不同拉伸速率下平织PVC膜材偏轴拉伸性能
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摘要
试验研究了平织PVC膜材在0°,5°,15°,25°,35°,45°,55°,65°,75°,85°,90°这11个偏轴方向的拉伸性能,同时考虑了10,25,50,100,200,500mm/min 6种拉伸速度的影响;讨论了平织PVC膜材的破坏模式与应力状态之间的关系,得到了平织PVC膜材主要力学参数随偏轴角度和拉伸速度变化的规律.结果表明:随着偏轴角度的增加,平织PVC膜材的抗拉强度逐渐降低,而断裂延伸率逐渐增加;试验中主要有3种破坏模式:纤维整齐断裂、纤维拔出破坏和复合型破坏,这主要与材料的应力状态有关;随着拉伸速度的增加,膜材的抗拉强度会略微增加,而断裂延伸率却有略微下降,两者均与拉伸速度的对数呈较好的线性关系.
A series of uniaxial tensile tests were carried out to study the tensile performances of the specimens in eleven directions including 0°,5°,15°,25°,35°,45°,55°,65°,75°,85°and 90°,and six tensile rates(10,25,50,100,200,500mm/min)were also considered.The relationship between stress states and failure modes was discussed,and the relationship between the main parameters and tensile rates &off-axial angles were obtained.Results show that with off-axial angle increasing,the tensile strength decreases while the strain at break increases.Three failure modes can be observed,including failure of even fracture,yarns pulled-out and mixed failure,which are related to the stress states.With tensile rate increasing,the tensile strength increases slightly while the strain at break decreases.The tensile strength and strain at break show good linear relationship with tensile rate's logarithm.
A series of uniaxial tensile tests were carried out to study the tensile performances of the specimens in eleven directions including 0°,5°,15°,25°,35°,45°,55°,65°,75°,85°and 90°,and six tensile rates(10,25,50,100,200,500mm/min)were also considered.The relationship between stress states and failure modes was discussed,and the relationship between the main parameters and tensile rates &off-axial angles were obtained.Results show that with off-axial angle increasing,the tensile strength decreases while the strain at break increases.Three failure modes can be observed,including failure of even fracture,yarns pulled-out and mixed failure,which are related to the stress states.With tensile rate increasing,the tensile strength increases slightly while the strain at break decreases.The tensile strength and strain at break show good linear relationship with tensile rate's logarithm.
引文
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[3]张丽,陈务军,董石麟.PVDF/PES建筑织物膜力学性能单双轴拉伸试验[J].空间结构,2012,18(3):41-48.ZHANG Li,CHEN Wujun,DONG Shilin.Mechanical properties analysis of architectural PVDF/PES fabrics with uni-tensile and bi-axial test[J].Spatial Structures,2012,18(3):41-48.(in Chinese)
[4]BRIAN F,MARIJKE M.European design guide for tensile surface structures[S].2004.
[5]BRIDGENS B N,BIRCHALL M J S.Form and function:The significance of material properties in the design of tensile fabric structures[J].Eng Struct,2012,44:1-12.
[6]易洪雷,丁辛,陈守辉.PES/PVC膜材料拉伸性能的各向异性及破坏准则[J].复合材料学报,2005,22(6):98-102.YI Honglei,DING Xin,CHEN Shouhui.Orthotropic behavior and strength criterion of PES/PVC membrane materials under tensile loading[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2005,22(6):98-102.(in Chinese)
[7]邹宗勇,韩建,刘杭锋,等.PVC建筑膜材拉伸异向性能研究[J].浙江理工大学学报,2010,27(2):186-190.ZOU Zongyong,HAN Jian,LIU Hangfeng,et al.Orthotropic behavior of PVC architectural membrane materials under tensile loading[J].Journal of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,2010,27(2):186-190.(in Chinese)
[8]张营营,张其林,周传志.PTFE膜材的单向拉伸性能[J].建筑材料学报,2010,13(4):535-539.ZHANG Yingying,ZHANG Qilin,ZHOU Chuanzhi.Uniaxial tensile properties of PTFE membrane material[J].Journal of Building Materials,2010,13(4):535-539.(in Chinese)
[9]吴明儿,慕仝,刘建明.拉伸速度对ETFE薄膜力学性能的影响[J].建筑材料学报,2008,11(5):574-579.WU Minger,MU Tong,LIU Jianming.Influence of extension speed on mechanical properties of ETFE foil[J].Journal of Building Materials,2008,11(5):574-579.(in Chinese)
[10]CAO J,AKKERMAN R,BOISSEE P,et al.Characterization of mechanical behavior of woven fabrics:Experimental methods and benchmark results[J].Composites:Part A,2008,39:1037-1053.
[11]方钦志,李慧敏,欧阳小东.加载速率对PC/ABS拉伸性能的影响[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2006,22(1):131-134.FANG Qinzhi,LI Huimin,OUYANG Xiaodong.Effect of loading rate on the tensile properties of PC/ABS[J].Polymer Materials Science and Engineering,2006,22(1):131-134.(in Chinese)
[12]罗国清,乔生儒.加载速率对3D-C/SiC不同温度拉伸性能的影响[J].材料工程,2003,10(1):9-10,39.LUO Guoqing,QIAO Shengru.Influence of loading rates on3D-C/SiC tensile properties at different temperature[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2003,10(1):9-10,39.(in Chinese)
[13]傅政.高分子材料强度及破坏行为[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005:50-59.FU Zheng.Strength and fracture behavior of polymers[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2005:50-59.(in Chinese)