内蒙古额济纳旗老硐沟金多金属矿区成矿构造系统解析和构造控矿规律
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摘要
通过区域成矿构造背景分析、矿区构造地质调查、构造地球化学测量、勘探资料系统整理编图和三维地质建模,厘定了老硐沟金多金属矿区成矿构造系统,并将其解析为加里东期近东西向成矿构造子系统、海西期-印支期北西西与次级北北西向"入"字型成矿构造子系统、喜山期溶洞成矿构造子系统,阐述了复合成矿构造系统的基本要素、特征和控矿作用,重建了成矿构造系统的演化过程,系统地总结了矿区构造控矿规律。通过研究认为不同成矿构造子系统控制不同的矿床类型:近东西向成矿构造子系统控制了石英脉型钨矿体和矽卡岩型铜多金属矿体的产出;北西西与次级北北西向"入"字型成矿构造子系统控制了蚀变岩型金多金属矿体的产出;溶洞成矿构造子系统控制了溶塌堆积型金矿体的产出。不同矿段的蚀变岩型金矿脉构式不同:由西向东,由Ⅱ矿段→Ⅴ矿段→Ⅰ矿段,依次呈现出"入"字型、"多"字型和"亖"字型,在动力学机制上都统一于成矿期东西向右旋力偶剪切构造应力场。控制脉岩的构造、控矿构造和控洞构造具有一致性和继承性,蚀变岩型的金矿脉具有:北西西和北北西走向优选性,矿体倾向随岩脉倾向变化而变化,矿体具有向北西侧伏的规律。含矿岩系的层序构造亦是有利的控矿因素。根据这些控矿规律可以有效地进行矿区找矿预测。
The metallogenic structure system of the Laodonggou gold polymetallic mining area is constructed on the basis of analysis of regional tectonic background, tectonic geological and tectonic geochemical survey, compilation of previous exploration data, as well as 3D geological modeling. It is further divided into three subsystems, which including the Caledonian E-W metallogenic tectonics, the Hercynian-Indosinian "入" type structure that constitutes the major NWW and secondary NNW metallogenic tectonics, and the Himalayan karst cave metallogenic structure. This paper summarized the basic elements, major features and and ore-controlling role of the complex metallogenic tectonic system, and discussed the evolution of the metallogenic tectonic system. Different metallogenic tectonic subsystem controls different mineralization types: the quartz vein type tungsten ores and skarn type copper polymetallic ores are controlled by the E-W metallogenic tectonic subsystem, the altered rock type gold polymetallic ores are controlled by the "入" type structure, whereas the karst cave metallogenic structure controlled the karst type gold ores. The structural styles of altered rock type gold ore bodies vary in different ore sections, from West to East, from Ⅱ, Ⅴ to Ⅰ ore section, showed in order "入" type, "多" type and "亖" type, which are in consistent with the progressing of a E-W right-lateral shear stress field in mineralization period. The vein rock, ore and karst cave control structure are consistent and inheriting. The orientated direction of altered rock type gold ore bodies are mostly NWW and NNW. Occurrences of the ore bodies are closely related to those of the dikes and generally NW lateral trending. The sequence structure of the host rocks is also favorable for ore mineralization. According to these ore-controlling regularity, the prospecting and prediction in this mining area can be carried out effectively.
The metallogenic structure system of the Laodonggou gold polymetallic mining area is constructed on the basis of analysis of regional tectonic background, tectonic geological and tectonic geochemical survey, compilation of previous exploration data, as well as 3D geological modeling. It is further divided into three subsystems, which including the Caledonian E-W metallogenic tectonics, the Hercynian-Indosinian "入" type structure that constitutes the major NWW and secondary NNW metallogenic tectonics, and the Himalayan karst cave metallogenic structure. This paper summarized the basic elements, major features and and ore-controlling role of the complex metallogenic tectonic system, and discussed the evolution of the metallogenic tectonic system. Different metallogenic tectonic subsystem controls different mineralization types: the quartz vein type tungsten ores and skarn type copper polymetallic ores are controlled by the E-W metallogenic tectonic subsystem, the altered rock type gold polymetallic ores are controlled by the "入" type structure, whereas the karst cave metallogenic structure controlled the karst type gold ores. The structural styles of altered rock type gold ore bodies vary in different ore sections, from West to East, from Ⅱ, Ⅴ to Ⅰ ore section, showed in order "入" type, "多" type and "亖" type, which are in consistent with the progressing of a E-W right-lateral shear stress field in mineralization period. The vein rock, ore and karst cave control structure are consistent and inheriting. The orientated direction of altered rock type gold ore bodies are mostly NWW and NNW. Occurrences of the ore bodies are closely related to those of the dikes and generally NW lateral trending. The sequence structure of the host rocks is also favorable for ore mineralization. According to these ore-controlling regularity, the prospecting and prediction in this mining area can be carried out effectively.
