基于T型逆变器的APF故障诊断与容错控制
|
摘要
逆变器是有源电力滤波器(activepowerfilter,APF)的核心部件,是保证APF稳定运行的基础。T型逆变器具有电路损耗低、输出波形畸变率低等优点,正获得越来越广泛的应用。该文分析T型三电平逆变器功率器件开路故障后的运行状态,通过空间矢量脉宽调制(spacevectorpulse widthmodulation,SVPWM)和逆变器输出电流完成逆变器功率器件开路故障诊断。结合APF的运行特点,利用T型三电平逆变器拓扑冗余和三电平SVPWM的矢量冗余及矢量合成分别提出1种垂直桥臂器件故障容错运行策略和2种水平桥臂容错运行策略。搭建仿真模型及实验平台对提出的容错策略进行验证,仿真和实验结果证明了该容错策略算法的有效性。
Inverter is an important equipment to improve power quality. The inverter is the core component of active power filter(APF), which is the basis of ensuring the stable operation of the APF. The T-type three-level inverter has been widely used in active power filter because of its advantages of low circuit loss and low distortion. In this paper, the operation state of open-circuit fault in power device of T-type three-level inverter was analyzed, space vector pulse width modulation(SVPWM) and the output current of inverter were used to detect the open-circuit fault of power device in the inverter. Combined with the operating characteristics of APF, the redundancy of T-type three-level inverter topology and three-level SVPWM and vector synthesis were used to propose one kind of fault-tolerant operation strategy for switch device in vertical bridge arm and two kinds of fault-tolerant operation strategy for switch device in horizontal bridge arm, respectively. Finally, the simulation model and the experimental platform were established to verify the proposed fault-tolerance strategy. The results of the simulation and experiments proved the effectiveness of the fault-tolerance strategy.
Inverter is an important equipment to improve power quality. The inverter is the core component of active power filter(APF), which is the basis of ensuring the stable operation of the APF. The T-type three-level inverter has been widely used in active power filter because of its advantages of low circuit loss and low distortion. In this paper, the operation state of open-circuit fault in power device of T-type three-level inverter was analyzed, space vector pulse width modulation(SVPWM) and the output current of inverter were used to detect the open-circuit fault of power device in the inverter. Combined with the operating characteristics of APF, the redundancy of T-type three-level inverter topology and three-level SVPWM and vector synthesis were used to propose one kind of fault-tolerant operation strategy for switch device in vertical bridge arm and two kinds of fault-tolerant operation strategy for switch device in horizontal bridge arm, respectively. Finally, the simulation model and the experimental platform were established to verify the proposed fault-tolerance strategy. The results of the simulation and experiments proved the effectiveness of the fault-tolerance strategy.
引文
[1]乔鸣忠,夏益辉,梁京辉,等.基于重复-PI的复合控制应用于并联有源滤波器研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(14):54-59.Qiao Mingzhong,Xia Yihui,Liang Jinghui,et al.Research on PI control based compound controller applying to shunt active filter[J].Power System Protection and Control,2013,41(14):54-59(in Chinese).
[2]徐殿国,刘晓峰,于泳.变频器故障诊断及容错控制研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(21):1-12.Xu Dianguo,Liu Xiaofeng,Yu Yong.A survery on fault diagnosis and tolerant control of inverters[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(21):1-12(in Chinese).
[3]邢相洋,陈阿莲,张子成,等.并联T型三电平逆变器环流抑制和中点平衡研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(14):3909-3919.Xing Xiangyang,Chen Alian,Zhang Zicheng,et al.Investigation of circulating currents suppression and neutral point balancing in parallel three-level T-type inverters[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(14):3909-3919(in Chinese).
[4]杭俊,张建忠,程明,等.基于线电压误差的永磁直驱风电系统变流器开路故障诊断[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(10):2933-2943.Hang Jun,Zhang Jianzhong,Cheng Ming,et al.Fault diagnosis of open-circuit faults in converters of direct-driven permanent magnet wind power generation systems based on line voltage errors[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(10):2933-2943(in Chinese).
[5]赏吴俊,何正友,胡海涛,等.基于IGBT输出功率的逆变器开路故障诊断方法[J].电网技术,2013,37(4):1140-1145.Shang Wujun,He Zhengyou,Hu Haitao,et al.An IGBToutput power-based diagnosis of open-circuit fault in inverter[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(4):1140-1145(in Chinese).
