不同铜水平饲粮对舍饲滩羊生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响
|
摘要
本试验旨在研究不同铜水平饲粮对舍饲滩羊生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响,为生产高端羊肉提供科学、可靠的理论依据。选取断奶后、平均体重为20 kg左右的健康无疾病的滩羊40只,随机分为4组,每组10只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,不额外添加铜,饲粮中铜含量为9.0 mg/kg;试验I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加3. 0、5. 5和7. 0 mg/kg铜。预试期为10 d,正试期为60 d。结果表明:1) 4组间舍饲滩羊的初重、末重和平均日增重均无显著差异(P>0.05)。2) 4组间舍饲滩羊的体长、体高、胸围均无显著差异(P>0.05)。试验Ⅰ组舍饲滩羊的体高相对增长量显著高于对照组和试验Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。3) 4组间舍饲滩羊的宰前活重、胴体重、骨重、胴体脂肪重、GR值、眼肌面积、骨肉比以及胴体产肉率均无显著差异(P>0.05)。试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组舍饲滩羊的净肉重显著高于对照组(P<0.05),试验Ⅲ组舍饲滩羊的尾部脂肪重显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。4) 4组间舍饲滩羊的肌肉pH、初水分、失水率、滴水损失和熟肉率均差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验Ⅰ组舍饲滩羊的肉色红度值显著高于对照组和试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组舍饲滩羊的肌肉剪切力显著高于试验Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加适宜水平铜可提高舍饲滩羊的屠宰性能和肉品质,本试验条件下,以添加3.0 mg/kg铜(饲粮铜含量为12.0 mg/kg)为宜。
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of diets with different copper levels on growth performance,slaughter performance and meat quality of house-feeding Tan sheep,and to provide a scientific and reliable theoretical basis for the production of high quality mutton. Forty weaned healthy Tan sheep with similar body weight of 20 kg were randomly divided into four groups with 10 sheep in each group. Sheep in the control group were fed a basal diet without copper addition,and the dietary copper content was9.0 mg/kg; the others in the trial groups I,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were fed basal diets supplemented with 3. 0,5. 5 and7.0 mg/kg copper,respectively. The pre-feeding period was 10 days and the trial period was 60 days. The results showed as follows: 1) there were no significant differences in initial weight,final weight and average daily gain of house-feeding Tan sheep among the 4 groups( P>0.05). 2) There were no significant differences in body length,body height and bust of house-feeding Tan sheep among the 4 groups( P > 0. 05). The body height relative growth rate of house-feeding Tan sheep of trial group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of control group and trial group Ⅱ( P< 0. 05). 3) There were no significant differences in living weight before slaughter,carcass weight,bone weight,carcass fat weight,GR value,eye muscle area,bone to meat ratio and carcass production rate of house-feeding Tan sheep among the 4 groups( P>0.05). The net meat weight of house-feeding Tan sheep of trial groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ was significantly higher than that of the control group( P <0.05),the tail fat weight of house-feeding Tan sheep of trial group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of the control group( P<0.05). 4) There were no significant differences in pH,initial water,water loss rate,drip loss,and cooked meat rate of muscle of house-feeding Tan sheep among the 4 groups( P > 0. 05). The meat color redness value of house-feeding Tan sheep of trial group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that of control group and trial groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ( P<0.05),the muscle shear force of house-feeding Tan sheep of trial groupsⅠ and Ⅱ was significantly higher than that of trial group Ⅲ( P<0.05). In summary,dietary supplemented with appropriate level copper can improve the slaughter performance and meat quality of house-feeding Tan sheep,under this experimental condition,the suitable copper supplemental level is 3.0 mg/kg( dietary copper content is 12.0 mg/kg).[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2019,31( 6) : 2927-2932]
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of diets with different copper levels on growth performance,slaughter performance and meat quality of house-feeding Tan sheep,and to provide a scientific and reliable theoretical basis for the production of high quality mutton. Forty weaned healthy Tan sheep with similar body weight of 20 kg were randomly divided into four groups with 10 sheep in each group. Sheep in the control group were fed a basal diet without copper addition,and the dietary copper content was9.0 mg/kg; the others in the trial groups I,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were fed basal diets supplemented with 3. 0,5. 5 and7.0 mg/kg copper,respectively. The pre-feeding period was 10 days and the trial period was 60 days. The results showed as follows: 1) there were no significant differences in initial weight,final weight and average daily gain of house-feeding Tan sheep among the 4 groups( P>0.05). 2) There were no significant differences in body length,body height and bust of house-feeding Tan sheep among the 4 groups( P > 0. 05). The body height relative growth rate of house-feeding Tan sheep of trial group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of control group and trial group Ⅱ( P< 0. 05). 3) There were no significant differences in living weight before slaughter,carcass weight,bone weight,carcass fat weight,GR value,eye muscle area,bone to meat ratio and carcass production rate of house-feeding Tan sheep among the 4 groups( P>0.05). The net meat weight of house-feeding Tan sheep of trial groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ was significantly higher than that of the control group( P <0.05),the tail fat weight of house-feeding Tan sheep of trial group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of the control group( P<0.05). 4) There were no significant differences in pH,initial water,water loss rate,drip loss,and cooked meat rate of muscle of house-feeding Tan sheep among the 4 groups( P > 0. 05). The meat color redness value of house-feeding Tan sheep of trial group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that of control group and trial groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ( P<0.05),the muscle shear force of house-feeding Tan sheep of trial groupsⅠ and Ⅱ was significantly higher than that of trial group Ⅲ( P<0.05). In summary,dietary supplemented with appropriate level copper can improve the slaughter performance and meat quality of house-feeding Tan sheep,under this experimental condition,the suitable copper supplemental level is 3.0 mg/kg( dietary copper content is 12.0 mg/kg).[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2019,31( 6) : 2927-2932]
引文
[1]CHENG J B,MA H,FAN C Y,et al.Effects of different copper sources and levels on plasma superoxide dismutase,lipid peroxidation,and copper status of lambs[J].Biological Trace Element Research,2011,144(1/2/3):570-579.
