触变挤压铜合金的力学性能
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摘要
采用触变挤压工艺成形ZCuSn10P1铜合金轴套零件。通过单向拉伸试验和硬度试验测试了触变挤压铜合金的抗拉强度、延伸率、布氏硬度和显微硬度。利用扫描电镜观测了断口形貌并分析了断裂方式,研究了成形压力对触变挤压铜合金力学性能的影响。结果表明,抗拉强度随成形压力增加而先增加后降低;延伸率随成形压力增加而不断减小;成形压力与抗拉强度和延伸率的函数关系分别近似为抛物线和幂指数。触变挤压铜合金拉伸断裂方式为沿晶断裂和韧性断裂的混合型断裂。布氏硬度随成形压力增加而先增加后降低。相同工艺条件下,液相显微硬度值最高,固/液界面次之,固相最低;固相、固/液界面和液相的显微硬度均随成形压力增加而先增加后降低。触变挤压铜合金综合力学性能要高于常规铸造,较佳工艺参数为成形压力250 MPa、挤压速率15 mm/s,其抗拉强度、延伸率和布氏硬度分别为387 MPa、2.8%、1280 MPa。
ZCuSn10 P1 copper alloy was formed by a thixo-extrude process. The mechanical properties including tensile strength,elongation, Brinell hardness and Vickers hardness were measured by the uniaxial tensile test and hardness test. The fracture morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope, and the fracture mode was analyzed. The influence of forming pressure on the me chanical properties of thixo-extruded copper alloy was investigated. The results show that as the forming pressure increases, the tensile strength first increases and then decreases, while the elongation decreases all the time. The functional relationships between the forming pressure and tensile strength and elongation are parabolic and exponential. The tensile fracture mode of thixo-extruded copper alloy is a hybrid fracture including intergranular fracture and ductile fracture. The variation of Brinell hardness first increases and then decreases w ith increasing the forming pressure. The Vickers hardness of the liquid is highest, followed by the solid-liquid interface, and the lowest is the solid phase in the same process. The microhardness of the solid phase, the solid-liquid interface and the liquid phase increases first and then decreases as the forming pressure increases. The mechanical properties of thixo-extruded copper alloy are higher than those of the alloy prepared by conventional casting. The optimum process parameters are a forming pressure of 250 MPa and an extrusion rate of 15 mm/s, and the tensile strength, elongation and Brinell hardness are 387 MPa, 2.8% and 1280 MPa, respectively.
ZCuSn10 P1 copper alloy was formed by a thixo-extrude process. The mechanical properties including tensile strength,elongation, Brinell hardness and Vickers hardness were measured by the uniaxial tensile test and hardness test. The fracture morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope, and the fracture mode was analyzed. The influence of forming pressure on the me chanical properties of thixo-extruded copper alloy was investigated. The results show that as the forming pressure increases, the tensile strength first increases and then decreases, while the elongation decreases all the time. The functional relationships between the forming pressure and tensile strength and elongation are parabolic and exponential. The tensile fracture mode of thixo-extruded copper alloy is a hybrid fracture including intergranular fracture and ductile fracture. The variation of Brinell hardness first increases and then decreases w ith increasing the forming pressure. The Vickers hardness of the liquid is highest, followed by the solid-liquid interface, and the lowest is the solid phase in the same process. The microhardness of the solid phase, the solid-liquid interface and the liquid phase increases first and then decreases as the forming pressure increases. The mechanical properties of thixo-extruded copper alloy are higher than those of the alloy prepared by conventional casting. The optimum process parameters are a forming pressure of 250 MPa and an extrusion rate of 15 mm/s, and the tensile strength, elongation and Brinell hardness are 387 MPa, 2.8% and 1280 MPa, respectively.
引文
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[2]Flemings M C.Metallurgical Transactions A[J],1991,22(5):957
[3]Sun Bing(孙兵),Zhang Yingbo(张英波),Quan Gaofeng(权高峰)et al.Rare Metal Materials and Engineering(稀有金属材料与工程)[J],2016,45(2):404
[4]Atkinson H V.Progress in Materials Science[J],2005,50(3):341
[5]Liu Jing(刘静),Wang Ping(王平).Rare Metal Materials and Engineering(稀有金属材料与工程)[J],2014,43(10):2455
[6]Chen G,Zhang S,Zhang H et al.Journal of Materials Processing Technology[J],2018,259:88
[7]Chen Q,Zhao Z,Zhao Z et al.Journal of Alloys and Compounds[J],2011,509(26):7303
[8]Xu Y,Jia J B,Chen C et al.International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology[J],2017,93(9-12):4317
[9]Chen Q,Chen G,Han F et al.Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A[J],2017,48(7):3497
[10]Neag A,Favier V,Bigot R et al.Journal of Materials Processing Technology[J],2012,212(7):1472
[11]Jiang J F,Atkinson H V,Wang Y.Journal of Materials Science&Technology[J],2017,33(4):379
[12]Gu G,Pesci R,Langlois L et al.Journal of Materials Processing Technology[J],2015,216:178
[13]Becker E,Bigot R,Rivoirard S et al.Journal of Materials Processing Technology[J],2018,252:485
[14]Flemings M C,Riek R G,Young K P.Materials Science and Engineering[J],1976,25:103
[15]Lee S Y,Lee S Y.Solid State Phenomena[J],2006,116-117:652
[16]Yi H K,Moon Y H,Lee S Y.Journal of Korean Institute of Metals and Materials[J],2007,45(5):315
[17]Youn J I,Kim Y J.Solid State Phenomena[J],2006,116-117:730
[18]Yan G H,Zhao S D,Sha Z H.Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China[J],2010,20(S3):931
[19]Wang K K.Rare Metals[J],2013,32(2):191
[20]Cao M,Wang Z,Zhang Q.Journal of Alloys and Compounds[J],2017,715:413
[21]Cao M,Zhang Q,Zhang Y S.Journal of Alloys and Compounds[J],2017,721:220
[22]Li Y K,Zhou R F,Li L et al.Metals[J],2018,8(4):275
[23]Wang Jia(王佳),Xiao Han(肖寒),Wu Longbiao(吴龙彪)et al.Acta Metallurgica Sinica(金属学报)[J],2014,50(5):567
[24]Wang J,Xiao H,Wu L B et al.Rare Metals[J],2016,35(8):620
[25]Casting Copper and Copper Alloys(铸造铜及铜合金).GB/T1176-2013[S].Beijing:China Standard Press,2013