半定量风险评估模型在己内酰胺生产企业职业健康风险评估中的应用
|
摘要
目的探索半定量风险评估模型和评估技术的可行性与适用性。方法采用职业健康风险评估技术导则的半定量风险评估模型方法,运用到宜昌市某己内酰胺生产企业工作场所的重点危害因素和关键岗位,将职业健康风险评估结果与作业分级结果进行比较分析。结果该企业10个关键岗位职业健康风险指数最低为2.82,最高为3.91,除加氢反应器外操工接触苯和硫胺结晶巡检工接触氨评估结果均为高风险外,其它8个岗位接触职业健康风险评估结果均为中等风险。萃取塔外操工和配制釜外操工作业危害分级指数分别为7.50和10.56,半定量风险评估法和作业危害分级方法的评估结果有较大差异。结论半定量风险评估模型可以用于己内酰胺生产企业职业健康风险评估,应用该模型开展职业健康风险评价预测具有较强的适用性和可操作性。
Objective To explore the feasibility and applicability of semi-quantitative risk assessment models and assessment techniques. Methods The semi-quantitative risk assessment model method of occupational health risk assessment technical guidelines was applied to the key hazard factors and key positions of a caprolactam production enterprise workplace in Yichang City, and the occupational health risk assessment results were compared with the operation classification results. Results The occupational health risk index of the 10 key positions of the enterprise was 2.82 at the lowest, and the highest was 3.91. Except for the hydrogenation reactor workers exposure to the benzene and the thiamine crystal patrol workers exposure to the ammonia, their assessment results were high risk, the results of the occupational health risk assessment of the other 8 positions were moderate. The hazard grading indexes of the work outside the extraction tower and the preparation work outside the boiler were 7.50 and 10.56, respectively, and the evaluation results of the semi-quantitative risk assessment method and the operational hazard classification method were quite different. Conclusion The semi-quantitative risk assessment model can be used for occupational health risk assessment of caprolactam production enterprises. The application of this model for occupational health risk assessment has strong applicability and operability.
Objective To explore the feasibility and applicability of semi-quantitative risk assessment models and assessment techniques. Methods The semi-quantitative risk assessment model method of occupational health risk assessment technical guidelines was applied to the key hazard factors and key positions of a caprolactam production enterprise workplace in Yichang City, and the occupational health risk assessment results were compared with the operation classification results. Results The occupational health risk index of the 10 key positions of the enterprise was 2.82 at the lowest, and the highest was 3.91. Except for the hydrogenation reactor workers exposure to the benzene and the thiamine crystal patrol workers exposure to the ammonia, their assessment results were high risk, the results of the occupational health risk assessment of the other 8 positions were moderate. The hazard grading indexes of the work outside the extraction tower and the preparation work outside the boiler were 7.50 and 10.56, respectively, and the evaluation results of the semi-quantitative risk assessment method and the operational hazard classification method were quite different. Conclusion The semi-quantitative risk assessment model can be used for occupational health risk assessment of caprolactam production enterprises. The application of this model for occupational health risk assessment has strong applicability and operability.
引文
[ 1 ] 吴宾,汉锋,张思雨,等.职业危害风险指数法在煤矿煤尘职业健康风险评估中的应用[J].中国工业医学杂志,2016,29(4):311-312.
[ 2 ] 周桂侠,宋小和,高青,等.ICMM职业健康风险评估模型在某金融机具工程项目职业病危害评价中的应用[J].职业与健康,2014,30(22):3178-3180.
[ 3 ] 冷朋波,王群利,王爱红,等.基于ICMM风险评估技术的某电镀企业职业健康风险的定量定性评估研究[J].中国卫生工程学,2016,15(6):544-549.
[ 4 ] 王爱红,冷朋波,李晓海,等.两种风险评估法在某黑色金属铸造企业职业健康风险评估中的应用[J].环境与职业医学,2017,34(10):909-913.
[ 5 ] 周珊.2011—2014年福建福鼎市合成革业二甲基甲酰胺职业危害现况[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2016,27(6):60-62.
