民用机场消防员应急保障能力研究
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摘要
为提高民用机场消防员应急保障能力,提升机场运行保障水平,需明确机场消防员应急保障能力的影响因素。根据专家访谈及文献查阅,筛选出了影响民用机场消防员应急保障能力的18个要素。通过问卷调查收集数据,利用SPSS 22. 0对数据进行信度分析、效度分析及因子分析,并构建假设模型。利用AMOS 24. 0软件对假设模型进行验证并确定各影响因素权重。结果表明,对民用机场消防员应急保障能力影响最大的是基础素质,然后依次是专业技能、专业知识、处境意识。最后在B机场选取两组消防员进行实测,试验组消防员应急演练的综合评价成绩为3. 792,对照组的成绩为3. 413。此外试验组消防员各项能力的评价水平均高于对照组,这表明模型在提升机场消防员的应急保障能力方面可发挥重要作用。
In order to promote the emergency support service of the civil airport,it's necessary to uphold the rescue capability ofcivil airport firefighters. These factors influencing firefighters' rescue capability should be pondered. And according to expert interviews and review literature,eighteen influencing factors were picked up,for instance,the physical fitness,the psychological quality,the basic technical know-how on the fire-fighting protection,and etc. A questionnaire by using the said eighteen factors was established and its reliability and validity was analyzed via the software known as SPSS 22. 0. Through factor rotation and transformation,these factors were classified into the four aspects of emergency rescue capability,that is,the basic quality,the professional skills,the professional knowledge and the situational awareness. With the help of the AMOS 24. 0,the hypothesis model was verified,and the standardized path coefficients of the four aspects of emergency rescue capability were determined to0. 3/0. 26/0. 24/0. 20,respectively. This implied the correlation between each of the aspects and the emergency rescue capability of the firefighters. The greatest influence on their rescue capability was the basic quality of firefighters,followed by professional skills,professional knowledge,and the situational awareness.Besides,the basic quality has a significant positive impact on professional skills and situational awareness,though its impacts may not be significant on the professional knowledge. And the professional knowledge has a significant positive impact on the professional skills and the situational awareness,though there may not exist significant positive between the professional skill and the situational awareness. Finally,two sample sets of firefighters from B international airport in North-China were chosen for actual measurement. The results were that the comprehensive evaluation score of the firefighting drills in the experimental group tend to be 3. 792,and those in the control group was3. 413. In addition,the evaluation scores of individual ability of firefighters in the experimental group tend to be higher than that of the control group. This can be seen that the model can be significant in improving the emergency rescue capabilities of civil airport firefighters.
In order to promote the emergency support service of the civil airport,it's necessary to uphold the rescue capability ofcivil airport firefighters. These factors influencing firefighters' rescue capability should be pondered. And according to expert interviews and review literature,eighteen influencing factors were picked up,for instance,the physical fitness,the psychological quality,the basic technical know-how on the fire-fighting protection,and etc. A questionnaire by using the said eighteen factors was established and its reliability and validity was analyzed via the software known as SPSS 22. 0. Through factor rotation and transformation,these factors were classified into the four aspects of emergency rescue capability,that is,the basic quality,the professional skills,the professional knowledge and the situational awareness. With the help of the AMOS 24. 0,the hypothesis model was verified,and the standardized path coefficients of the four aspects of emergency rescue capability were determined to0. 3/0. 26/0. 24/0. 20,respectively. This implied the correlation between each of the aspects and the emergency rescue capability of the firefighters. The greatest influence on their rescue capability was the basic quality of firefighters,followed by professional skills,professional knowledge,and the situational awareness.Besides,the basic quality has a significant positive impact on professional skills and situational awareness,though its impacts may not be significant on the professional knowledge. And the professional knowledge has a significant positive impact on the professional skills and the situational awareness,though there may not exist significant positive between the professional skill and the situational awareness. Finally,two sample sets of firefighters from B international airport in North-China were chosen for actual measurement. The results were that the comprehensive evaluation score of the firefighting drills in the experimental group tend to be 3. 792,and those in the control group was3. 413. In addition,the evaluation scores of individual ability of firefighters in the experimental group tend to be higher than that of the control group. This can be seen that the model can be significant in improving the emergency rescue capabilities of civil airport firefighters.
引文
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[13] FU Gui(傅贵),WU Qiong(吴琼),LI Ya(李亚),etal. Discussion and justification of the assessment meth-ods of the unsafe acts and the unsafe conditions[J].Journal of Safety and Environment(安全与环境学报),2017,17(3):994-998.
[14] DU Hongbing(杜红兵),ZHANG Qingqing(张庆庆),CHEN Chen(陈晨). Occupant evacuation simulationmodel during civil aircraft emergency[J]. Journal ofSouthwest Jiaotong University(西南交通大学学报),2016,51(1):161-167.
[15] ZHANG Xue(张雪),CHI Hong(池宏),LIU Bolun(刘博伦). Team ability assessment method in emergency man-agement utilizing item response model[J]. ManagementReview(管理评论),2014,26(4):93-100.
[16] ZHANG Junbo(张俊波). An analysis of the effect offiremen’s psychological stress on fire fighting and rescueoperations and its countermeasures[J]. Chemical Engi-neering&Equipment(化学工程与装备),2015(8):252-254.
[17] LI Dongjiang(李东江). Talking about ways to improvefirefighters’ emergency rescue ability[J]. Journal ofChinese People’s Armed Police Force Academy(武警学院学报),2012,28(2):29-30.
