滆湖氮污染双同位素溯源与清单统计法对比研究
|
摘要
滆湖位于我国江苏省,湖区主要涉及常州市的武进区、金坛区以及无锡市的宜兴市。密集的人口和发达的工农业造成滆湖水体中的氮素污染严重,污染来源复杂。因此亟待识别水体中的氮素污染来源,为氮素污染治理提供数据参考。本研究以生活污水、化学肥料及工业废水为硝态氮端元,借助氮氧同位素端元混合模型计算出滆湖区域生活污水、化学肥料及工业废水对滆湖硝态氮污染负荷贡献率,分别为22.79%、33.25%、43.96%。同时本研究针对2013年整年滆湖区域调研数据,利用清单统计法,从宏观上量化了一整年3种来源硝态氮负荷贡献量的绝对值,并推算出相对值,分别为42.09%、48.11%、9.80%。两种方法以互补的方式对不同时间尺度上滆湖硝态氮污染负荷进行了表征,为滆湖硝态氮污染的治理提供了科学参考。
Gehu Lake, which water system consists of Jintan and Wujin districts, Changzhou and Yixing cities, located at Jiangsu Province in East China. The dense population and well-developed industry and agriculture have led to heavy nitrogen pollution with complex nitrogen sources in Gehu Lake. Therefore, it is necessary to distinguish the contributions of each nitrogen source for nitrogen pollution control. In this study, domestic sewage, fertilizer and industrial waste water were employed as nitrogen end members. The end-member mixing model of nitrogen and oxygen isotopes showed that nitrogen contributions from sewage, fertilizer and industrial waste water were 22.79%, 33.25%, and 43.96%, respectively. Meanwhile, the budget analysis on government statistical data and quantified the absolute nitrogen load of different sources in 2013 disclosed that nitrogen contributions were 42.09%, 48.11% and 9.80%, respectively. These two methods characterize nitrogen contributions from sewage, fertilizer and industrial waste water in Gehu Lake at different time scales and provide scientific references for nitrogen pollution remediation.
Gehu Lake, which water system consists of Jintan and Wujin districts, Changzhou and Yixing cities, located at Jiangsu Province in East China. The dense population and well-developed industry and agriculture have led to heavy nitrogen pollution with complex nitrogen sources in Gehu Lake. Therefore, it is necessary to distinguish the contributions of each nitrogen source for nitrogen pollution control. In this study, domestic sewage, fertilizer and industrial waste water were employed as nitrogen end members. The end-member mixing model of nitrogen and oxygen isotopes showed that nitrogen contributions from sewage, fertilizer and industrial waste water were 22.79%, 33.25%, and 43.96%, respectively. Meanwhile, the budget analysis on government statistical data and quantified the absolute nitrogen load of different sources in 2013 disclosed that nitrogen contributions were 42.09%, 48.11% and 9.80%, respectively. These two methods characterize nitrogen contributions from sewage, fertilizer and industrial waste water in Gehu Lake at different time scales and provide scientific references for nitrogen pollution remediation.
引文
[1]汪院生.滆湖水环境演变及其原因分析[J].水利规划与设计,2013(8):37–40
[2]张文艺,刘明元,罗鑫,等.水环境与水生态[J].中国农村水利水电,2012.9(47/48/49/50):1007–2284
[3]杨寅群.流域水环境系统模型研究及其应用[D].武汉:武汉大学,2012
[4]国家环境保护总局.中华人民共和国地表水环境质量标准(GB 3838-2002)[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2002
[5]夏舒燕.论太湖流域水污染的综合治理[D].江苏苏州:苏州大学.北京:中国标准出版社,2012
[6]吴云波,郑建平.滆湖入湖污染物控制对策研究[J].环境科技,2010,23(A01):12–14
[7]陈沛沛.黄河下游与长江流域营养盐变化规律的研究[D].山东青岛:中国海洋大学,2012
[8]韩梅,周小平,程媛华,等.环太湖主要河流氮素组成特征及来源[J].环境科学研究,2014,27(12):1450–1457