[6]Mendes A M S,Marques A J.Voltage source inverter fault diagnosis invariable speed AC drives,by the average current park’s vectorapproach[C]//IEMDC’99,Washington,USA,1999:704-706.
[7]于泳,蒋生成,杨荣峰,等.变频器IGBT开路故障诊断方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(9):30-35.Yu Yong,Jiang Shengcheng,Yang Rongfeng,et al.IGBTopen circuit fault diagnosis method for inverter[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(9):30-35(in Chinese).
[8]杨忠林,吴正国,李辉.基于直流侧电流检测的逆变器开路故障诊断方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(27):18-22.Yang Zhonglin,Wu Zhengguo,Li Hui.Inverter fault diagnose based on detecting DC side current[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(27):18-22(in Chinese).
[9]汤清泉,颜世超,卢松升,等.三电平逆变器的功率管开路故障诊断[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(21):26-32.Tang Qingquan,Yan Shichao,Lu Songsheng,et al.Open-circuit fault diagnosis of transistor in three-level inverter[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(21):26-32(in Chinese).
[10]周京华,刘辉臣,姚兰亚,等.三电平大功率变频器故障特征及诊断方法研究[J].电力电子技术,2009,43(6):1-3.Zhou Jinghua,Liu Huichen,Yao Lanya,et al.Research on the faults characteristics and the fault diagnosis methods of three-level high-power inverter[J].Power Electronics,2009,43(6):1-3(in Chinese).
[11]陈丹江,叶银忠,华容.基于波形实时分析的动车组三电平逆变器故障诊断技术[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(6):106-113.Chen Danjiang,Ye Yinzhong,Hua Rong.Fault diagnosis for three-level inverter of CRH based on real-time waveform analysis[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(6):106-113(in Chinese).
[12]Xu S,Zhang J,Hang J.Investigation of a fault-tolerant three-level T-type inverter system[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2017,53(5):4613-4623.
[13]董伟杰,白晓民,朱宁辉,等.电力有源滤波器故障诊断与容错控制研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(18):65-72.Dong Weijie,Bai Xiaomin,Zhu Ninghui,et al.Research on fault diagnosis and fault tolerant control of active power filters[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(18):65-72(in Chinese).
[14]谭兴国,王辉,张黎,等.容错型三相四开关有源电力滤波器及其控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(18):99-104.Tan Xingguo,Wang Hui,Zhang Li,et al.Fault-tolerant active power filter based on three phase four-switch topology and its control strategy[J].Automation of Electric Power System,2014,28(18):99-104(in Chinese).
[15]安群涛,孙醒涛,赵克,等.容错三相四开关逆变器控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(3):14-20.An Quntao,Sun Xingtao,Zhao Ke,et al.Control strategy for fault-tolerant three-phase four-switch inverters[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(3):14-20(in Chinese).
[16]Ceballos S,Pou J,Robles E,et al.Three-level converter topologies with switch breakdown fault-tolerance capability[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2008,55(3):982-995.
[17]Ceballos S,Pou J,Zaragoza J,et al.Fault-tolerant neutral-point-clamped converter solutions based on including a fourth resonant leg[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2011,58(6):2293-2303.
[18]徐帅,张建忠.多电平电压源型逆变器的容错技术综述[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(21):39-50.Xu Shuai,Zhang Jianzhong.Overview of fault-tolerant techniques for multilevel voltage source inverters[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(21):39-50(in Chinese).
[19]Choi U M,Blaabjerg F,Lee K B.Reliability improvement of a T-type three-level inverter with fault-tolerant control strategy[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2015,30(5):2660-2673.
[20]Chen J,Chen A,Xing X,et al.Fault-tolerant control strategy for T-type three-level inverter with neutral-point voltage balancing[C]//Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition.IEEE,2017:3420-3425.
[21]Lee J S,Lee K B.An open-switch fault detection method and tolerance controls based on SVM in a grid-connected T-type rectifier with unity power factor[J].IEEETransactions on Industrial Electronics,2014,61(12):7092-7104.
[22]Choi U M,Lee K B,Blaabjerg F.Diagnosis and tolerant strategy of an open-switch fault for T-type three-level inverter systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2014,50(1):495-508.
