利用露头、井震及地球化学综合厘定层序界面——以鄂尔多斯盆地东北缘侏罗系为例
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摘要
侏罗系为鄂尔多斯盆地主要的含煤和含铀岩系,目前对侏罗系层序界面的识别主要依靠野外露头、录井岩性等进行宏观厘定,但在宏观特征无明显差别的地层中,层序界面厘定往往存在人为经验识别的随意性。为此,通过东北缘露头剖面和近千口钻孔电测曲线等常规识别工作,综合二维地震剖面和化学蚀变指数(CIA)垂向上的变化,在鄂尔多斯盆地东北缘侏罗系中识别出3个长期旋回层序界面(TSB1—TSB3)和7个中期旋回层序界面(SB1—SB7)。由于CIA垂向上的变化反映了延安组和直罗组沉积期古气候环境的变化,可将其用于层序界面厘定。综合识别层序界面不仅可以提高识别的准确性,而且可以赋予关键层序界面古沉积环境属性,减弱人为经验识别的影响,从而为整个盆地侏罗系层序地层的划分对比提供可靠依据。
Jurassic strata is mainly rock series containing coal and uranium in Ordos basin. The recognition of Jurassic sequence interfaces were mainly relied on the field outcrop, logging lithology of unconformity surface or the sedimentary discontinuity. However, it is tend to experience human recognition of randomness in the sequence interfaces recognition without macroscopic characteristics. Therefore, based on routine identification work such as outcrop profile and electrical curve of nearly 1 000 boreholes, combined with vertical changes of two-dimensional seismic profile and chemical index of alteration(CIA), three long-term cycle sequence interfaces(TSB1-TSB3) and seven medium-term cycle sequence interfaces(SB1-SB7) were finally identified in Jurassic period. The vertical change of CIA generally reflects that the paleoclimate experienced a transition process from warm-humid(dry-wet)alternation to drought-semi-drought from Yan'an to Zhiluo period, which can be used to identify the interfaces.Comprehensive identification of sequence interfaces can not only improve the accuracy,but also endow key sequence interfaces with paleo sedimentary environment attributes, and reduces the impact of human experience influence. Thus provide reliable basis for the division and correlation of Jurassic sequence strata in the whole basin.
Jurassic strata is mainly rock series containing coal and uranium in Ordos basin. The recognition of Jurassic sequence interfaces were mainly relied on the field outcrop, logging lithology of unconformity surface or the sedimentary discontinuity. However, it is tend to experience human recognition of randomness in the sequence interfaces recognition without macroscopic characteristics. Therefore, based on routine identification work such as outcrop profile and electrical curve of nearly 1 000 boreholes, combined with vertical changes of two-dimensional seismic profile and chemical index of alteration(CIA), three long-term cycle sequence interfaces(TSB1-TSB3) and seven medium-term cycle sequence interfaces(SB1-SB7) were finally identified in Jurassic period. The vertical change of CIA generally reflects that the paleoclimate experienced a transition process from warm-humid(dry-wet)alternation to drought-semi-drought from Yan'an to Zhiluo period, which can be used to identify the interfaces.Comprehensive identification of sequence interfaces can not only improve the accuracy,but also endow key sequence interfaces with paleo sedimentary environment attributes, and reduces the impact of human experience influence. Thus provide reliable basis for the division and correlation of Jurassic sequence strata in the whole basin.
引文
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[18]张天福,孙立新,张云,等.鄂尔多斯盆地北缘侏罗纪延安组、直罗组泥岩微量元素、稀土元素地球化学特征及其古沉积环境意义[J].地质学报,2016,90(12):3454-3472.ZHANG Tianfu,SUN Lixin,ZHANG Yun,et al.Geochemical characteristics and paleo environmental implications of Jurassic Yan’an&Zhiluo Formation,northern margin of Ordos basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2016,90(12):3454-3472.
[19]齐靓,余文超,杜远生,等.黔东南华纪铁丝坳期-大塘坡期古气候的演变:来自CIA的证据[J].地质科技情报,2015,34(6):47-57.QI Liang,YU Wenchao,DU Yuansheng,et al.Paleoclimate evolution of the Cryogenian Tiesi’ao Formation-Datangpo Formation in eastern Guizhou Province:Evidence from the chemical index of alteration[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2015,34(6):47-57.
[20]MCLENNAN S M.Weathering and global denudation[J].The Journal of Geology,1993,101(2):295-303.
[2]VAN WAGONER J C,POSAMENTIER H W,MITCHUM RM,et al.An overview of the fundamentals of sequence stratigraphy and Key definitions,in Wilgus C K,Hastings B S,Kendall G G St C,Posamentier H W,Ross C A,Wagoner Van J C,eds.,Sea-level changes:An integrated approach[J].Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Special Publication,1988,42:39-45.VAN WAGONER J C,MITCHUM R M,CAMPION K M.Siliciclastic sequences stratigraphy in well logs,cores and outcrops:Concepts for high-resolution correlation of time and facies[J].AAPG Methods in Exploration Series,1990,7:1-57.
[3]VAIL P R,AUDEMARD F,BOWMAN S A.The stratigraphic signature of tectonics,eustasy and sedimentation:An overview.In:Einsele G,et al.(eds),Cycles and events in stratigraphy[M].Berlin,Heidelberg,New York:Springer-Verlag,1991:617-659.