[ 6 ] 徐兰.浅谈以肟法制己内酰胺生产过程中苯的职业病危害[J].临床医药文献电子杂志,2017,4(71):13869-13870.
[ 7 ] 崔建伟,戴猛,彭朝阳.某石化企业己内酰胺重残液与聚合浓缩液合并生产15kt/a切片项目职业病危害控制效果评价[J].职业与健康,2014,30(17):2381-2383.
[ 8 ] 马岩,于冬雪,孙玉欣.半定量风险评估法在冶金焦化企业的应用[J].工业卫生与职业病,2016,42(2):134-137.
[ 9 ] 傅红,俞爱青,张磊,等.新加坡职业暴露半定量风险评估模型在草甘膦制造行业中的应用研究[J].中国预防医学杂志,2016,17(12):916-920.
[10] 陈林,钱秀荣,赵秋妮,等.新加坡职业危害半定量风险评估法在某铅酸蓄电池企业中应用[J].中国职业医学,2018,45(1):123-125.
[11] 胥凯,王玲,朱新丽,等.石化企业长期低浓度苯接触工人血常规检测结果分析[J].中国工业医学杂志,2017,30(6):451-453.
[12] 王娟,兰亚佳.接触低浓度苯对作业工人血压影响的分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2018,34(5):688-691.
[13] 王婉群,赵运凤.长期低浓度二硫化碳职业暴露对男性生殖功能影响的Meta分析[J].中国优生与遗传杂志,2017,25(2):117-119.
[14] 陈利杰.长期低浓度混苯暴露对制漆作业工人健康的影响[J].河南医学研究,2017,26(12):2165-2166.
[ 2 ] 周桂侠,宋小和,高青,等.ICMM职业健康风险评估模型在某金融机具工程项目职业病危害评价中的应用[J].职业与健康,2014,30(22):3178-3180.
[ 3 ] 冷朋波,王群利,王爱红,等.基于ICMM风险评估技术的某电镀企业职业健康风险的定量定性评估研究[J].中国卫生工程学,2016,15(6):544-549.
[ 4 ] 王爱红,冷朋波,李晓海,等.两种风险评估法在某黑色金属铸造企业职业健康风险评估中的应用[J].环境与职业医学,2017,34(10):909-913.
[ 5 ] 周珊.2011—2014年福建福鼎市合成革业二甲基甲酰胺职业危害现况[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2016,27(6):60-62.
[ 6 ] 徐兰.浅谈以肟法制己内酰胺生产过程中苯的职业病危害[J].临床医药文献电子杂志,2017,4(71):13869-13870.
[ 7 ] 崔建伟,戴猛,彭朝阳.某石化企业己内酰胺重残液与聚合浓缩液合并生产15kt/a切片项目职业病危害控制效果评价[J].职业与健康,2014,30(17):2381-2383.
[ 8 ] 马岩,于冬雪,孙玉欣.半定量风险评估法在冶金焦化企业的应用[J].工业卫生与职业病,2016,42(2):134-137.
[ 9 ] 傅红,俞爱青,张磊,等.新加坡职业暴露半定量风险评估模型在草甘膦制造行业中的应用研究[J].中国预防医学杂志,2016,17(12):916-920.
[10] 陈林,钱秀荣,赵秋妮,等.新加坡职业危害半定量风险评估法在某铅酸蓄电池企业中应用[J].中国职业医学,2018,45(1):123-125.
[11] 胥凯,王玲,朱新丽,等.石化企业长期低浓度苯接触工人血常规检测结果分析[J].中国工业医学杂志,2017,30(6):451-453.
[12] 王娟,兰亚佳.接触低浓度苯对作业工人血压影响的分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2018,34(5):688-691.
[13] 王婉群,赵运凤.长期低浓度二硫化碳职业暴露对男性生殖功能影响的Meta分析[J].中国优生与遗传杂志,2017,25(2):117-119.
[14] 陈利杰.长期低浓度混苯暴露对制漆作业工人健康的影响[J].河南医学研究,2017,26(12):2165-2166.