花生荚果籽仁干物质积累规律的研究
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摘要
在田间试验条件下,以普通型花生品种8130为材料,系统研究了花生荚果、籽仁和果壳干物质积累规律。结果表明,花生进入结荚期,荚果干质量和籽仁干质量的增加均经历渐增期、快增期、缓增期三个时期,其增加规律可用生长曲线logistic方程进行模拟;荚果干质量和籽仁干质量在荚果形成后70~80d仍有明显增加,80d以后增加不明显;从荚果形成后20d至收获期荚果出仁率的提高可用多项式进行曲线模拟,荚果出仁率在荚果形成后80d左右达到最大值。研究认为,威海地区9月底为普通型大花生的适宜收获时期。
The dry matter accumulation characteristics of peanut pod,kernel and shells were studied in the field experiment with ordinary peanut variety 8130 as material.The results indicated that,in the stage of peanut pod formation,the dry mass increasing of pod and kernel include three stages,such as gradual increase,fast increase and slow increase,which can be simulated by the Logistic equation of growth curve.The dry mass of pod and kernel increased significantly from 70 to 80 days after pod formation,but not increased after 80 days.The increasing of the kernel yield from 20 days to harvest period can be simulated by polynomial.The kernel rate reached the maximum value at the 80 th day after pods formation.The study concluded that the suitable harvest period of the common large peanut in Weihai district is in late September.
The dry matter accumulation characteristics of peanut pod,kernel and shells were studied in the field experiment with ordinary peanut variety 8130 as material.The results indicated that,in the stage of peanut pod formation,the dry mass increasing of pod and kernel include three stages,such as gradual increase,fast increase and slow increase,which can be simulated by the Logistic equation of growth curve.The dry mass of pod and kernel increased significantly from 70 to 80 days after pod formation,but not increased after 80 days.The increasing of the kernel yield from 20 days to harvest period can be simulated by polynomial.The kernel rate reached the maximum value at the 80 th day after pods formation.The study concluded that the suitable harvest period of the common large peanut in Weihai district is in late September.
引文
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[2]单世华,孙学振,周治国,等.温度对棉纤维干物质积累动态变化的影响[J].山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),2001(1):6-10.
[3]宇振荣,Driessen P M.环境条件和栽培管理对夏玉米干物质积累、分配及转移的试验研究[J].作物学报,2002,28(1):104-109.
[4]刘德金.气温对花生荚果发育和产量的影响[J].福建农业科技,1978(6):42-43.
[5]徐庆年,吴裕赓,方忠烈.花生荚果发育及其与积温关系的研究初报[J].花生科技,1978(1):30-34.
[6]张倩,崔莎莎,高波,等.播期对夏直播花生生理特性及产量的影响[J].花生学报,2015,44(4):21-26.
[7]王才斌,成波,郑亚萍,等.温度对花生出苗、幼苗生长及开花的影响[J].花生学报,2003,32(4):7-11.
[8]牛建国.玉米适时晚收可增产[J].河北农业,2010(10):2-4.
[9]孙新素,龙致炜,宋广鹏,等.气候变化对黄淮海地区夏玉米—冬小麦种植模式和产量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(13):476-487.
[10]朱慧森,邹新平,玉柱,等.青贮玉米生产性能对收获期的响应及收获指数的探讨[J].畜牧兽医学报,2015,46(8):375-382.
[11]梅桢,程舟.密度、收获期对全杆红麻产量和质量影响的研究[J].广东农业科学,1992(3):17-20.
[12]刘伟明,吴列洪,沈升法,等.甘薯浙薯70早收栽培下延后收获的特征特性[J].江苏农业科学,2013,41(12):92-93.
[13]李早东.烟威土壤[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2015:12-14.
[14]崔贤,刘忠良,李涛.山东省文登市耕地资源评价与利用[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2013:78-80.
[15]张林,王振学,史红志.春种花生适期晚播对花生产量及品质的影响[J].现代农业科技,2008(22):150-150.
[16]李正超,邱庆树.收获期对出口花生品种的产量和品质影响的研究[J].花生学报,1997(3):9-12.
[17]王激清,白宝民,刘社平.播期和密度对冀西北彩色花生产量及品质的影响[J].河南农业科学,2012,41(12):56-58.
[18]万书波,郭峰,曾英松.花生适期晚收高产栽培技术[J].山东农业科学,2012,44(8):123-124.