[18] WANG Lin(王林). Analysis of causes of casualty anddeath caused by fire and rescue[C]//2015 China FireProtection Association Science and Technology AnnualConference Proceedings(2015中国消防协会科学技术年会论文集). Beijing:China Fire Protection Associa-tion,2015:678-680.
[19] DU Hongbing(杜红兵),YU Xiaofang(于晓芳),GAODalei(高大磊). Analysis on decision-making ability offire commander in civil airport[J]. Journal of SafetyScience and Technology(中国安全生产科学技术),2017,13(12):79-84.
[20] DONG Ning(董宁). Study on safety management of fireforces in emergence rescue[J]. Journal of Safety Scienceand Technology(中国安全生产科学技术),2012,8(1):164-167.
[21] WU Haidong(武海东). The construction of evaluationindicator system of library reader satisfaction with struc-ture equation modeling[J]. Information Science(情报科学),2011,29(2):227-230.
[2] LIU Yi(刘奕),XU Wei(许伟),QIAO Han(乔晗),etal. Emergency management method research progresspreface[J]. Management Review(管理评论),2016,28(8):3-5.
[3] FORTNEY J. Aircraft rescue and firefighting[M]. Still-water,Oklahoma:Oklahoma State University,2008.
[4] HAMMAD K S,ARBON P,GEBBIE K M. Emergencynurses and disaster response:an exploration of South Aus-tralian emergency nurses’knowledge and perceptions oftheir roles in disaster response[J]. Australasian Emergen-cy Nursing Journal,2011,14(2):87-94.
[5] SHI Xiang(石祥),QIU Hua(邱华). Analysis of fire-mans safety situation in fire fighting and its countermeas-ure[J]. China Safety Science Journal(中国安全科学学报),2010,20(5):114-119.
[6] ZHANG Jiangshi(张江石),FU Gui(傅贵),CHEN Na(陈娜),et al. Experimental study on the miners’emer-gency handling ability[J]. Journal of China Coal Society(煤炭学报),2012,37(2):290-294.
[7] LUO Fan(罗帆),SHE Lian(佘廉),PING Yun(平芸). On a forewarning management system for civil avia-tion airport disasters in China[J]. Journal of Wuhan Uni-versity of Technology Information&Management Engineer-ing(武汉理工大学学报:信息与管理工程版),2002,24(6):41-44.
[8] YUAN Yafei(袁亚飞). Research on the core competencyof emergency commanding officers in civil airport(民用机场应急指挥人员关键能力探究)[D]. Tianjin:CivilAviation University of China,2017.
[9] ADINI B,GOLDBERG A,LAOR D,et al. Assessinglevels of hospital emergency preparedness[J]. Prehospitaland Disaster Medicine,2006,21(6):451-457.
[10] LI Hongxia(李红霞),XUE Jianwen(薛建文),ZHANGHeng(张恒). Correlation between the safety environmentand would-be accidents in the coal mining practice[J].Journal of Safety and Environment(安全与环境学报),2015,15(3):163-164.
[11] LIAO Huimin(廖慧敏),WU Chao(吴超),ZHANGDifeng(张弟丰). Cognitive and physiological reaction inthe fire situations for optimizing the fire-risk evacuationsignage of the buildings[J]. Journal of Safety and Envi-ronment(安全与环境学报),2018,18(1):205-210.
[12] ZHU Xinyan(朱新艳),LUO Fan(罗帆). Study onmechanism optimization of joint emergency response toaviation calamities in China[J]. China Safety ScienceJournal(中国安全科学学报),2007,17(6):6-11.
[13] FU Gui(傅贵),WU Qiong(吴琼),LI Ya(李亚),etal. Discussion and justification of the assessment meth-ods of the unsafe acts and the unsafe conditions[J].Journal of Safety and Environment(安全与环境学报),2017,17(3):994-998.
[14] DU Hongbing(杜红兵),ZHANG Qingqing(张庆庆),CHEN Chen(陈晨). Occupant evacuation simulationmodel during civil aircraft emergency[J]. Journal ofSouthwest Jiaotong University(西南交通大学学报),2016,51(1):161-167.
[15] ZHANG Xue(张雪),CHI Hong(池宏),LIU Bolun(刘博伦). Team ability assessment method in emergency man-agement utilizing item response model[J]. ManagementReview(管理评论),2014,26(4):93-100.
[16] ZHANG Junbo(张俊波). An analysis of the effect offiremen’s psychological stress on fire fighting and rescueoperations and its countermeasures[J]. Chemical Engi-neering&Equipment(化学工程与装备),2015(8):252-254.
[17] LI Dongjiang(李东江). Talking about ways to improvefirefighters’ emergency rescue ability[J]. Journal ofChinese People’s Armed Police Force Academy(武警学院学报),2012,28(2):29-30.
[18] WANG Lin(王林). Analysis of causes of casualty anddeath caused by fire and rescue[C]//2015 China FireProtection Association Science and Technology AnnualConference Proceedings(2015中国消防协会科学技术年会论文集). Beijing:China Fire Protection Associa-tion,2015:678-680.
[19] DU Hongbing(杜红兵),YU Xiaofang(于晓芳),GAODalei(高大磊). Analysis on decision-making ability offire commander in civil airport[J]. Journal of SafetyScience and Technology(中国安全生产科学技术),2017,13(12):79-84.
[20] DONG Ning(董宁). Study on safety management of fireforces in emergence rescue[J]. Journal of Safety Scienceand Technology(中国安全生产科学技术),2012,8(1):164-167.
[21] WU Haidong(武海东). The construction of evaluationindicator system of library reader satisfaction with struc-ture equation modeling[J]. Information Science(情报科学),2011,29(2):227-230.