苏南新型农业社区水生态环境健康综合评价与分析——以常熟市生态农业社区为例
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摘要
在对研究区域15个断面实地调查和监测的基础上,结合相关文献研究,采用"压力-状态-响应"(PSR)模型对评价指标进行筛选,并用层次分析法和模糊评价法确定各指标层权重和计算方法,构建苏南农业社区水生态健康评价指标体系和评价方法。运用水生态健康综合评价指数和各准则层得分对研究区域河网水生态健康状况进行评价,并对评价结果提出对策和建议。评价结果显示53.3%监测断面处于"亚健康",46.7%为"不健康"状态。各监测断面水体理化指标得分表明研究区域水生态环境健康程度受其影响较大,水利水文指标影响较小于其他指标。
Based on the field survey and monitoring of 15 research points of researching areas,combining with the relevant literature and adopting the "Pressure-State-Response"model to analyze the evaluation indicators. The weight of each indicator and the comprehensive evaluation index is calculated by using Analytic Hierarchy Process( AHP) so as to establish a comprehensive system of evaluation indicators and corresponding assessing methods of agricultural community in the south of Jiangsu Province. According to the evaluation results of comprehensive index and its relationships with each criteria layer for researching area,relevant plans and suggestions were proposed. The evaluation result indicates that the ratio of "sub-health"among research points is 53.3%,and 46.7% is "not healthy"; the influence of water physical and chemical indicators for the water ecological health is the biggest,and the influence of hydrology and water conservancy is the smallest.
Based on the field survey and monitoring of 15 research points of researching areas,combining with the relevant literature and adopting the "Pressure-State-Response"model to analyze the evaluation indicators. The weight of each indicator and the comprehensive evaluation index is calculated by using Analytic Hierarchy Process( AHP) so as to establish a comprehensive system of evaluation indicators and corresponding assessing methods of agricultural community in the south of Jiangsu Province. According to the evaluation results of comprehensive index and its relationships with each criteria layer for researching area,relevant plans and suggestions were proposed. The evaluation result indicates that the ratio of "sub-health"among research points is 53.3%,and 46.7% is "not healthy"; the influence of water physical and chemical indicators for the water ecological health is the biggest,and the influence of hydrology and water conservancy is the smallest.
引文
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[3]曹连海,郝仕龙,陈南祥.农村生态环境指标体系的构建与评价[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(5):238-240.
[4]王梁,陈守越.江苏省农村地表水功能区水环境单因子指标评价与空间分析[J].中国农业资源与区划,2014,35(2):18-23.
[5]张艳会,杨桂山,万荣荣.湖泊水生态系统健康评价指标研究[J].资源科学,2014,36(6):1 306-1 315.
[6]Zhang Y H,Jia H F,Yao Y J,et al.Evaluating the evolution of the old urban river system of the plain river network in Southern Jiangsu Province,China[J].Journal of Food,Agriculture and Environment,2013,11(3-4):2 556-2 560.
[7]潘争伟,金菊良,吴开亚,等.区域水环境系统脆弱性指标体系及综合决策模型研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2014,23(4):518-525.
[8]Wang Z,Zhou J,Loaiciga H,et al.A DPSIR model for ecological security assessment through indicator screening:a case study at Dianchi Lake in China[J].Plo S one,2015,10(6):1-13.
[9]何倩,顾洪,郭晓晶,等.多种赋权方法联合应用制定科技实力评价指标权重[J].中国卫生统计,2013,30(1):27-30.
[10]孙超,陈文,刘逸凡.基于AHP法的模糊综合模型在流域生态健康评价中的应用[J].水文,2016,36(3):56-60.
[11]Davies P E,Harris J H,Hillman T J,et al.The sustainable rivers audit:assessing river ecosystem health in the Murray-Darling Basin,Australia[J].Marine and Freshwater Research,2010,61(7):764-777.
[12]李法云,吕纯剑,魏冉,等.辽河典型支流水生态功能三级区水生态系统健康评价[J].科技导报,2014,32(1):70-77.
[13]刘姝.都江堰市农村生态环境评价指标体系研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2015.
[14]韩振中,鲁少华.农村水利现代化发展思路与评价指标[J].灌溉排水学报,2012,31(1):5-9.
[15]褚克坚,阚丽景,华祖林.平原河网地区河流水生态评价指标体系构建及应用[J].水力发电学报,2014,33(5):138-144.
[16]高阳,高甲荣,李付杰,等.基于河道-湿地-缓冲带复合指标的京郊河溪生态评价体系[J].生态学报,2008,28(10):5 149-5 160.
[17]闻雅,周恩远.中国农村生态环境问题及对策[J].环境与可持续发展,2014,39(6):127-129.
[18]王夏晖,王波,吕文魁.我国农村水环境管理体制机制改革创新的若干建议[J].环境保护,2014,42(15):20-24.