合作关系情境下企业网络交互能力量表的设计与检验
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摘要
为了更好地开展围绕企业网络交互能力的相关实证研究,遵循量表开发的程序,以制造商与其主要经销商之间的合作关系为研究情境,结合实地访谈及问卷调查结果,设计并检验了一个测量企业网络交互能力的量表。该量表是由交互导向、IT设备能力、IT人员能力和网络交互技术运用能力等4个维度组合而成的构成性量表。通过对512份调查数据的统计分析,结果表明,企业网络交互能力量表在信度、表面效度、内容效度、收敛效度、判别效度和工具效度等方面均达到了测量要求。此外,考虑到企业网络交互能力的4个维度有可能单独发挥作用,并存在相互影响的复杂关系,进行了3个事后检验,探讨了多种可能性。这为今后比较企业之间网络交互能力的差异,探讨企业网络交互能力的前因、后果以及形成机制,打下了良好的基础。
To develop a basis for empirical research on firm's internet interactive capability(FIIC), this study designs and examines a scale of FIIC in the context of the cooperative relationship between manufactures and their main distributors by following the scale development procedure. The scale of FIIC is a formative scale composed of four dimensions, namely interactive orientation, IT technological capability, IT personal capability, and capability of using internet interactive technologies. The results of the statistical analysis, based on a survey data of 512 respondents, indicate that the FIIC scale has met the measurement requirements in terms of reliability, face validity, content validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and nomological validity. In addition, considering that the four dimensions of firm's internet interactive capability may work independently and their relationship may be interactive, we conduct three ex-post analyses to explore various possibilities. The scale may serve as basis for future research on the antecedents, consequences, and formation of firm's internet interactive capability in addition to comparing the differences in internet interactive capability among firms.
To develop a basis for empirical research on firm's internet interactive capability(FIIC), this study designs and examines a scale of FIIC in the context of the cooperative relationship between manufactures and their main distributors by following the scale development procedure. The scale of FIIC is a formative scale composed of four dimensions, namely interactive orientation, IT technological capability, IT personal capability, and capability of using internet interactive technologies. The results of the statistical analysis, based on a survey data of 512 respondents, indicate that the FIIC scale has met the measurement requirements in terms of reliability, face validity, content validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and nomological validity. In addition, considering that the four dimensions of firm's internet interactive capability may work independently and their relationship may be interactive, we conduct three ex-post analyses to explore various possibilities. The scale may serve as basis for future research on the antecedents, consequences, and formation of firm's internet interactive capability in addition to comparing the differences in internet interactive capability among firms.
引文
[1] 庄贵军, 李苗, 凌黎. 网络交互能力的量表开发与检验[J]. 管理学报, 2015, 12(9): 1369-1378.
[2] 庄贵军, 廖貅武, 张绪兵, 等. 企业的交互能力与交互策略: 基于网络交互技术的一个研究框架[J]. 营销科学学报, 2012, 8(4): 59.
[3] Ramani G, Kumar V. Interaction orientation and firm performance[J]. Journal of Marketing, 2008, 72(1): 27-45.
[4] Churchill J G A. A paradigm for developing better measures of marketing constructs[J]. Journal of Marketing Research, 1979: 64-73.
[5] 张涛, 庄贵军, 季刚. IT 能力对营销渠道中关系型治理的影响: 一条抑制渠道投机行为的新途径?[J]. 管理世界, 2010 (7): 119-129.
[6] 庄贵军,李苗,沈璐,等. 网络交互技术的采用及其对企业与顾客交互的影响——基于5家企业的案例分析 [J]. 财贸研究,2013 (3): 1-11.
[7] Byrd T A, Turner D E. Measuring the flexibility of information technology infrastructure: Exploratory analysis of a construct.[J]. Journal of Management Information Systems, 2000, 17(1):167-208.
[8] Jarvis C B, Mackenzie S B, Podsakoff P M. A critical review of construct indicators and measurement model misspecification in marketing and consumer research[J]. Journal of Consumer Research, 2003, 30(2): 199-218.
[9] 温忠麟,叶宝娟. 测验信度估计:从α系数到内部一致性信度[J].心理学报, 2011, 43(7): 821-829.
[10] Bagozzi R P. Measurement in marketing research: Basic principles of questionnaire design[J]. Principles of Marketing Research, 1994 (1): 1-49.
[11] Bohrnstedt G W. Reliability and validity assessment in attitude measurement[J]. Attitude Measurement, 1970: 80-99.
[12] Churchill G A, Iacobucci D. Marketing research: Methodological foundations[M]. New York: Dryden Press, 2006.
