凉山州重点地区中学生自报未来吸毒 贩毒 感染HIV可能性的影响因素
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摘要
目的了解凉山重点地区中学生未来吸毒、贩毒及感染艾滋病病毒(HIV)的可能性及影响因素,为该地区中学生禁毒防艾健康教育提供决策依据。方法根据凉山地区毒品及艾滋病流行状况,以随机整群抽样方式确定调查点。自制调查问卷,回收问卷经过甄别、排除不合格问卷后统一编号、分组。以EpiData 3.1软件录入,SPSS18软件分析。结果在完成调查的10 749人,预测未来可能吸毒的1 662人,可能贩毒的1 635人,可能感染HIV的2 342人,报告率分别为15.5%、15.2%、21.8%。男生、中学低年级等个人因素,母亲从事非农工作、家庭子女人数多、共同生活的父母人数较少等家庭因素,居住农村的社区因素;家人感染HIV、有同学吸毒、自估社区成年人吸毒率较高、见过毒品、见过毒品交易等毒品艾滋病环境因素,是中学生自报未来吸毒、贩毒及感染HIV可能性的危险因素。结论凉山重点地区中学生可能未来吸毒、贩毒及感染HIV的自我报告率较高,并有较多且相似的危险因素,应采取有针对性的干预。
Objective To understand the possibility of the future drug use,drug trafficking and HIV infection and the influencing factors of middle school students in AIDS high incidence areas of Liangshan,to provide reference for the development of intervention measures.Methods According to drugs and AIDS prevalence in Liangshan,random cluster sampling method was used in the selected areas with the self-made questionnaire,and the data were analyzed by EpiData3.1 and SPSS18 software.Results Among the 10 749 students who completed the survey,1662(15.5% )students reported that they might use drug in the future,1635(15.2% )might be engaged in drug trafficking,and 2 342(21.8% )might be infected with HIV.The dangerous factors of the possibility of future drug use,drug trafficking and HIV infection included boys,low grade,more sisters or brothers in the family,mother engaged in non-agricultural work,classmates using drugs,family members infected with HIV,having seen drugs and drug trade,etc.Conclusion The middle school students in the selected areas of Liangshan have higher possibility of future drug use,drug trafficking and HIV infection.Targeted interventions should be taken to reduce the risk factors.
Objective To understand the possibility of the future drug use,drug trafficking and HIV infection and the influencing factors of middle school students in AIDS high incidence areas of Liangshan,to provide reference for the development of intervention measures.Methods According to drugs and AIDS prevalence in Liangshan,random cluster sampling method was used in the selected areas with the self-made questionnaire,and the data were analyzed by EpiData3.1 and SPSS18 software.Results Among the 10 749 students who completed the survey,1662(15.5% )students reported that they might use drug in the future,1635(15.2% )might be engaged in drug trafficking,and 2 342(21.8% )might be infected with HIV.The dangerous factors of the possibility of future drug use,drug trafficking and HIV infection included boys,low grade,more sisters or brothers in the family,mother engaged in non-agricultural work,classmates using drugs,family members infected with HIV,having seen drugs and drug trade,etc.Conclusion The middle school students in the selected areas of Liangshan have higher possibility of future drug use,drug trafficking and HIV infection.Targeted interventions should be taken to reduce the risk factors.
引文
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[3]冯毅,梁姝,肖林,等.凉山州2009年HIV-1主要流行区分子流行病学调查[J].中国艾滋病性病,2014,20(6):403-405.
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[5]袁斌,杨丽,陈筱莉,等.四川凉山地区彝族、汉族戒毒人员社会人口学特征与毒品相关问题的分析与比较[J].中国药物依赖性杂志,2014,15(4):280-287.
[6]王启兴,宋秀霞,龚煜汉,等.四川省凉山州2004至2012年美沙酮受治者队列基本情况及随访影响因素分析[J].复旦学报(医学版),2014,6:771-778.
[7]陆叶,高菁菁,倪敏.海洛因滥用者复吸情况的分析[J].中国药物滥用防治杂志,2011,17(1):26-31.
[8]钱伯建.吸毒者复吸影响因素及内隐认知研究[D].南京:南京大学,2011.
[9]龚煜汉,王启兴,南磊,等.四川省凉山州2007-2012年各类人群HIV检出情况分析[J].现代预防医学,2014,41(20):3790-3792.
