戴褐臂金龟生物学特性与人工养殖初步研究
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摘要
【目的】记述戴褐臂金龟(Propomacrus davidi Deyrolle)的形态特征和生物学特性,并对其人工养殖进行初步研究。【方法】以野生戴褐臂金龟作为种源,子代为试验材料,观察并记录人工养殖过程,卵、幼虫、蛹和成虫的形态特征及生物学特性。【结果】戴褐臂金龟幼虫3龄末期体重约为8.0～12.0 g,其中雌性(8.373±0.604) g,雄性(11.566±0.411) g。卵期15～25 d;幼虫期雄性240～283 d,雌性238～267 d;蛹期24～30 d;成虫羽化至自然出土时间12～17 d。【结论】首次人工饲养繁殖戴褐臂金龟,明确其各虫态的形态特征和生物学特性,初步提出人工养殖的方法。
[Purpose]The bionomics and breeding of Propomacrus davidi Deyrolle were studied.[Method]We reported the discovery of the adults of P. davidi Deyrolle in their natural habitat, and the larvae were tested. The morphological characteristics and biological characteristics of eggs, larvae,pupa and adults were observed and recorded.[ Results] The third instar between 8.0 and 12.0 g(female 8.373±0.604, male 11.566±0.411); larvae hatched between 15 and 25 days; larvae duration between 240 and 283 days in male and 238 to 267 days in female; the pupal phase between 24 and 30 days; 12 to 17 days emergence.[Conclusion]P. davidi Deyrolle was the first artificial breeding, the morphological characteristics and biological characteristics of each insect state were described, and a method for artificial breeding was initially proposed.
[Purpose]The bionomics and breeding of Propomacrus davidi Deyrolle were studied.[Method]We reported the discovery of the adults of P. davidi Deyrolle in their natural habitat, and the larvae were tested. The morphological characteristics and biological characteristics of eggs, larvae,pupa and adults were observed and recorded.[ Results] The third instar between 8.0 and 12.0 g(female 8.373±0.604, male 11.566±0.411); larvae hatched between 15 and 25 days; larvae duration between 240 and 283 days in male and 238 to 267 days in female; the pupal phase between 24 and 30 days; 12 to 17 days emergence.[Conclusion]P. davidi Deyrolle was the first artificial breeding, the morphological characteristics and biological characteristics of each insect state were described, and a method for artificial breeding was initially proposed.
引文
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[11]易传辉,陈焱,和秋菊,等.格彩臂金龟(Cherirotonus gestroi Pouillaud)形态特征研究[J].西北林学院学报,2015,30(2):154.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2015.02.27.
[12]孙长海,王子微,胡春林.南京市分布的中国珍稀昆虫[J].江苏农业科学,2011(3):503.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-1302.2011.03.196.
[13]陈嶙,熊洪林,李治林,等.阳彩臂金龟形态及生活习性的初步观察[J].湖北农业科学,2016,55(10):2544.DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2016.10.023.
[14]SFENTHOURAKIS S,HADJICONSTANTIS M,MAKRIS C,et al.Revisiting the saproxylic beetle‘Propomacrus cypriacus Alexis&Makris,2002’(Coleoptera:Euchiridae)using molecular,morphological and ecological data[J].Journal of Natural History,2017,51(17/18):1021.DOI:10.1080/00222933.2017.1319521.
[15]SHAO L L,HUANG D Y,SUN X Y,et al.Complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Cheirotonus jansoni(Coleoptera:Scarabaeidae)[J].Genetics&Molecular Research,2014,13(1):1047.DOI:10.4238/2014.February.20.6.
[16]?íPEK P,JAN?TA P,KRáL D.Immature stages of Euchirinae(Coleoptera:Scarabaeoidea):genera Cheirotonus and Propomacrus with comments on their phylogeny based on larval and adult characters[J].Invertebrate Systematics,2011,25(4):282.DOI:10.1071/IS11028.
[2]吴珑,吴珍泉.福建地区褐臂金龟新亚种记录(鞘翅目,臂金龟科)[J].动物分类学报,2008,33(4):827.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-0739.2008.04.041.
[3]陈树椿.中国珍稀昆虫图鉴[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1999.
[4]JOHARCHI O,HALLIDAY B,BEYZAVI G.A new species of the genus Promacrolaelaps(Acari:Laelapidae)associated with Propomacrus bimucronatus(Pallas)(Coleoptera:Scarabaeidae)in Iran[J].Zootaxa,2013,3641(4):379.DOI:10.11646/zootaxa.3641.4.4.
[5]李成功,杨自忠,王音,等.云南省臂金龟科一新纪录种-阳彩臂金龟[J].四川动物,2016,35(4):563.
[6]万霞,崔俊芝,杨星科.锹甲的头部形态及常用分类特征[J].应用昆虫学报,2009,46(5):807.
[7]TANAHASHI M,MATSUSHITA N,TOGASHI K.Arestag beetles fungivorous[J].Journal of Insect Physiology,2009,55(11):983.DOI:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2009.07.002.2009,55(11):983.DOI:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2009.07.002.
[8]王成斌,雷朝亮.中国尤犀金龟属分类研究(鞘翅目,金龟科,犀金龟亚科)[J].动物分类学报,2009,34(2):346.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-0739.2009.02.027.
[9]易传辉,和秋菊,王琳,等.粗尤犀金龟生物学特性与人工养殖初步研究[J].西北林学院学报,2012,27(1):116.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2012.01.23.
[10]陈焱,易传辉,和秋菊,等.素吉尤犀金龟生物学特性初步研究[J].广东农业科学,2012,39(9):70.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1004-874X.2012.09.023.
[11]易传辉,陈焱,和秋菊,等.格彩臂金龟(Cherirotonus gestroi Pouillaud)形态特征研究[J].西北林学院学报,2015,30(2):154.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2015.02.27.
[12]孙长海,王子微,胡春林.南京市分布的中国珍稀昆虫[J].江苏农业科学,2011(3):503.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-1302.2011.03.196.
[13]陈嶙,熊洪林,李治林,等.阳彩臂金龟形态及生活习性的初步观察[J].湖北农业科学,2016,55(10):2544.DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2016.10.023.
[14]SFENTHOURAKIS S,HADJICONSTANTIS M,MAKRIS C,et al.Revisiting the saproxylic beetle‘Propomacrus cypriacus Alexis&Makris,2002’(Coleoptera:Euchiridae)using molecular,morphological and ecological data[J].Journal of Natural History,2017,51(17/18):1021.DOI:10.1080/00222933.2017.1319521.
[15]SHAO L L,HUANG D Y,SUN X Y,et al.Complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Cheirotonus jansoni(Coleoptera:Scarabaeidae)[J].Genetics&Molecular Research,2014,13(1):1047.DOI:10.4238/2014.February.20.6.
[16]?íPEK P,JAN?TA P,KRáL D.Immature stages of Euchirinae(Coleoptera:Scarabaeoidea):genera Cheirotonus and Propomacrus with comments on their phylogeny based on larval and adult characters[J].Invertebrate Systematics,2011,25(4):282.DOI:10.1071/IS11028.