测井新技术在陆相致密油“七性”评价中的应用——以松辽盆地北部高台子油层为例
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摘要
中国陆相致密油储层具有岩性复杂、孔隙结构复杂、非均质性强等特点,常规测井难以准确评价岩性、物性、电性、含油性、烃源岩特性、脆性和水平地应力各向异性,本文综合应用"无源三组合"测井(岩性扫描测井、致密储层核磁共振测井和介电扫描测井)、声波扫描测井、微电阻率成像测井等测井新技术,结合传统"三组合"测井技术,总结出了陆相致密油测井评价思路,目的是解决烃源岩品质、储层品质和工程品质"三类品质"评价问题。运用该思路,对松辽盆地北部Q地区高台子油层测井新技术资料相对齐全的J2井和Q1井,进行精细测井评价,同时,结合常规测井资料,建立了相应的"七性"评价模型,并将模型用于研究工区内20口老井资料的解释,取得了良好效果。最终,在测井精细评价基础上初步建立储层分类标准,形成了一套陆相致密油评价体系。相比常规测井,测井新技术将以其独特优势支持我国陆相致密油勘探开发的深入进行。
The continental tight oil reservoirs in China have complex lithology, complicated pore structure and strong hetero-geneity, etc. It is difficult to evaluate the "seven properties" i.e. lithology, reservoir quality, electrical properties, petroliferous properties, source rock properties, brittleness and in-situ stress anisotropy with conventional well logs. An evaluation idea takes the advantages of new well logging technology combined with the conventional well logs so that the evaluation of "three qualities", i.e. the quality of the hydrocarbon source rocks, the quality of the reservoir and the quality of the engineering can be carried out. Based on the above-mentioned idea, well J2 and Q1 of Q region in Songliao Basin are evaluated with relatively complete new well logging data. The models of "seven properties" evaluation are built in order to evaluate the wells with the conventional well data. The data of 20 old wells are processed with the models in the same work area, achieving desirable results. In the end, the reservoir classification standard is preliminary established on the basis of fine logging evaluation and a continental tight oil evaluation system is formed accordingly. Comparing with the conventional well logs, new logging technology will provide great support for the further work of continental tight oil exploration and development.
The continental tight oil reservoirs in China have complex lithology, complicated pore structure and strong hetero-geneity, etc. It is difficult to evaluate the "seven properties" i.e. lithology, reservoir quality, electrical properties, petroliferous properties, source rock properties, brittleness and in-situ stress anisotropy with conventional well logs. An evaluation idea takes the advantages of new well logging technology combined with the conventional well logs so that the evaluation of "three qualities", i.e. the quality of the hydrocarbon source rocks, the quality of the reservoir and the quality of the engineering can be carried out. Based on the above-mentioned idea, well J2 and Q1 of Q region in Songliao Basin are evaluated with relatively complete new well logging data. The models of "seven properties" evaluation are built in order to evaluate the wells with the conventional well data. The data of 20 old wells are processed with the models in the same work area, achieving desirable results. In the end, the reservoir classification standard is preliminary established on the basis of fine logging evaluation and a continental tight oil evaluation system is formed accordingly. Comparing with the conventional well logs, new logging technology will provide great support for the further work of continental tight oil exploration and development.
引文
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[21]MEHDI H,HENRI B,BENOIT D,et al.Dielectric dispersion:a new wireline petrophysical Measurement[C].SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,Denver,USA,2008.
[22]CRADDOCK P,HERRON S L,BADRY R,et al.Hydrocarbon saturation from total organic carbon logs derived from inelastic and capture nuclear spectroscopy[C].SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,2013,SPE 166297.
[23]袁超,周灿灿,胡松,等.地层有机碳含量测井评价方法综述[J].地球物理学进展,2014,29(6):2831-2837.[YUAN C,ZHOU C C,HU S,et al.Summary on well logging evaluation method of total organic carbon content in formation[J].Progress in Geophysics,2014,29(6):2831-2837.]
[24]TUCKER M E.Sedimentary petrology:an introduction to the origin of sedimentary rocks(third edition)[M].Oxford:Blackwell Science,2001.
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[26]李华阳,周灿灿,李长喜,等.致密砂岩脆性指数测井评价方法—以鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区长7段致密砂岩储集层为例[J].新疆石油地质,2014,35(5):593-597.[LI H Y,ZHOU C C,LI C X,et al.Logging evaluation and application of brittleness index in tight sandstone reservoir[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2014,35(5):593-597.]