[9]沃飞,陈效民,吴华山,等.太湖地区农田水环境中氮和磷时空变异的研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2007.15(6):30–34
[10]姜滢,王子博,尤悦文,等.苏州市农业面源污染源强解析与评价[J].农业资源与环境学报,2015,32(4):363–369
[11]彭兆弟,李胜生,刘庄,等.太湖流域跨界区农业面源污染特征[J].生态与农村环境学报,2016,32(3):458–465
[12]李翠梅,张绍广,姚文平,等.太湖流域苏州片区农业面源污染负荷研究[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(3):354-359
[13]邢萌,刘卫国.沪河,灞河硝酸盐端元贡献比例——基于硝酸盐氮,氧同位素研究[J].地球环境学报,2016,7(1):27–36
[14]王俊杰.沈阳浑河傍河区域地下水氮素污染研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2013
[15]Aravena R,Evans M,Cherry J A.Stable isotopes of oxygen and nitrogen in source identification of nitrate from septic systems[J].Ground Water,1993,31(2):180–186
[16]Amberger A,Schmidt H L.Naturliche isotopengehalte von Nitrat als Indikatoren für dessen Herkunft[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1987,51(10):2699–2705
[17]Heaton TH.Isotopic studies of nitrogen pollution in the hydrosphere and atmosphere:A review[J].Chemical Geology:Isotope Geoscience Section,1986,59:87–102
[18]李力,任斐鹏,王志刚,等.利用氮稳定同位素识别农业面源污染源的研究进展[J].长江科学院院报,2014,31(7):21–28
[19]Silva S,Kendall C,Wilkison D,et al.A new method for collection of nitrate from fresh water and the analysis of nitrogen and oxygen isotope ratios[J].Journal of Hydrology,2000.228(1):22–36
[20]颜润润,晁建颖,张磊,等.太湖流域江苏片区工业源污染负荷研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2012(3):39-43
[21]孙卫红,程炜,崔云霞,等.太湖流域主要入湖河流水环境综合整治[J].中国资源综合利用,2009,27(11):39–42
[22]全国污染源普查水产养殖业污染源产排污系数测算项目组.第一次全国污染源普查水产养殖业污染源产排污系数手册[Z].2009
[23]张翠云,王昭,程旭学.张掖市地下水硝酸盐污染源的氮同位素研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2004,18(1):79–85
[24]Wassenaar L I.Evaluation of the origin and fate of nitrate in the Abbotsford Aquifer using the isotopes of 15N and 18O in NO–3[J].Applied Geochemistry,1995,10(4):391–405
[25]肖化云,刘丛强.氮同位素示踪贵州红枫湖河流季节性氮污染[J].地球与环境,2004,32(1):71–75
[26]任玉芬,贺成武,王效科,等.氮氧同位素在城市地表水硝酸盐来源解析的应用进展[J].Advances in Geosciences,2012,02(4):183–186
[27]Hollocher T C.Source of the oxygen atoms of nitrate in the oxidation of nitrite by Nitrobacter agilis and evidence against a P-O-N anhydride mechanism in oxidative phosphorylation[J].Archives of biochemistry and biophysics,1984,233(2):721–727
[28]徐志伟,张心昱,于贵瑞,等.中国水体硝酸盐氮氧双稳定同位素溯源研究进展[J].环境科学,2014,35(8):3230–3238
[29]Kendall C.Tracing nitrogen sources and cycling in catchments[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier,1998:519–576
[30]张维理.中国农业面源污染形势估计及控制对策I.21世纪初期中国农业面源污染的形势估计[J].中国农业科学,2004,37(7):1009–1009
[31]陈贵,施卫明,赵国华,等.太湖地区主栽高产水稻品种对土壤和肥料氮的利用特性研究[J].土壤,2016,48(2):241–247
[32]李忠芳,娄翼来,李慧,等.长期施肥下我国南方不同轮作制度水稻的高产稳产性分析[J].土壤,2015,47(5):830–835
[33]赵伟,梁斌,周建斌.施入15N标记氮肥在长期不同培肥土壤的残留及其利用[J].土壤学报,2015,52(3):587–596
[34]王敬,程谊,蔡祖聪,等.长期施肥对农田土壤氮素关键转化过程的影响[J].土壤学报,2016,53(2):292–304
[35]崔键,马友华,赵艳萍,等.农业面源污染的特性及防治对策[J].中国农学通报,2006,22(1):335–340
[36]陆宏鑫,吕伟娅,严成银,等.太湖流域农业面源污染防治研究现状与展望[J].西南给排水,2013(3):42–47
[37]洪燕婷,仇蕾.太湖流域农业面源污染防控措施研究分析[J].环境科技,2015,28(3):17–21
[38]严成银,吕伟娅,李蒙正,等.太湖流域农业面源污染及控制技术[J].农技服务,2013(1):76–78
[2]张文艺,刘明元,罗鑫,等.水环境与水生态[J].中国农村水利水电,2012.9(47/48/49/50):1007–2284
[3]杨寅群.流域水环境系统模型研究及其应用[D].武汉:武汉大学,2012
[4]国家环境保护总局.中华人民共和国地表水环境质量标准(GB 3838-2002)[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2002