[23]姚修远,吴学智,杜宇鹏,等.T型中点钳位三电平逆变器的零电流转换软开关技术[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(23):179-188.Yao Xiuyuan,Wu Xuezhi,Du Yupeng,et al.The zero-current-transition soft-switching technique for T-type neutral-point-clamped inverter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(23):179-188(in Chinese).
[24]王全东,常天庆,李方正,等.T型逆变器的共模干扰与共模电压抑制算法[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(23):159-168.Wang Quandong,Chang Tianqing,Li Fangzheng,et al.Common mode interference and common mode voltage suppression algorithm of T-shaped inverter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(23):159-168(in Chinese).
[25]张国荣,蒋继勇,吴飞.一种基于空间矢量的APF直流侧电容电压设计和优化方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(18):1-7.Zhang Guorong,Jiang Jiyong,Wu Fei.A design and optimization method of value of DC-side voltage for APFbased on space vector[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(18):1-7(in Chinese).
[26]李国华,汪玉凤,高小朋,等.基于滞环SVPWM的有源电力滤波器故障容错方法[J].电网技术,2014,38(5):1317-1321.Li Guohu,Wang Yufeng,Gao Xiaopeng,et al.Afault-tolerance method for hysteresis SVPWM based active power filter[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(5):1317-1321(in Chinese).
[27]Schweizer M,Kolar J W.Design and implementation of a highly efficient three-level T-type converter for low-voltage applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2012,28(2):899-907.
[2]徐殿国,刘晓峰,于泳.变频器故障诊断及容错控制研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(21):1-12.Xu Dianguo,Liu Xiaofeng,Yu Yong.A survery on fault diagnosis and tolerant control of inverters[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(21):1-12(in Chinese).
[3]邢相洋,陈阿莲,张子成,等.并联T型三电平逆变器环流抑制和中点平衡研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(14):3909-3919.Xing Xiangyang,Chen Alian,Zhang Zicheng,et al.Investigation of circulating currents suppression and neutral point balancing in parallel three-level T-type inverters[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(14):3909-3919(in Chinese).
[4]杭俊,张建忠,程明,等.基于线电压误差的永磁直驱风电系统变流器开路故障诊断[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(10):2933-2943.Hang Jun,Zhang Jianzhong,Cheng Ming,et al.Fault diagnosis of open-circuit faults in converters of direct-driven permanent magnet wind power generation systems based on line voltage errors[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(10):2933-2943(in Chinese).
[5]赏吴俊,何正友,胡海涛,等.基于IGBT输出功率的逆变器开路故障诊断方法[J].电网技术,2013,37(4):1140-1145.Shang Wujun,He Zhengyou,Hu Haitao,et al.An IGBToutput power-based diagnosis of open-circuit fault in inverter[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(4):1140-1145(in Chinese).
[6]Mendes A M S,Marques A J.Voltage source inverter fault diagnosis invariable speed AC drives,by the average current park’s vectorapproach[C]//IEMDC’99,Washington,USA,1999:704-706.
[7]于泳,蒋生成,杨荣峰,等.变频器IGBT开路故障诊断方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(9):30-35.Yu Yong,Jiang Shengcheng,Yang Rongfeng,et al.IGBTopen circuit fault diagnosis method for inverter[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(9):30-35(in Chinese).
[8]杨忠林,吴正国,李辉.基于直流侧电流检测的逆变器开路故障诊断方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(27):18-22.Yang Zhonglin,Wu Zhengguo,Li Hui.Inverter fault diagnose based on detecting DC side current[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(27):18-22(in Chinese).
[9]汤清泉,颜世超,卢松升,等.三电平逆变器的功率管开路故障诊断[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(21):26-32.Tang Qingquan,Yan Shichao,Lu Songsheng,et al.Open-circuit fault diagnosis of transistor in three-level inverter[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(21):26-32(in Chinese).
[10]周京华,刘辉臣,姚兰亚,等.三电平大功率变频器故障特征及诊断方法研究[J].电力电子技术,2009,43(6):1-3.Zhou Jinghua,Liu Huichen,Yao Lanya,et al.Research on the faults characteristics and the fault diagnosis methods of three-level high-power inverter[J].Power Electronics,2009,43(6):1-3(in Chinese).