[27]杨雪冰,李庆峰,李文志,等.声波测井技术在非常规致密油藏储层评价中的应用[J].应用声学,2014,33(1):16-22.[YANG X B,LI Q F,LI W Z,et al.The application of acoustic logging technologies in the unconventional dense reservoir[J].Journal of Applied Acoustics,2014,33(1):16-22.]
[28]刘之的,夏宏泉,汤小燕,等.成像测井资料在地应力计算中的应用[J].西南石油学院学报,2005,27(4):9-12.[LIU Z D,XIA H Q,TANG X Y,et al.The application of the formation stress calculation using image well logging data[J].Journal of Southwest petroleum institute,2005,27(4):9-12.]
[29]ARROYO FRANCO J L,MERCADO ORTIZ M A,GOPA S D,et al.Sonic investigations in and around the borehole[J].Oilfield Review,2006,21(1):14-33.
[30]王冬梅,吴广民.地层压力计算模型及其现场应用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2007,26(4):84-87.[WANG D M,WU G M.Formation pressure calculation model and its field application[J].Petroleum Geology and Oilfield Development in Daqing,2007,26(4):84-87.]
[2]贾承造,郑民,张永峰.中国非常规油气资源与勘探开发前景[J].石油勘探与开发,2012,39(2):129-136.[JIA C Z,ZHENG M,ZHANG Y F.Unconventional hydrocarbon resources in China and the prospect of exploration and development[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2012,39(2):129-136.]
[3]邹才能,杨智,朱如凯,等.中国非常规油气勘探开发与理论技术进展[J].地质学报,2015,89(6):979-1007.[ZOU C N,YANG Z,ZHU R K,et al.Progress in China’s unconventional oil&gas exploration and development and theoretical technologies[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2015,89(6):979-1007.]
[4]SCHMOKER J W.Organic content of Devonian shale in western Appalachian Basin[J].AAPG Bulletin,1980,64(12):2156-2165.
[5]SCHMOKER J W.Determination of organic-matter content of Appalachian Devonian shales from gamma-ray logs[J].AAPG Bulletin,1981,65(7):1285-1298.
[6]FLOWER J G.Use of sonic-shear-wave/resistivity overlay as a quick-look method for identifying potential pay zones in the Ohio(Devonian)Shale[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1983,35(3):638-642.
[7]MEYER B L,NEDERLOF M H.Identification of source rock on wireline logs by density/resistivity and sonic transit time/resistivity crossplot[J].AAPG Bulletin,1984,68(2):121-129.
[8]PASSEY Q R,CREANEY S,KULLA J B,et al.A practical model for organic richness from porosity and resistivity logs[J].AAPG Bulletin,1990,74(12):1777-1794.
[9]王贵文,朱振宇,朱广宇.烃源岩测井识别与评价方法研究[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(4):50-52.[WANG G W,ZHU Z Y,ZHU G Y.Logging identification and evaluation of Cambrian-Ordovician source rocks in syneclise of Tarim basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2002,29(4):50-52.]
[10]焦翠华,王清辉,徐怀民,等.准东地区北部二叠系致密油藏烃源岩测井评价[J].新疆石油地质,2013,34(5):524-527.[JIAO C H,WANG Q H,XU H M,et al.The logging evaluation of source rocks in Permian tight oil reservoir in Northern East Junggar basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2013,34(5):524-527.]
[11]施立志,王卓卓,张革,等.松辽盆地齐家地区致密油形成条件与分布规律[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(1):44-50.[SHI L Z,WANG Z Z,ZHANG G,et al.Distribution and formation of tight oil in Qijia area,Songliao Basin,NE China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2015,42(1):44-50.]
[12]施立志,王卓卓,张永生.松辽盆地齐家地区高台子油层致密油分布及地质特征[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(12):1943-1950.[SHI L Z,WANG Z Z,ZHANG Y S.Distribution and geological characteristics of tight oil in Gaotaizi oil layer of Qijia area,Songliao Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(12):1943-1950.]
[13]刘传平,钟淑敏,谢鹏,等.大庆油田高台子致密油测井评价方法研究[J].断块油气田,2016,23(1):46-51.[LIU C P,ZHONG S M,XIE P,et al.Logging evaluation method for tight oil sandstone reservoir in Gaotaizi Formation[J].Fault-block Oil&Gas Field,2016,23(1):46-51.]