[5]夏舒燕.论太湖流域水污染的综合治理[D].江苏苏州:苏州大学.北京:中国标准出版社,2012
[6]吴云波,郑建平.滆湖入湖污染物控制对策研究[J].环境科技,2010,23(A01):12–14
[7]陈沛沛.黄河下游与长江流域营养盐变化规律的研究[D].山东青岛:中国海洋大学,2012
[8]韩梅,周小平,程媛华,等.环太湖主要河流氮素组成特征及来源[J].环境科学研究,2014,27(12):1450–1457
[9]沃飞,陈效民,吴华山,等.太湖地区农田水环境中氮和磷时空变异的研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2007.15(6):30–34
[10]姜滢,王子博,尤悦文,等.苏州市农业面源污染源强解析与评价[J].农业资源与环境学报,2015,32(4):363–369
[11]彭兆弟,李胜生,刘庄,等.太湖流域跨界区农业面源污染特征[J].生态与农村环境学报,2016,32(3):458–465
[12]李翠梅,张绍广,姚文平,等.太湖流域苏州片区农业面源污染负荷研究[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(3):354-359
[13]邢萌,刘卫国.沪河,灞河硝酸盐端元贡献比例——基于硝酸盐氮,氧同位素研究[J].地球环境学报,2016,7(1):27–36
[14]王俊杰.沈阳浑河傍河区域地下水氮素污染研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2013
[15]Aravena R,Evans M,Cherry J A.Stable isotopes of oxygen and nitrogen in source identification of nitrate from septic systems[J].Ground Water,1993,31(2):180–186
[16]Amberger A,Schmidt H L.Naturliche isotopengehalte von Nitrat als Indikatoren für dessen Herkunft[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1987,51(10):2699–2705
[17]Heaton TH.Isotopic studies of nitrogen pollution in the hydrosphere and atmosphere:A review[J].Chemical Geology:Isotope Geoscience Section,1986,59:87–102
[18]李力,任斐鹏,王志刚,等.利用氮稳定同位素识别农业面源污染源的研究进展[J].长江科学院院报,2014,31(7):21–28
[19]Silva S,Kendall C,Wilkison D,et al.A new method for collection of nitrate from fresh water and the analysis of nitrogen and oxygen isotope ratios[J].Journal of Hydrology,2000.228(1):22–36
[20]颜润润,晁建颖,张磊,等.太湖流域江苏片区工业源污染负荷研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2012(3):39-43
[21]孙卫红,程炜,崔云霞,等.太湖流域主要入湖河流水环境综合整治[J].中国资源综合利用,2009,27(11):39–42
[22]全国污染源普查水产养殖业污染源产排污系数测算项目组.第一次全国污染源普查水产养殖业污染源产排污系数手册[Z].2009
[23]张翠云,王昭,程旭学.张掖市地下水硝酸盐污染源的氮同位素研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2004,18(1):79–85
[24]Wassenaar L I.Evaluation of the origin and fate of nitrate in the Abbotsford Aquifer using the isotopes of 15N and 18O in NO–3[J].Applied Geochemistry,1995,10(4):391–405
[25]肖化云,刘丛强.氮同位素示踪贵州红枫湖河流季节性氮污染[J].地球与环境,2004,32(1):71–75
[26]任玉芬,贺成武,王效科,等.氮氧同位素在城市地表水硝酸盐来源解析的应用进展[J].Advances in Geosciences,2012,02(4):183–186
[27]Hollocher T C.Source of the oxygen atoms of nitrate in the oxidation of nitrite by Nitrobacter agilis and evidence against a P-O-N anhydride mechanism in oxidative phosphorylation[J].Archives of biochemistry and biophysics,1984,233(2):721–727
[28]徐志伟,张心昱,于贵瑞,等.中国水体硝酸盐氮氧双稳定同位素溯源研究进展[J].环境科学,2014,35(8):3230–3238
[29]Kendall C.Tracing nitrogen sources and cycling in catchments[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier,1998:519–576
[30]张维理.中国农业面源污染形势估计及控制对策I.21世纪初期中国农业面源污染的形势估计[J].中国农业科学,2004,37(7):1009–1009
[31]陈贵,施卫明,赵国华,等.太湖地区主栽高产水稻品种对土壤和肥料氮的利用特性研究[J].土壤,2016,48(2):241–247
[32]李忠芳,娄翼来,李慧,等.长期施肥下我国南方不同轮作制度水稻的高产稳产性分析[J].土壤,2015,47(5):830–835
[33]赵伟,梁斌,周建斌.施入15N标记氮肥在长期不同培肥土壤的残留及其利用[J].土壤学报,2015,52(3):587–596
[34]王敬,程谊,蔡祖聪,等.长期施肥对农田土壤氮素关键转化过程的影响[J].土壤学报,2016,53(2):292–304
[35]崔键,马友华,赵艳萍,等.农业面源污染的特性及防治对策[J].中国农学通报,2006,22(1):335–340
[36]陆宏鑫,吕伟娅,严成银,等.太湖流域农业面源污染防治研究现状与展望[J].西南给排水,2013(3):42–47
[37]洪燕婷,仇蕾.太湖流域农业面源污染防控措施研究分析[J].环境科技,2015,28(3):17–21
[38]严成银,吕伟娅,李蒙正,等.太湖流域农业面源污染及控制技术[J].农技服务,2013(1):76–78