[11]陈丹江,叶银忠,华容.基于波形实时分析的动车组三电平逆变器故障诊断技术[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(6):106-113.Chen Danjiang,Ye Yinzhong,Hua Rong.Fault diagnosis for three-level inverter of CRH based on real-time waveform analysis[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(6):106-113(in Chinese).
[12]Xu S,Zhang J,Hang J.Investigation of a fault-tolerant three-level T-type inverter system[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2017,53(5):4613-4623.
[13]董伟杰,白晓民,朱宁辉,等.电力有源滤波器故障诊断与容错控制研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(18):65-72.Dong Weijie,Bai Xiaomin,Zhu Ninghui,et al.Research on fault diagnosis and fault tolerant control of active power filters[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(18):65-72(in Chinese).
[14]谭兴国,王辉,张黎,等.容错型三相四开关有源电力滤波器及其控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(18):99-104.Tan Xingguo,Wang Hui,Zhang Li,et al.Fault-tolerant active power filter based on three phase four-switch topology and its control strategy[J].Automation of Electric Power System,2014,28(18):99-104(in Chinese).
[15]安群涛,孙醒涛,赵克,等.容错三相四开关逆变器控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(3):14-20.An Quntao,Sun Xingtao,Zhao Ke,et al.Control strategy for fault-tolerant three-phase four-switch inverters[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(3):14-20(in Chinese).
[16]Ceballos S,Pou J,Robles E,et al.Three-level converter topologies with switch breakdown fault-tolerance capability[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2008,55(3):982-995.
[17]Ceballos S,Pou J,Zaragoza J,et al.Fault-tolerant neutral-point-clamped converter solutions based on including a fourth resonant leg[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2011,58(6):2293-2303.
[18]徐帅,张建忠.多电平电压源型逆变器的容错技术综述[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(21):39-50.Xu Shuai,Zhang Jianzhong.Overview of fault-tolerant techniques for multilevel voltage source inverters[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(21):39-50(in Chinese).
[19]Choi U M,Blaabjerg F,Lee K B.Reliability improvement of a T-type three-level inverter with fault-tolerant control strategy[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2015,30(5):2660-2673.
[20]Chen J,Chen A,Xing X,et al.Fault-tolerant control strategy for T-type three-level inverter with neutral-point voltage balancing[C]//Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition.IEEE,2017:3420-3425.
[21]Lee J S,Lee K B.An open-switch fault detection method and tolerance controls based on SVM in a grid-connected T-type rectifier with unity power factor[J].IEEETransactions on Industrial Electronics,2014,61(12):7092-7104.
[22]Choi U M,Lee K B,Blaabjerg F.Diagnosis and tolerant strategy of an open-switch fault for T-type three-level inverter systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2014,50(1):495-508.
[23]姚修远,吴学智,杜宇鹏,等.T型中点钳位三电平逆变器的零电流转换软开关技术[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(23):179-188.Yao Xiuyuan,Wu Xuezhi,Du Yupeng,et al.The zero-current-transition soft-switching technique for T-type neutral-point-clamped inverter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(23):179-188(in Chinese).
[24]王全东,常天庆,李方正,等.T型逆变器的共模干扰与共模电压抑制算法[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(23):159-168.Wang Quandong,Chang Tianqing,Li Fangzheng,et al.Common mode interference and common mode voltage suppression algorithm of T-shaped inverter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(23):159-168(in Chinese).
[25]张国荣,蒋继勇,吴飞.一种基于空间矢量的APF直流侧电容电压设计和优化方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(18):1-7.Zhang Guorong,Jiang Jiyong,Wu Fei.A design and optimization method of value of DC-side voltage for APFbased on space vector[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(18):1-7(in Chinese).
[26]李国华,汪玉凤,高小朋,等.基于滞环SVPWM的有源电力滤波器故障容错方法[J].电网技术,2014,38(5):1317-1321.Li Guohu,Wang Yufeng,Gao Xiaopeng,et al.Afault-tolerance method for hysteresis SVPWM based active power filter[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(5):1317-1321(in Chinese).
[27]Schweizer M,Kolar J W.Design and implementation of a highly efficient three-level T-type converter for low-voltage applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2012,28(2):899-907.