[10]贺凤英,孙国铭,范力强,等.杭州市中学生酒精和毒品使用情况[J].中国学校卫生,2005,26(7):570-572.
[11]周金华,郭蓝,卢次勇,等.云浮市中学生新型毒品使用情况及影响因素[J].中国公共卫生,2016,32(1):99-101.
[12]杨丽,木尔扯尔,哈马日呷,等.凉山彝族和汉族中学生毒品接触及其认知状况分析[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(5):647-650.
[13]曹志良,张程赪,胡美霞.中学生药物滥用行为危险因素调查研究[J].临床心身疾病杂志,2007,13(2):108-110.
[14]Chen AC,Gance-Cleveland B,Kopak A,et al.Engaging families to prevent substance use among Latino youth[J].J Spec Pediatr Nurs,2011,16(1):85.
[15]王倩,刘小瑜,吴斌.等.深圳市中学生药物滥用危险因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2013,34(3):275-277.
[16]Friedman AS,Glassman K.Family risk factors versus peer risk factors for drug abuse.A longitudinal study of an African American urban community sample[J].J Subst Abuse Treat,2000,18(3):267-275.
[17]Stephen J,Bahr JPH,Yang XY.Parental and peer influences on the risk of adolescent drug use[J].J Primary Prevent,2005,26(6):529-549.
[18]Kkiewer W,Murrelle L.Risk and protective factors for adolescent substance use:Finding from a study in selected central American countries[J].J Adoles Health,2007,40(5):448-455.
[2]刘莉,冯燎,罗映娟,等.四川省1995-2012年吸毒者艾滋病流行趋势分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2014,18(8):703-705.
[3]冯毅,梁姝,肖林,等.凉山州2009年HIV-1主要流行区分子流行病学调查[J].中国艾滋病性病,2014,20(6):403-405.
[4]刘童童,李英华,李雨波.等.四川省凉山彝族自治州农村地区艾滋病健康教育现状调查及策略建议[J].中国健康教育,2010,26(5):334-337.
[5]袁斌,杨丽,陈筱莉,等.四川凉山地区彝族、汉族戒毒人员社会人口学特征与毒品相关问题的分析与比较[J].中国药物依赖性杂志,2014,15(4):280-287.
[6]王启兴,宋秀霞,龚煜汉,等.四川省凉山州2004至2012年美沙酮受治者队列基本情况及随访影响因素分析[J].复旦学报(医学版),2014,6:771-778.
[7]陆叶,高菁菁,倪敏.海洛因滥用者复吸情况的分析[J].中国药物滥用防治杂志,2011,17(1):26-31.
[8]钱伯建.吸毒者复吸影响因素及内隐认知研究[D].南京:南京大学,2011.
[9]龚煜汉,王启兴,南磊,等.四川省凉山州2007-2012年各类人群HIV检出情况分析[J].现代预防医学,2014,41(20):3790-3792.
[10]贺凤英,孙国铭,范力强,等.杭州市中学生酒精和毒品使用情况[J].中国学校卫生,2005,26(7):570-572.
[11]周金华,郭蓝,卢次勇,等.云浮市中学生新型毒品使用情况及影响因素[J].中国公共卫生,2016,32(1):99-101.
[12]杨丽,木尔扯尔,哈马日呷,等.凉山彝族和汉族中学生毒品接触及其认知状况分析[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(5):647-650.
[13]曹志良,张程赪,胡美霞.中学生药物滥用行为危险因素调查研究[J].临床心身疾病杂志,2007,13(2):108-110.
[14]Chen AC,Gance-Cleveland B,Kopak A,et al.Engaging families to prevent substance use among Latino youth[J].J Spec Pediatr Nurs,2011,16(1):85.
[15]王倩,刘小瑜,吴斌.等.深圳市中学生药物滥用危险因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2013,34(3):275-277.
[16]Friedman AS,Glassman K.Family risk factors versus peer risk factors for drug abuse.A longitudinal study of an African American urban community sample[J].J Subst Abuse Treat,2000,18(3):267-275.
[17]Stephen J,Bahr JPH,Yang XY.Parental and peer influences on the risk of adolescent drug use[J].J Primary Prevent,2005,26(6):529-549.
[18]Kkiewer W,Murrelle L.Risk and protective factors for adolescent substance use:Finding from a study in selected central American countries[J].J Adoles Health,2007,40(5):448-455.