[4]张抗.鄂尔多斯断块构造和资源[M].西安:陕西科学技术出版社,1989:1-94.
[5]李思田,程守田,杨士恭,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东北部层序地层及沉积体系[M].北京:地质出版社,1990:1-194.
[6]董树文,张岳桥,龙长兴,等.中国侏罗纪构造变革与燕山运动新诠释[J].地质学报,2007,81(11):1449-1461.DONG Shuwen,ZHANG Yueqiao,LONG Changxing,et al.Jurassic tectonic revolution in China and new interpretation of the Yanshan movement[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2007,81(11):1449-1461.
[7]LI S T,YANG S G,TOMASZ J.Upper Triassic-Jurassic foreland sequences of the Ordos basin in China stratigraphic,evolution of foreland basins[J].SEPM Special Publication,1995,52:233-241.
[8]夏毓亮,刘汉彬,林锦荣,等.中国北方主要产铀盆地砂岩铀矿成矿年代学及成矿铀源研究[J].铀矿地质,2003,19(3):129-136.XIA Yuliang,LIU Hanbin,LIN Jinrong,et al.Research on geochronology and uranium source of sandstone-hosted uranium ore-formation in major uranium productive basins,Northern China[J].Uranium Geology,2003,19(3):129-136.
[9]刘池洋,赵红格,桂小军,等.鄂尔多斯盆地演化-改造的时空坐标及其成藏(矿)响应[J].地质学报,2006,80(5):617-638.LIU Chiyang,ZHAO Hongge,GUI Xiaojun,et al.Space-time coordinate of the evolution and reformation and mineralization response in Ordos basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2006,80(5):617-638.
[10]张岳桥,廖昌珍,施炜,等.论鄂尔多斯盆地及其周缘侏罗纪变形[J].地学前缘,2007,14(2):186-96.ZHANG Yueqiao,LIAO Changzhen,SHI Wei,et al.On the Jurassic tectonics in and around the Ordos basin,North China[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2007,14(2):186-196.
[11]焦养泉,吴立群,彭云彪,等.中国北方古亚洲构造域中沉积型铀矿形成发育的沉积-构造背景综合分析[J].地学前缘,2015,22(1):189-205.JIAO Yangquan,WU Liqun,PENG Yunbiao,et al.Sedimentary-tectonic setting of the deposition-type uranium deposits forming in the Paleo-Asian tectonic domain,North China[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2015,22(1):189-205.
[12]张云,孙立新,张天福,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东北缘煤铀岩系层序地层与煤铀赋存规律研究[J].地质学报,2016,90(12):3424-3440.ZHANG Yun,SUN Lixin,ZHANG Tianfu,et al.The study on sequence stratigraphy of coal-uranium bearing measures and occurrence regularity of coal-uranium in northeastern Ordos basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2016,90(12):3424-3440.
[13]陈印,冯晓曦,陈路路,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东北部直罗组内碎屑锆石和铀矿物赋存形式简析及其对铀源的指示[J].中国地质,2017,44(6):1190-1206.CHEN Yin,FENG Xiaoxi,CHEN Lulu,et al.An analysis of U-Pb dating of detrital zircons and modes of occurrence of uranium minerals in the Zhiluo Formation of northeastern Ordos basin and their indication to uranium sources[J].Geology in China,2017,44(6):1190-1206.
[14]杨俊杰,裴锡古.中国天然气地质学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996:3-20.
[15]郑荣才,彭军,吴朝容.陆相盆地基准面旋回的级次划分和研究意义[J].沉积学报,2001,19(2):249-255.ZHENG Rongcai,PENG Jun,WU Chaorong.Grade division of base 2 level cycles of terrigenous basin and its implications[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2001,19(2):249-255.
[16]杜斌山,贺振华,曹正林,等.地震地质多信息融合的井震标定方法研究[J].天然气地球科学,2009,20(2):254-257.DU Binshan,HE Zhenhua,CAO Zhenglin,et al.Well-to-seismic calibration method with multiple seismic geological information integrated[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2009,20(2):254-257.
[17]NESBITT H W,YOUNG G M.Early Proterozoic climates and plate motions inferred from major element chemistry of lutites[J].Nature,1982,299:715-717.
[18]张天福,孙立新,张云,等.鄂尔多斯盆地北缘侏罗纪延安组、直罗组泥岩微量元素、稀土元素地球化学特征及其古沉积环境意义[J].地质学报,2016,90(12):3454-3472.ZHANG Tianfu,SUN Lixin,ZHANG Yun,et al.Geochemical characteristics and paleo environmental implications of Jurassic Yan’an&Zhiluo Formation,northern margin of Ordos basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2016,90(12):3454-3472.
[19]齐靓,余文超,杜远生,等.黔东南华纪铁丝坳期-大塘坡期古气候的演变:来自CIA的证据[J].地质科技情报,2015,34(6):47-57.QI Liang,YU Wenchao,DU Yuansheng,et al.Paleoclimate evolution of the Cryogenian Tiesi’ao Formation-Datangpo Formation in eastern Guizhou Province:Evidence from the chemical index of alteration[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2015,34(6):47-57.
[20]MCLENNAN S M.Weathering and global denudation[J].The Journal of Geology,1993,101(2):295-303.