15岁年龄组占57.6%(151/262),2015年与2013年、2014年、2016年比较年龄分布差异有统计学意义(χ2=70.0,P<0.05);流感样病例暴发疫情的病毒亚型主要以甲型流感(新型H1N1或H3N2型)为优势毒株,乙型流感病毒(BY型或BV型)伴随发生。结论潍坊市流感暴发疫情在冬春季节高发,引发流感的优势毒株交替循环,尽早采取防控措施是降低流感暴发危害的重要措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of influenza outbreak in Weifang in recent four years and the change rule of pathogens,so as to inform control strategies in the future. Methods The data of the influenza outbreak in Weifang and the results of the pathogen detection were used descriptive statistics analysis. Results A total of 82 influenza outbreaks were reported in Weifang from 2013 to 2016; the number of influenza cases in 2015 year was the most,accounting for 32.9%; the reports of influenza cases were concentrated in January and December every year,respectively accounting for 46.3% and 37.8%; the sites of influenza cases were mainly concentrated in primary school; the age of influenza cases in 2015 year concentrated in > 15 year old group,accounting for 57.6%( 151/262),had significant statistical differences with the age of influenza cases in other three years( χ2= 70.0,P<0.05); the predominant strains were influenza A virus( noval H1N1 or H3N2),together with influenza B virus( BY and BV).Conclusion The influenza outbreaks are obviously seasonal in Weifang,and the predominant strains are alternatively occurred. Taking preventive measures as early as possible is most effective for the risk of influenza outbreaks.
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of influenza outbreak in Weifang in recent four years and the change rule of pathogens,so as to inform control strategies in the future. Methods The data of the influenza outbreak in Weifang and the results of the pathogen detection were used descriptive statistics analysis. Results A total of 82 influenza outbreaks were reported in Weifang from 2013 to 2016; the number of influenza cases in 2015 year was the most,accounting for 32.9%; the reports of influenza cases were concentrated in January and December every year,respectively accounting for 46.3% and 37.8%; the sites of influenza cases were mainly concentrated in primary school; the age of influenza cases in 2015 year concentrated in > 15 year old group,accounting for 57.6%( 151/262),had significant statistical differences with the age of influenza cases in other three years( χ2= 70.0,P<0.05); the predominant strains were influenza A virus( noval H1N1 or H3N2),together with influenza B virus( BY and BV).Conclusion The influenza outbreaks are obviously seasonal in Weifang,and the predominant strains are alternatively occurred. Taking preventive measures as early as possible is most effective for the risk of influenza outbreaks.
引文
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[6]马广源,凌霞,鲍静,等.2013年无锡市流感病毒流行特征与人群流感抗体水平分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2014(23):3450-3452.
[7]关绮华,黄祖星,杨泽锋,等.2004-2011年佛山市流感样病例暴发疫情分析[J].华南预防医学,2013,39(2):28-35.
[8] Smith S,Demicheli V. Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy children.[J]. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,2006,1(2):367-522.
[9] Petrie JG,Ohmit SE,Cowling BJ,et al. Influenza transmission in a cohort of households with children:2010-2011[J]. Plos One,2013,8(9):e75339-e75340.
[10]于秋燕,徐淑慧,常彩云,等.2009-2010年度济南市流感监测结果分析[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2011(1):49-51.
[11]李明,冯录召,曹玉,等.中国2005-2013年流感暴发疫情的流行病学特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2015,36(7):705-708.
[12]王玲,张艳,曹海霞,等.2009-2015年淄博市流感样病例暴发疫情监测分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2017,22(2):206-208.
[2] James T,Nelson M I,Zhou S Z,et al. Global influenza seasonality:reconciling patterns across temperate and tropical regions[J].Environmental Health Perspectives,2011,119(4):439-45.
[3]娄宪芝.浅谈甲型流感[J].沈阳医学院学报,2009,11(4):193-196.
[4]中华人民共和国卫生部.全国流感监测方案(2010版)[EB/OL].[2010-09-03]. http://money. 163. com/10/0910/15/6G7T5T8D00253B0H.html
[5]刘伟,高中静,姜文国,等.济宁市2009年流感样病例暴发疫情特征分析[J].中国热带医学,2011,11(2):204-205.
[6]马广源,凌霞,鲍静,等.2013年无锡市流感病毒流行特征与人群流感抗体水平分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2014(23):3450-3452.
[7]关绮华,黄祖星,杨泽锋,等.2004-2011年佛山市流感样病例暴发疫情分析[J].华南预防医学,2013,39(2):28-35.
[8] Smith S,Demicheli V. Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy children.[J]. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,2006,1(2):367-522.
[9] Petrie JG,Ohmit SE,Cowling BJ,et al. Influenza transmission in a cohort of households with children:2010-2011[J]. Plos One,2013,8(9):e75339-e75340.
[10]于秋燕,徐淑慧,常彩云,等.2009-2010年度济南市流感监测结果分析[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2011(1):49-51.
[11]李明,冯录召,曹玉,等.中国2005-2013年流感暴发疫情的流行病学特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2015,36(7):705-708.
[12]王玲,张艳,曹海霞,等.2009-2015年淄博市流感样病例暴发疫情监测分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2017,22(2):206-208.