突涌地质隧道TSP法弹性参数判识研究
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摘要
结合云南4座在建高风险隧道典型突涌实例,对不同不良地质发生突涌的地质情况及突涌段落地震波反射法(TSP)的预报成果进行总结,分析各类突涌发生的工程地质条件和地震波反射法物理参数,归纳隧道突涌地质特征,得出大规模突涌时地震波反射法物理参数中纵波速度V_p、横波波速V_s、纵横波速比V_p/V_s和泊松比σ四项参数的判断标准:(1)富水时,V_p/V_s与σ都呈增长趋势,V_p/V_s变化率增长约5%以上,σ变化率增长约10%以上;(2)富水时,V_p/V_s由1.7→2.0变化,σ由0.25→0.3变化;(3)层状裂隙或构造破碎时,V_p均呈下降趋势;(4)存在裂隙及富水通道时,V_s均呈下降趋势;(5)V_p和V_s同时下降时,围岩破碎及地下水发育程度同步上升;(6)V_p上升、V_s下降时,围岩完整程度变化不大,地下水或裂隙发育程度上升。
Combined with the four typical surge cases in Yunnan high risk tunnel, the geological conditions of different undesirable geological processes and the prediction results of the seismic wave reflection method(TSP) are summarized. The engineering geological conditions and seismic wave reflection method are analyzed, and the geological characteristics of tunnel gushing are summarized. The four parameters of the physical parameters of the seismic wave reflection method, such as longitudinal wave velocity, shear wave velocity, longitudinal and transverse wave speed ratio and Poisson's ratio, are obtained. The judgment criteria are as the followings:(1)when water is rich, V_p/V_s and Poisson's ratio are both increasing, V_p/V_s growth is about 5%, and Poisson's ratio is increased by more than 10%;(2) when water is rich, V_p/V_s changes from 1.7 to 2, and Poisson's ratio varies from 0.25 to 0.3;(3) in case of stratified fracture or structure break, V_p tends to decrease;(4) when there is a fissure and water rich channel, V_s shows a downward trend;(5) when V_p and V_s decrease at the same time, the fragmentation of the surrounding rock and the degree of groundwater development synchronously increase;(6) when V_p rises and V_s drops, the integrity of the surrounding rock changes little, and the development of groundwater or fissure rises.
Combined with the four typical surge cases in Yunnan high risk tunnel, the geological conditions of different undesirable geological processes and the prediction results of the seismic wave reflection method(TSP) are summarized. The engineering geological conditions and seismic wave reflection method are analyzed, and the geological characteristics of tunnel gushing are summarized. The four parameters of the physical parameters of the seismic wave reflection method, such as longitudinal wave velocity, shear wave velocity, longitudinal and transverse wave speed ratio and Poisson's ratio, are obtained. The judgment criteria are as the followings:(1)when water is rich, V_p/V_s and Poisson's ratio are both increasing, V_p/V_s growth is about 5%, and Poisson's ratio is increased by more than 10%;(2) when water is rich, V_p/V_s changes from 1.7 to 2, and Poisson's ratio varies from 0.25 to 0.3;(3) in case of stratified fracture or structure break, V_p tends to decrease;(4) when there is a fissure and water rich channel, V_s shows a downward trend;(5) when V_p and V_s decrease at the same time, the fragmentation of the surrounding rock and the degree of groundwater development synchronously increase;(6) when V_p rises and V_s drops, the integrity of the surrounding rock changes little, and the development of groundwater or fissure rises.
引文
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[19] 韩永琦.用TSP预报数据划分铁路隧道围岩级别[J].铁道工程学报,2017(2):71-76.
[20] 邱道宏,李术才,张乐文,等.基于TSP203系统和GA_SVM的围岩超前分类预测[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010(S1):3221-3226.
[21] 李立民.秦岭隧洞椒溪河段工程地质条件及涌水特征分析[J].铁道标准设计,2015(10):86-89.
[22] 王树栋.TSP系统在隧道超前地质预报中的问题及其改善处理[J].现代隧道技术,2013(3):129-136.
[2] 周毅.隧道充填型管道构造突涌水机制与预测预警及工程应用[D].济南:山东大学,2015.
[3] 何振宁.铁路隧道疑难工程地质问题分析——以30多座典型隧道工程为例[J].隧道建设,2016(6):636-655.
[4] 李术才,许振浩,黄鑫等.隧道突水突泥致灾构造分类、地质判识、孕灾模式与典型案例分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2018(5):1041-1069.
[5] 陈松,景云萍,刘伟.可控源音频大地电磁测深法在玉蒙铁路秀山隧道中的应用效果分析[J].云南大学学报,2012(34):209-214.
[6] 赵健.玉蒙铁路秀山隧道构造挤压破碎富水带处理措施研究[J].铁道建筑,2015(6):54-57.
[7] 李东.秀山隧道水文地质特征分析研究[J].铁道工程学报,2014(4):29-35.
[8] 杨英.碎裂玄武岩夹凝灰岩型隧道超前地质预报技术探讨[J].铁道工程学报,2011(8):30-35.
[9] 李坚,杨英.玄武岩隧道综合地质勘探经验及问题探讨[J].铁道工程学报,2010(10):1-7.
[10] 舒森,王树栋.隧道综合超前地质预报方法及应用[J].铁道勘察,2010(4):80-83.
[11] 邵双修.禾洛山隧道富水地段施工技术[J].铁道工程学报,2010(5):54-58.
[12] 周国龙.禾洛山隧道陡坡斜井突发性涌水全断面预注浆施工技术[J].隧道建设,2009(S2):148-152.
[13] 杜宇本,张强,蒋良文.街子坡向斜岩溶水系统及隧道涌突水危险性研究[J].铁道工程学报,2009(12):60-64.
[14] 舒森.如何提高TSP203系统在应用中的准确性[J].物探与化探,2011(5):710-715.
[15] 朱麟晨,廖余.祥和隧道平导软弱围岩变形控制探讨[J].现代隧道技术,2016(2):196-201.
[16] 舒森,胡金星.隧道岩溶空间探测[J].地下空间与工程学报,2015(5):1350-1364.
[17] 舒森岩溶隧道突水突泥预报综合评估[J].铁道标准设计,2015(4):72-78.
[18] 中国铁路总公司.铁路铁道超前地质预报技术规程:Q/CR9217—2015[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2015.
[19] 韩永琦.用TSP预报数据划分铁路隧道围岩级别[J].铁道工程学报,2017(2):71-76.
[20] 邱道宏,李术才,张乐文,等.基于TSP203系统和GA_SVM的围岩超前分类预测[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010(S1):3221-3226.
[21] 李立民.秦岭隧洞椒溪河段工程地质条件及涌水特征分析[J].铁道标准设计,2015(10):86-89.
[22] 王树栋.TSP系统在隧道超前地质预报中的问题及其改善处理[J].现代隧道技术,2013(3):129-136.