基于离散单元法的铝粉冲击加载过程三维数值模拟
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摘要
基于离散单元法原理,应用三维离散元软件PFC3D对金属粉末的冲击加载过程进行了模拟,利用分离式霍普金森压杆实验验证了模拟结果。对压制过程中颗粒的运动情况进行了初步研究分析,发现颗粒的速度分布形状为不规则弧形,并存在分布梯度。刚受到冲击时,颗粒以横向移动为主进行重排,随着颗粒速度的增加,颗粒的运动方向逐渐向下偏移,以此规律,逐步传递。上部颗粒的垂直下移与下部颗粒的横向重排是颗粒间产生剪切的主要原因。
A 3 D discrete element software PFC3 D was applied to simulate the impact loading of metal powders under 3 D conditions,based on the discrete element method.The simulation results were verified by split Hopkinson pressure bar experiments.In addition,movement of particles in the compaction processes was analyzed,the velocity distribution of particles is irregular arcs,and there is a distribution gradient.When the impact occurred,the particles were rearranged mainly by transverse movement,with the increase of particle velocity,the moving direction of the particles was gradually shifted downward.The vertical movement of the upper particles and the lateral rearrangement of the lower particles are the main causes of shearing between the particles.
A 3 D discrete element software PFC3 D was applied to simulate the impact loading of metal powders under 3 D conditions,based on the discrete element method.The simulation results were verified by split Hopkinson pressure bar experiments.In addition,movement of particles in the compaction processes was analyzed,the velocity distribution of particles is irregular arcs,and there is a distribution gradient.When the impact occurred,the particles were rearranged mainly by transverse movement,with the increase of particle velocity,the moving direction of the particles was gradually shifted downward.The vertical movement of the upper particles and the lateral rearrangement of the lower particles are the main causes of shearing between the particles.
引文
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[14]胡仙平,刘军,马斌斌.基于DEM的金属颗粒间接触力的影响因素[J].机械设计与研究,2015,31(5):101-104.HU Xianping,LIU Jun,MA Binbin. Research on the Influential Factors of Contact Force between Metal Particles Based on the Discrete Element Method[J].Machine Design and Research,2015,31(5):101-104.*
[2] SKOGLUND P.High Density P/M Components by High Velocity Compaction[J]. Powder Metallurgy,2002,44(3):199-201.
[3] EDSER C.H?gan?s Promotes Potential of High Velocity Compaction[J]. Metal Powder Report,2001,56(9):6.
[4] CHELLURI B,KNOTH E.Powder Forming Using Dynamic Magnetic Compaction[C]//4th International Conference on High Speed Forming. Columbus,2010:26-34.
[5]李菊,赵德安,沈惠平,等.基于DEM的谷物三维并联振动筛筛分效果研究[J].中国机械工程,2013,24(8):1018-1022.LI Ju,ZHAO Dean,SHEN Huiping,et al.Research on Screening Effect of Grain Three Dimensional Parallel Vibrating Screen Based on DEM[J]. China Mechanical Engineering,2013,24(8):1018-1022.
[6]谭援强,杨冬民,李才,等.单晶硅加工裂纹的离散元仿真研究[J].中国机械工程,2008,19(21):2545-2548.TAN Yuanqiang,YANG Dongmin,LI Cai,et al.Discrete Element Method Simulation of Cracks in Monocrystalline Silicon Machining Process[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2008,19(21):2545-2548.
[7]母福生,杨鹏.搅拌磨机介质运动离散元数值模拟分析[J].中国机械工程,2012,23(20):2465-2468.MU Fusheng,YANG Peng. Analysis of DEM Numerical Simulation of Media Movement for a Stirred Mill[J]. China Mechanical Engineering,2012,23(20):2465-2468.
[8] MARTIN C L,BOUVARD D. Study of the Cold Compaction of Composite Powders by the Discrete Element Method[J].Acta Materialia,2003,51(2):373-386.
[9] MARTIN C L,BOUVARD D,SHIMA S.Study of Particle Rearrangement during Powder Compaction by the Discrete Element Method[J]. Journal of the Mechanics&Physics of Solids, 2003, 51(4):667-693.
[10] SADD M H,ADHIKARI G,CARDOSO F. DEM Simulation of Wave Propagation in Granular Materials[J]. Powder Technology,2000,109(1):222-233.
[11]郑洲顺,徐丹,雷湘媛,等.粉末高速压制成形密度分布的数值模拟及影响因素分析[J].材料工程,2012(7):10-14.ZHENG Zhoushun,XU Dan,LEI Xiangyuan,et al.Numerical Simulation and Influential Factors Analysis of Density Distribution in High Velocity Compaction[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering,2012(7):10-14.
[12]王爽,郑洲顺,周文.粉末高速压制成形过程中的应力波分析[J].物理学报,2011,60(12):590-594.WANG Shuang,ZHENG Zhoushuen,ZHOU Wen.The Pressure Wave Analysis in High Velocity Compaction Process[J]. Acta Phys. Sin.,2011,60(12):590-594.
[13]郑洲顺,王爽,郑珊,等.基于离散单元法的粉末高速压制流动过程模拟[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2010,39(12):2133-2136.ZHENG Zhoushun, WANG Shuang, ZHENG Shan,et al. Numerical Simulation of Particle Flow for High Velocity Compaction Based on Discrete Element Method[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2010,39(12):2133-2136.
[14]胡仙平,刘军,马斌斌.基于DEM的金属颗粒间接触力的影响因素[J].机械设计与研究,2015,31(5):101-104.HU Xianping,LIU Jun,MA Binbin. Research on the Influential Factors of Contact Force between Metal Particles Based on the Discrete Element Method[J].Machine Design and Research,2015,31(5):101-104.*