温室番茄冬春茬生物防控技术规程
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摘要
设施栽培条件下,冬春茬番茄病虫害发生趋势明显,防治措施多依赖化学药剂,不仅降低番茄果实品质,还对土壤环境造成不利影响,更重要的是造成食品安全性问题,引发人类疾病。生物防控具有"低毒、环保、残留少、不杀伤天敌"的特点,是实现设施番茄安全、健康生产的重要举措。《温室番茄冬春茬生物防控技术规程》(DB 1301/T 265—2018)主要介绍了温室番茄冬春茬的主要病虫害种类及其发生条件,防治原则与防控技术措施,拉秧清棚等内容。可为温室番茄冬春茬病虫害生物防控措施的制定提供依据。
The occurrence of tomato diseases and insect pests in winter and spring is obvious under the conditions of facility cultivation. The control measures mostly rely on chemical pesticides,which not only reduce the quality of tomato fruit,but also cause harmful effects on soil environment,and what's more,they cause food safety problems and human diseases. Biological control has the characteristics of low toxicity,environmental protection,less residue and no killing natural enemies,and it is an important measure to achieve safe and healthy production of tomatoes in facility. The Technical Regulation of Biological Prevention of Greenhouse Tomato during Winter-spring Growing Season introduces the diseases and insect pests types and occurrence conditions,prevention and control principles of greenhouse tomatoes in winter-spring growing season,which can provide the basis for the development of biological control measures for greenhouse tomatoes in winter and spring.
The occurrence of tomato diseases and insect pests in winter and spring is obvious under the conditions of facility cultivation. The control measures mostly rely on chemical pesticides,which not only reduce the quality of tomato fruit,but also cause harmful effects on soil environment,and what's more,they cause food safety problems and human diseases. Biological control has the characteristics of low toxicity,environmental protection,less residue and no killing natural enemies,and it is an important measure to achieve safe and healthy production of tomatoes in facility. The Technical Regulation of Biological Prevention of Greenhouse Tomato during Winter-spring Growing Season introduces the diseases and insect pests types and occurrence conditions,prevention and control principles of greenhouse tomatoes in winter-spring growing season,which can provide the basis for the development of biological control measures for greenhouse tomatoes in winter and spring.
引文
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[2]马会,张亚超.农业供给侧结构性改革应从微观政策给予激励[N].中国经济时报,2018-04-12(007).
[3]王兴国.农业供给侧结构性改革应从微观政策给予激励[J].农村工作通讯,2018,(10):48.
[4]邱德文.我国生物农药产业现状分析及发展战略的思考[J].生物产业技术,2011,(5):40-43.
[5]曾衍德.持续推进化肥农药减量增效努力增加绿色优质农产品供给[N].农民日报,2018-02-05(007).
[6]乔俊卿,刘邮洲,余翔,梁雪杰,陈志谊,刘永锋,张英.集成生物防治和秸秆还田技术对设施番茄增产及土传病害防控效果研究[J].中国生物防治学报,2013,29(4):547-554.
[7]文刚.绿色防控措施在有机蔬菜种植中的应用[J].南方农业,2014,8(18):31-32.
[8]齐连芬,王丹丹,李燕,牛瑞生,安桂英,师建华.番茄越夏设施栽培技术[J].北方园艺,2018,(19):197-200.
[9]阳泽木.大棚番茄常见病虫害以及防治对策[J].中国农业信息,2016,(1):63-64.
[10]毛新温.番茄病虫害综合防治技术[J].农民致富之友,2018,(10):154.
[11]陈金耀.大棚番茄常见病虫害以及防治对策[J].农业与技术,2016,36(21):131-132.
[12]武云东.日光温室番茄常见病虫害及防治[J].新农业,2014,(21):32-33.
[13]张淑红.浅析番茄的常见病虫害特点及防治[J].吉林农业,2012,(8):69.
[14]林秀美.无公害大棚番茄常见病虫害综合防治技术[J].上海蔬菜,2014,(6):68.
[15]侯留祥,王艳梅,周启胜.北方保护地番茄常见病虫害无害化防治技术[J].农村实用科技信息,2012,(4):41.
[16]李天娇,鞠中安,吴寒冰,李育民,戴勤珍,陈杰.保护地设施栽培番茄病虫害绿色防控集成技术[J].中国农技推广,2017,33(12):57-59,64.
[17]吴军,倪萌,夏倩,张晓峰.江苏无锡市设施番茄病虫害发生特点与绿色防控策略[J].中国园艺文摘,2017,33(10):195-197.
[18]齐连芬,王丹丹,李燕,张庆银,牛瑞生,葛喜珍,田东良,师建华.温室番茄冬春茬清洁栽培技术规程[J].河北农业科学,2018,22(5):20-22.
[19]杨子成.大棚番茄种植技术及病虫害防治措施[J].农家参谋,2017,(13):39.
[20]李爱芹.番茄种植及病虫害防治方法[J].新农业,2017,(11):25-26.
[21]刘欣.番茄常见病虫害防治措施[J].农民致富之友,2017,(5):89.