混合动力用甲醇发动机快速起动性能
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摘要
为了解决城市工况中混合动力用发动机频繁停机/再起动导致排放恶劣的问题,提出以甲醇作为混合动力用发动机快速起动的燃料,并对采用甲醇燃料的发动机快速起动性能进行试验研究.试验用发动机为点燃式进气道喷射自然吸气汽油机,加装一套甲醇喷射系统可作为甲醇发动机,再通过加装一台交流电机来模拟混合动力发动机快速起动过程,采用自主开发的电子控制单元对试验系统进行控制.试验结果表明,相比于采用汽油燃料,采用甲醇燃料时,发动机高转速快速起动阶段消耗燃料的比能耗降低,发动机的火焰发展期和快速燃烧期都有所缩短,起动过程中的碳氢、一氧化碳和氮氧化物排放都明显减少.
For improving bad emissions resulted from frequently stop/re-start of bybrid electric vehicle(HEV) engines in urban drive condition,using methanol as the fuel of HEV engine in quick start was proposed and experimentally studied.The experimental engine was a spark ignited port fuel injected gasoline engine.An AC motor was connected to the flywheel to simulate quick start process of HEV engine.A self-developed electric control unit was used to control the experimental system.Results show that comparing with gasoline engine,methanol engine consumes less energy in quick start,both the CA0-10 and CA10-90 are decreased,and the HC,CO and NO_x emissions are reduced significantly.
For improving bad emissions resulted from frequently stop/re-start of bybrid electric vehicle(HEV) engines in urban drive condition,using methanol as the fuel of HEV engine in quick start was proposed and experimentally studied.The experimental engine was a spark ignited port fuel injected gasoline engine.An AC motor was connected to the flywheel to simulate quick start process of HEV engine.A self-developed electric control unit was used to control the experimental system.Results show that comparing with gasoline engine,methanol engine consumes less energy in quick start,both the CA0-10 and CA10-90 are decreased,and the HC,CO and NO_x emissions are reduced significantly.
引文
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[2]GALINDO CRIFRE P,BADR O.Renewable hydrogen utilization for the production of methanol[J].Energy Convers Manag,2007,48(2):519-527.
[3]ZHEN X D,WANG Y.An overview of methanol as an internal combustion engine fuel[J].Renewable and Sustainble Energy Reviews,2015,52:477-493.
[4]VANCOILLIE J,DEMUYNCK J,SILEGHEM L,et al.The potential of methanol as a fuel for flex-fuel and dedicated spark-ignition engines[J].Applied Energy,2013,102:140-149.
[5]BALKI M K,SAYIN C.The effect of compression ratio on the performance,emissions and combustion of an SI(spark ignition)engine fueled with pure ethanol,methanol and unleaded gasoline[J].Energy,2014,71:194-201.
[6]WU B,WANG L J,SHEN X W,et al.Comparison of lean burn characteristics of an SI engine fueled with methanol and gasoline under idle condition[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2016,95:264-270.
[7]HENEIN N A,TARAZA D,NABIL C,et al.Exploration of the contribution of the start/stop transients in HEV operation and emissions[C]∥SAE Paper.Detroit:SAE,2000:2000-01-3086.
[8]BISHOP J,NEDUNGADI A,OSTROWSKI G,et al.An engine start/stop system for improved fuel economy[C]∥SAE Paper.Detroit:SAE,2007:2007-01-1777.
[9]NG H K,ANDERSON J A,DUOBA M J.Engine start characteristics of two hybrid electric vehicles(HEVs)-Honda insight and Toyota Prius[C]∥SAE Paper.Detroit:SAE,2001:2001-01-2492.
[10]LI T,DENG KY,PENG HY,et al.Independent fuel injection strategy based on the initial piston positions for HEV engine quick start[J].Fuel,2014,117(Part A):733-741.
[11]MICHAEL M,CHRISTOPHER H O.A model for the estimation of induced air mass and the residual gas fraction using cylinder pressure measurements[C]∥SAE Paper.Detroit:SAE,2000:2000-01-0958.
[12]MAURO K T.Cold start emissions in gasoline engines[D].Detroit:Wayne State University,1996.
[13]ARAPATSAKOS C I,KARKANIS A N,SPARIS P D.Behavior of a small four-stroke engine using as fuel methanol-gasoline mixtures[C]∥SAE Technical Paper.Detroit:SAE,2003:2003-32-0024.
[14]吴斌,申辛未,王乐俊,等.甲醇汽油双燃料发动机的怠速性能试验[J].内燃机学报,2015,33(1):23-28.WU B,SHEN X W,WANG L J,et al.Experimental study on idle performance of methanol-gasoline dual fuel engine[J].Transaction of Chinese Society for Internal Combustional Engines,2015,33(1):23-28.(in Chinese)
[15]BALKI M K,SAYIN C,CANAKCI M.The effect of different alcohol fuels on the performance,emission and combustion characteristics of a gasoline engine[J].Fuel,2014,115:901-906.
[16]YU S,ZHANG Y,DONG G,et al.Fuel injection optimization during engine quick start by means of cycleby-cycle control strategy for HEV application[C]∥SAE Paper.Detroit:SAE,2009:2009-01-2718.