引文
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杨鑫,马宝军,张善明,马驰骅,王海涛.2016.内蒙古北山盘陀山地区地质特征及成矿条件分析.西部资源,(5):66-67.
于文松,廖昌溪,陈果.2013.内蒙古老硐沟金矿床成因类型与找矿前景分析.黄金科学技术,21(2):24-27.
赵国斌,李文明,杨合群,田永堂,高永伟,杜涛,全守村,乔耿彪,雷永孝,杨涛,冯斌.2011.内蒙盘陀山含钨花岗岩体地质地球化学特征及成因讨论.地质与勘探,47(5):828-836.
赵国斌,李文明,杨合群,田永堂,全守村,乔耿彪,雷永孝,杜涛,高永伟,杨涛,冯斌.2010.内蒙北山国庆钨矿床成矿特征与成因探讨.矿床地质,29(S1):341-342.
赵鹏彬,付垒,高峰,李武杰,贺争锋.2016.内蒙古老硐沟钨矿床地质特征与找矿潜力分析.西部资源,(6):83-85.
郑荣国,吴泰然,张文,冯继承.2012.北山地区月牙山?洗肠井蛇绿岩的地球化学特征及形成环境.地质学报,86(6):961-971.
白大明,聂凤军,江思宏.2002.内蒙古老硐沟氧化淋滤型金矿综合找矿方法.矿床地质,21(S1):573-576.
丁嘉鑫,韩春明,肖文交,王忠梅,杨晓梅.2015.北山造山带花牛山岛弧东段钨矿床成矿时代和成矿动力学过程.岩石学报,31(2):594-616.
何世平,周会武,任秉琛,姚文光,付力浦.2005.甘肃内蒙古北山地区古生代地壳演化.西北地质,(3):6-15.
黄典豪,王宝林.1997.额济纳旗老硐沟氧化?淋滤型金矿床成矿特征.贵金属地质,(2):13-20.
刘洪.1985.内蒙额济纳旗老硐沟地区元素分带模式.物探与化探,(4):304-308.
苗来成,朱明帅,张福勤.2014.北山地区中生代岩浆活动与成矿构造背景分析.中国地质,41(4):1190-1204.
钱建平,常德才,徐磊,张海莹,李承礼,杜继旭,余树青.2017.山东沂南金矿田成矿构造系统和构造控矿规律.大地构造与成矿学,41(1):77-90.
任乖雅,张岳礼,赵峰.2017.内蒙古额济纳旗老硐沟金矿外围土壤测量地球化学异常特征.陕西地质,35(1):47-50.
王国强.2015.北山古生代蛇绿岩、火山岩研究与构造演化.西安:长安大学博士学位论文.
杨合群,李英,李文明,杨建国,赵国斌,王小红.2009a.北山花岗岩S型/I型空间变化规律及含矿性.地球学报,30(5):627-633.
杨合群,李英,赵国斌,王永和,杨建国,李文明,姜寒冰,谭文娟,张开春.2009b.新疆?甘肃?内蒙古衔接区地层对比及其意义.西北地质,42(4):60-75.
杨合群,赵国斌,李文明,杨建国,李英,王小红,姜寒冰,谭文娟.2010.内蒙古盘陀山?鹰嘴红山含钨花岗岩带形成时代及源区示踪.地质与勘探,46(3):407-413.
杨鑫,马宝军,张善明,马驰骅,王海涛.2016.内蒙古北山盘陀山地区地质特征及成矿条件分析.西部资源,(5):66-67.
于文松,廖昌溪,陈果.2013.内蒙古老硐沟金矿床成因类型与找矿前景分析.黄金科学技术,21(2):24-27.
赵国斌,李文明,杨合群,田永堂,高永伟,杜涛,全守村,乔耿彪,雷永孝,杨涛,冯斌.2011.内蒙盘陀山含钨花岗岩体地质地球化学特征及成因讨论.地质与勘探,47(5):828-836.
赵国斌,李文明,杨合群,田永堂,全守村,乔耿彪,雷永孝,杜涛,高永伟,杨涛,冯斌.2010.内蒙北山国庆钨矿床成矿特征与成因探讨.矿床地质,29(S1):341-342.
赵鹏彬,付垒,高峰,李武杰,贺争锋.2016.内蒙古老硐沟钨矿床地质特征与找矿潜力分析.西部资源,(6):83-85.
郑荣国,吴泰然,张文,冯继承.2012.北山地区月牙山?洗肠井蛇绿岩的地球化学特征及形成环境.地质学报,86(6):961-971.