[13] Kishton J M, Widaman K F. Unidimensional versus domain representative parceling of questionnaire items: An empirical example[J]. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 1994, 54(3): 757-765.
[14] Claro D P, Hagelaar G, Omta O. The determinants of relational governance and performance: How to manage business relationships?[J]. Industrial Marketing Management, 2003, 32(8): 703-716.
[15] Su C, Yang Z, Zhuang G, et al. Interpersonal influence as an alternative channel communication behavior in emerging markets: The case of China[J]. Journal of International Business Studies, 2009, 40(4): 668-689.
[16] 凌黎, 庄贵军. 网络交互能力的构成维度及其相互关系——以图书馆服务为例[J]. 系统管理学报, 2016, 25(5): 858-867.
[17] Dewett T, Jones G R. The role of information technology in the organization: A review, model, and assessment[J]. Journal of Management, 2001, 27(3): 313-346.
1) 构成性量表是多维度的量表,量表中的每一个测量题项均代表一个不同的维度,被测量的变量由多个维度的题项共同测量。此时,删除一个题项,变量的内涵就不完整。而反应性量表的所有测量题项均是同一个被测量变量的函数,即每一个测量题项的变化都反映被测量变量的变化。这就要求构成一个反应性量表的各个题项之间不仅同向变化,而且高度相关。此时,即使删除一个题项,变量的内涵不会发生变化
[2] 庄贵军, 廖貅武, 张绪兵, 等. 企业的交互能力与交互策略: 基于网络交互技术的一个研究框架[J]. 营销科学学报, 2012, 8(4): 59.
[3] Ramani G, Kumar V. Interaction orientation and firm performance[J]. Journal of Marketing, 2008, 72(1): 27-45.
[4] Churchill J G A. A paradigm for developing better measures of marketing constructs[J]. Journal of Marketing Research, 1979: 64-73.
[5] 张涛, 庄贵军, 季刚. IT 能力对营销渠道中关系型治理的影响: 一条抑制渠道投机行为的新途径?[J]. 管理世界, 2010 (7): 119-129.
[6] 庄贵军,李苗,沈璐,等. 网络交互技术的采用及其对企业与顾客交互的影响——基于5家企业的案例分析 [J]. 财贸研究,2013 (3): 1-11.
[7] Byrd T A, Turner D E. Measuring the flexibility of information technology infrastructure: Exploratory analysis of a construct.[J]. Journal of Management Information Systems, 2000, 17(1):167-208.
[8] Jarvis C B, Mackenzie S B, Podsakoff P M. A critical review of construct indicators and measurement model misspecification in marketing and consumer research[J]. Journal of Consumer Research, 2003, 30(2): 199-218.
[9] 温忠麟,叶宝娟. 测验信度估计:从α系数到内部一致性信度[J].心理学报, 2011, 43(7): 821-829.
[10] Bagozzi R P. Measurement in marketing research: Basic principles of questionnaire design[J]. Principles of Marketing Research, 1994 (1): 1-49.
[11] Bohrnstedt G W. Reliability and validity assessment in attitude measurement[J]. Attitude Measurement, 1970: 80-99.
[12] Churchill G A, Iacobucci D. Marketing research: Methodological foundations[M]. New York: Dryden Press, 2006.
[13] Kishton J M, Widaman K F. Unidimensional versus domain representative parceling of questionnaire items: An empirical example[J]. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 1994, 54(3): 757-765.
[14] Claro D P, Hagelaar G, Omta O. The determinants of relational governance and performance: How to manage business relationships?[J]. Industrial Marketing Management, 2003, 32(8): 703-716.
[15] Su C, Yang Z, Zhuang G, et al. Interpersonal influence as an alternative channel communication behavior in emerging markets: The case of China[J]. Journal of International Business Studies, 2009, 40(4): 668-689.
[16] 凌黎, 庄贵军. 网络交互能力的构成维度及其相互关系——以图书馆服务为例[J]. 系统管理学报, 2016, 25(5): 858-867.
[17] Dewett T, Jones G R. The role of information technology in the organization: A review, model, and assessment[J]. Journal of Management, 2001, 27(3): 313-346.
1) 构成性量表是多维度的量表,量表中的每一个测量题项均代表一个不同的维度,被测量的变量由多个维度的题项共同测量。此时,删除一个题项,变量的内涵就不完整。而反应性量表的所有测量题项均是同一个被测量变量的函数,即每一个测量题项的变化都反映被测量变量的变化。这就要求构成一个反应性量表的各个题项之间不仅同向变化,而且高度相关。此时,即使删除一个题项,变量的内涵不会发生变化