黔南州高中异地生心理健康状况分析
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摘要
目的:本研究调查了贵州省黔南州高中异地生心理健康状况,为中学生心理健康教育提供依据以及对改进当地基础教育方式提出建议。方法:运用心理健康症状自评量表(SCL—90)对贵州省都匀市两所示范性高中高一学生共378人进行施测。结果:心理健康问题总检出率为46.56%,有176人(46.56%)存在不同程度心理健康问题,其中轻度心理问题162人(42.9%),中重度心理问题14人(3.7%)。心理健康症状自评量表因子阳性检出率前3位分别为强迫症状(78.8%)、人际关系敏感(66.3%)、焦虑(58.7%)。量表各因子均分与2004年全国青年组常模比较,均显著偏高;异地生比非异地生除了焦虑和敌对2项因子外其他7个因子均分都显著偏高。在交互作用分析中,异地生中的非独生子女在强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑等5个因子上比独生子女显著偏高,而本地生的独生与非独生子女在各因子上差异不显著。结论:贵州省黔南州高中异地生心理健康状况不容乐观,应改进当地基础教育方式和适当开展心理健康教育。
Objective: To assess the current status of mental health among the non- local students in senior high schools of Qiannan prefecture of Guizhou province,and to provide the base data for health education and educational reform. Methods: Total of 378 fresh students of two model senior high schools in Duyun were selected by random sampling. All participants were interviewed by using a questionnaire for related information, and their mental health was assessed by Symptom Cheek LIST 一 90( SCL- 90). Results: The total prevalence of unhealthy psychological status among 378 senior high school students was 46. 56%. The prevalence of mental problems of mild degree was 42. 9%,and of moderate- to- high degree was 3. 7%. The positive rates for the first three factors of SCL- 90 were obsessive- compulsive symptom( 78. 8%),interpersonal sensitivity( 66. 3%) and anxiety( 58. 7%). The SCL- 90 average scores in this study were higher than in former studies. Those whose parents doted on them scored higher than those whose parents did not. And a significant difference also existed between only child and non- only child in family among non- local students. Conclusion: The status of mental health among non- local students in senior high schools in Qiannan prefecture of Guizhou province is not satisfactory. Intensive health education should be carried out as soon as possible.
Objective: To assess the current status of mental health among the non- local students in senior high schools of Qiannan prefecture of Guizhou province,and to provide the base data for health education and educational reform. Methods: Total of 378 fresh students of two model senior high schools in Duyun were selected by random sampling. All participants were interviewed by using a questionnaire for related information, and their mental health was assessed by Symptom Cheek LIST 一 90( SCL- 90). Results: The total prevalence of unhealthy psychological status among 378 senior high school students was 46. 56%. The prevalence of mental problems of mild degree was 42. 9%,and of moderate- to- high degree was 3. 7%. The positive rates for the first three factors of SCL- 90 were obsessive- compulsive symptom( 78. 8%),interpersonal sensitivity( 66. 3%) and anxiety( 58. 7%). The SCL- 90 average scores in this study were higher than in former studies. Those whose parents doted on them scored higher than those whose parents did not. And a significant difference also existed between only child and non- only child in family among non- local students. Conclusion: The status of mental health among non- local students in senior high schools in Qiannan prefecture of Guizhou province is not satisfactory. Intensive health education should be carried out as soon as possible.
引文
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[2]王极盛,李焰,赫尔实.中国中学生心理健康量表的编制及其标准化[J].社会心理科学,1997,46(4):15-20.
[3]刘敏岚,李东斌.山区中学生心理健康状况的调查[J].中国健康教育,2005,21(1):11-14.
[4]张柏芳,宋娟.广州某校住宿中学生心理健康状况调查[J].中国校医,2007,21(4):404-405.