[14]陶婕,柯式镇,尹成芳.新视界:斯伦贝谢高清微电阻率成像仪FMI-HD[J].国外测井技术,2013(6):67-68.[TAO J,KE S Z,YIN C F.New viewer:Schlumberger FMI-HD High-Definition Formation Micro Imager[J].World Well Logging Technology,2013(6):67-68.]
[15]尹成芳,柯式镇.斯伦贝谢新型高清晰度能谱测井仪-Litho Scanner的崛起[J].国外测井技术,2012(6):73-74.[YIN C F,KE S Z.Schlumberger new high definition spectrum well logging toolrise of Litho Scanner[J].World Well Logging Technology,2012(6):73-74.]
[16]RADTKE R J,LORENTE M,ADOLPH B,et al.A new capture and inelastic spectroscopy tool takes geochemical logging to the next level[C].SPWLA 53rd Annual Logging Symposium,Cartagena,Colombia,2012.
[17]HOOK P,FAIRHURST D,RYLANDER E,et al.Improved precision magnetic resonance acquisition:application to shale evaluation[C].SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,Denver,USA,2011.
[18]赵政璋,杜金虎,邹才能,等.致密油气[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2012.[ZHAO Z Z,DU J H,ZOU C N,et al.Tight oil and gas[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2012.]
[19]尤源,牛小兵,冯胜斌,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7致密油储层微观孔隙特征研究[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2014,38(6):18-23.[YOU Y,NIU X B,FENG S B,et al.Study of pore features in Chang7 tight oil reservoir,Yanchang layer,Ordos Basin[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2014,38(6):18-23.]
[20]李潮流,李长喜,候雨庭,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7段致密储集层测井评价[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(5):608-614.[LI C L,LI C X,HOU Y T,et al.Well logging evaluation of Triassic Chang 7 Member tight reservoirs,Yanchang Formation,Ordos Basin,NW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2015,42(5):608-614.]
[21]MEHDI H,HENRI B,BENOIT D,et al.Dielectric dispersion:a new wireline petrophysical Measurement[C].SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,Denver,USA,2008.
[22]CRADDOCK P,HERRON S L,BADRY R,et al.Hydrocarbon saturation from total organic carbon logs derived from inelastic and capture nuclear spectroscopy[C].SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,2013,SPE 166297.
[23]袁超,周灿灿,胡松,等.地层有机碳含量测井评价方法综述[J].地球物理学进展,2014,29(6):2831-2837.[YUAN C,ZHOU C C,HU S,et al.Summary on well logging evaluation method of total organic carbon content in formation[J].Progress in Geophysics,2014,29(6):2831-2837.]
[24]TUCKER M E.Sedimentary petrology:an introduction to the origin of sedimentary rocks(third edition)[M].Oxford:Blackwell Science,2001.
[25]穆永利,陈建,张丽华,等.致密油储层测井评价及研究[J].长江大学学报(自科版),2015,12(32):21-26.[MU Y L,CHEN J,ZHANG L H,et al.Well logging evaluation and study of tight oil reservoirs[J].Journal of Yangtze University(Natural Science Edition),2015,12(32):21-26.]
[26]李华阳,周灿灿,李长喜,等.致密砂岩脆性指数测井评价方法—以鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区长7段致密砂岩储集层为例[J].新疆石油地质,2014,35(5):593-597.[LI H Y,ZHOU C C,LI C X,et al.Logging evaluation and application of brittleness index in tight sandstone reservoir[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2014,35(5):593-597.]
[27]杨雪冰,李庆峰,李文志,等.声波测井技术在非常规致密油藏储层评价中的应用[J].应用声学,2014,33(1):16-22.[YANG X B,LI Q F,LI W Z,et al.The application of acoustic logging technologies in the unconventional dense reservoir[J].Journal of Applied Acoustics,2014,33(1):16-22.]
[28]刘之的,夏宏泉,汤小燕,等.成像测井资料在地应力计算中的应用[J].西南石油学院学报,2005,27(4):9-12.[LIU Z D,XIA H Q,TANG X Y,et al.The application of the formation stress calculation using image well logging data[J].Journal of Southwest petroleum institute,2005,27(4):9-12.]
[29]ARROYO FRANCO J L,MERCADO ORTIZ M A,GOPA S D,et al.Sonic investigations in and around the borehole[J].Oilfield Review,2006,21(1):14-33.
[30]王冬梅,吴广民.地层压力计算模型及其现场应用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2007,26(4):84-87.[WANG D M,WU G M.Formation pressure calculation model and its field application[J].Petroleum Geology and Oilfield Development in Daqing,2007,26(4):84-87.]