2015-2017年柳州市流感病原学监测分析
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摘要
目的分析2015年1月-2017年12月柳州市流感病原学流行特征,为本地区流感防控工作提供科学依据。方法采集柳州市流感哨点监测医院流感样病例以及流感样病例聚集性疫情病例咽拭子样本,采用用RT-PCR对流感病毒基因分型进行检测,对结果进行描述性分析。结果 3个年度共采集流感样病例咽拭子标本3 387份,流感病毒检出率为11.43%。2015-2017年阳性率分别为8.46%、14.71%、10.93%,不同年度阳性率有统计学意义(■=21.886,P<0.05)。H3N2亚型阳性率高峰在2015年和2017年夏季、2016年冬季,新甲型H1N1阳性率的高峰在2016年春季,乙型流感病毒全年均有分布,2014-2017年流行趋势逐渐增强,并在2017年冬季形成流行高峰。不同年龄组的流感病毒核酸阳性率差异有统计学意义(■=8.786,P<0.05),以15岁年龄组阳性率最高(12.88%)。3个年度共报告聚集性疫情91起,其中2015跟2017年以乙型为主,2016年以H3N2亚型为主,不同年度阳性率有统计学意义(■=20.807,P<0.001)。结论 2015-2017年度乙型、甲型H1N1与H3N2流感病毒呈交替流行趋势,应加强本地区流感监测网络建设,提高流感监测及预警能力,为本地区流感疫情防控措施的制定及干预提供依据。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Liuzhou from January 2015 to December 2017,and to provide a scientific basis for its prevention and control.Methods Samples of throat swabs from patients with influenza-like illness were collected in national influenza surveillance hospitals in Liuzhou.The influenza virus genotyping was detected by RT-PCR,and the results were descriptively analyzed.Results A total of 3 387 samples of throat swabs were collected from influenza-like cases during,the 3 years with an isolation rate of 11.43%.The positive rates in 2015-2017 years were 8.46%,14.71% and 10.93%,respectively,and the positive rates in different years were statistically significant(■=21.886,P<0.05).H3N2 subtype positive rate peak in 2015 and 2017 summer,2016 winter,the peak of the new type A H1 N1 positive rate in the spring of 2016,The B-type influenza virus was prevalent throughout the whole year with a strengthening influence from 2014 to 2017,and the epidemic peak was formed in the winter of 2017.The positive rates of influenza viruses in different age groups were significantly different(■=8.786,P<0.05),with the highest positive rate(12.88%)in the 15-year-old age group.A total of 91 cases of cluster epidemic were reported in the 3 years.Influenza B was the dominant subtype in 2015 and 2017,then H3 N2 was the dominant subtype in 2016.The positive rates in different years were statistically significant(■=20.807,P<0.001).Conclusion The influenza B,H1 N1 and H3 N2 were multiple with the alternations of dominant strains in Liuzhou in 2015-2017.It is necessary to strengthen the construction of influenza monitoring network in the region and improve the ability of influenza monitoring,then provide the basis for the formulation and intervention of influenza prevention and control measures.
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Liuzhou from January 2015 to December 2017,and to provide a scientific basis for its prevention and control.Methods Samples of throat swabs from patients with influenza-like illness were collected in national influenza surveillance hospitals in Liuzhou.The influenza virus genotyping was detected by RT-PCR,and the results were descriptively analyzed.Results A total of 3 387 samples of throat swabs were collected from influenza-like cases during,the 3 years with an isolation rate of 11.43%.The positive rates in 2015-2017 years were 8.46%,14.71% and 10.93%,respectively,and the positive rates in different years were statistically significant(■=21.886,P<0.05).H3N2 subtype positive rate peak in 2015 and 2017 summer,2016 winter,the peak of the new type A H1 N1 positive rate in the spring of 2016,The B-type influenza virus was prevalent throughout the whole year with a strengthening influence from 2014 to 2017,and the epidemic peak was formed in the winter of 2017.The positive rates of influenza viruses in different age groups were significantly different(■=8.786,P<0.05),with the highest positive rate(12.88%)in the 15-year-old age group.A total of 91 cases of cluster epidemic were reported in the 3 years.Influenza B was the dominant subtype in 2015 and 2017,then H3 N2 was the dominant subtype in 2016.The positive rates in different years were statistically significant(■=20.807,P<0.001).Conclusion The influenza B,H1 N1 and H3 N2 were multiple with the alternations of dominant strains in Liuzhou in 2015-2017.It is necessary to strengthen the construction of influenza monitoring network in the region and improve the ability of influenza monitoring,then provide the basis for the formulation and intervention of influenza prevention and control measures.
引文
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[11] 查亦薇,周晚玲,林云.嘉兴市2004-2013年60岁及以上老年人法定传染病流行特征分析[J].中国预防医学杂志,2015,16(7):546-551.
[12] Shu YL,Fang LQ,De Vlas SJ,et al.Dual seasonal patterns for influenza,China[J].Emerging Infectious Diseases,2010,16(4):725-726.
[13] 安徽省2017年流感疫情专题风险评估报告[J].安徽预防医学杂志,2018,24(1):2-3,15.
[2] 杨树海.流行性感冒流行特征分析与预防控制措施[J].微量元素与健康研究,2017,34(2):93-94.
[3] 国家卫生和计划生育委员会办公厅.全国流感监测方案(2017年版)[EB/OL].[2019-01-20].http://www.moh.gov.cn/jkj/s3577/201704/ed1498d9e64144738cc7f8db61a39506.shtml.
[4] 许玉成,邓凯杰,钟剑明,等.2007-2016年深圳市福田区中小学校及托幼机构传染病暴发疫情流行特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(10):1750-1752,1773.
[5] 黄一伟,张红,张斯钰,等.湖南省2014-2017监测年度流行性感冒哨点监测病原学结果分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2018,22(1):42-45.
[6] 汪鹏,杨小兵,孔德广,等.武汉市2012-2017年流感监测结果分析[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(1):141-144.
[7] 曹蓝,陆剑云,陈艺韵,等.广州市2015-2016年儿童流感疫情病原学监测分析[J].中国学校卫生,2018,39(3):418-420.
[8] 詹鑫婕,罗密芳,农皓,等.南宁市2014-2016年儿童流感病原学监测结果分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2018,28(6):737-739.
[9] 农皓,刘海燕,秦剑秋,等.南宁市2012-2015年流行性感冒流行特征分析[J].微生物学免疫学进展,2017,45(1):46-49.
[10] 任超,高丽,吴夏艳,等.一起学生流行性感冒暴发疫情的调查分析[J].现代实用医学,2016,28(4):539-540,561.
[11] 查亦薇,周晚玲,林云.嘉兴市2004-2013年60岁及以上老年人法定传染病流行特征分析[J].中国预防医学杂志,2015,16(7):546-551.
[12] Shu YL,Fang LQ,De Vlas SJ,et al.Dual seasonal patterns for influenza,China[J].Emerging Infectious Diseases,2010,16(4):725-726.
[13] 安徽省2017年流感疫情专题风险评估报告[J].安徽预防医学杂志,2018,24(1):2-3,15.