[2]杨正德.不同铜添加水平对肉牛铜代谢及肥育性能的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2000,36(3):14-16.
[3]ENGLE T E,SPEARS J W.Dietary copper effects on lipid metabolism,performance,and ruminal fermentation in finishing steers[J].Journal of Animal Science,2000,78(9):2452-2458.
[4]ENGLE T E,SPEARS J W,FELLNER V,et al.Effects of soybean oil and dietary copper on ruminal and tissue lipid metabolism in finishing steers[J].Journal of Animal Science,2000,78(10):2713-2721.
[5]侯鹏霞.滩羊羔羊早期补饲以及不同体重阶段羊肉品质的研究[D].硕士学位论文.银川:宁夏大学,2014.
[6]AOAC.Official methods of analysis[S].15th ed.Arlington:Association of Official Analytical Chemists,1990.
[7]陈志勇,敖·德古里那,罗巧慧,等.饲粮铜水平对断奶黑山羊生长性能和血清脂类代谢的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2018,54(11):66-70.
[8]SOLAIMAN S G,CRAIG T J,Jr,REDDY G,et al.Effect of high levels of Cu supplement on grow th performance,rumen fermentation,and immune responses in goat kids[J].Small Ruminant Research,2007,69(1/2/3):115-123.
[9]ENGLE T E,SPEARS J W,ARMSTRONG T A,et al.Effects of dietary copper source and concentration on carcass characteristics and lipid and cholesterol metabolism in grow ing and finishing steers[J].Journal of Animal Science,2000,78(4):1053-1059.
[10]JOHNSON L R,ENGLE T E.The effects of copper source and concentration on lipid metabolism in growing and finishing Angus steers[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2003,16(8):1131-1136.
[11]赵剑.氨基酸鳌合微量元素对南疆黄羊生产性能、胴体形状和肉品品质影响的研究[D].硕士学位论文.雅安:四川农业大学,2004.
[12]张俊丽,马青,马乐天,等.日粮中添加不同营养物质对滩羊生产性能的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2014(5):79-80.
[13]曾志宏.肉的品质与pH值的相关性[J].肉类工业,2001,1(1):31,32.
[14]周光宏.畜产品加工学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002.
[15]姚焰础,姚飞,卢德勋,等.苏尼特羔羊肌内脂肪沉积规律及其与肌肉嫩度相关性的研究[J].中国饲料,2010(1):22-23,26.
[16]李生莲,戴源森,保善科,等.复合微量元素对藏羊生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2016(10):91-93.
[17]张桂枝,李婉涛,靳双星.不同月龄的槐山羊屠宰性能及肉用品质比较[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(7):64-66.
[2]杨正德.不同铜添加水平对肉牛铜代谢及肥育性能的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2000,36(3):14-16.
[3]ENGLE T E,SPEARS J W.Dietary copper effects on lipid metabolism,performance,and ruminal fermentation in finishing steers[J].Journal of Animal Science,2000,78(9):2452-2458.
[4]ENGLE T E,SPEARS J W,FELLNER V,et al.Effects of soybean oil and dietary copper on ruminal and tissue lipid metabolism in finishing steers[J].Journal of Animal Science,2000,78(10):2713-2721.
[5]侯鹏霞.滩羊羔羊早期补饲以及不同体重阶段羊肉品质的研究[D].硕士学位论文.银川:宁夏大学,2014.
[6]AOAC.Official methods of analysis[S].15th ed.Arlington:Association of Official Analytical Chemists,1990.
[7]陈志勇,敖·德古里那,罗巧慧,等.饲粮铜水平对断奶黑山羊生长性能和血清脂类代谢的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2018,54(11):66-70.
[8]SOLAIMAN S G,CRAIG T J,Jr,REDDY G,et al.Effect of high levels of Cu supplement on grow th performance,rumen fermentation,and immune responses in goat kids[J].Small Ruminant Research,2007,69(1/2/3):115-123.
[9]ENGLE T E,SPEARS J W,ARMSTRONG T A,et al.Effects of dietary copper source and concentration on carcass characteristics and lipid and cholesterol metabolism in grow ing and finishing steers[J].Journal of Animal Science,2000,78(4):1053-1059.
[10]JOHNSON L R,ENGLE T E.The effects of copper source and concentration on lipid metabolism in growing and finishing Angus steers[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2003,16(8):1131-1136.
[11]赵剑.氨基酸鳌合微量元素对南疆黄羊生产性能、胴体形状和肉品品质影响的研究[D].硕士学位论文.雅安:四川农业大学,2004.
[12]张俊丽,马青,马乐天,等.日粮中添加不同营养物质对滩羊生产性能的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2014(5):79-80.
[13]曾志宏.肉的品质与pH值的相关性[J].肉类工业,2001,1(1):31,32.
[14]周光宏.畜产品加工学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002.
[15]姚焰础,姚飞,卢德勋,等.苏尼特羔羊肌内脂肪沉积规律及其与肌肉嫩度相关性的研究[J].中国饲料,2010(1):22-23,26.
[16]李生莲,戴源森,保善科,等.复合微量元素对藏羊生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2016(10):91-93.
[17]张桂枝,李婉涛,靳双星.不同月龄的槐山羊屠宰性能及肉用品质比较[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(7):64-66.