基于可达性计算的急救医疗服务选择
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摘要
科学的可达性计算是合理选择急救医疗服务的重要基础.本文面向急救医疗服务的合理选择需求,首先分析了急救医疗服务可达性的特征,建立了度量模型;然后,基于这一模型,分别研究了实际交通状态下特定医疗服务和多医疗服务竞争时的可达性,据此确定医疗服务的有效服务范围,合理选择医疗服务.传统的医疗服务可达性研究将可达性作为一个静态的固化值,无法满足人们在紧急情况下的精准就医选择需求.本文提出的可达性计算方案综合考虑了交通状态的时段、路段和方向差异,能更准确精细地计算医疗服务的有效服务范围,为人们在紧急情况时的就医选择提供更准确的决策依据.
Scientific accessibility calculation is an important basis for the rational selection of emergency medical services. Aiming at the need of reasonable selection for emergency medical services, firstly, the characteristics of accessibility of emergency medical services are analyzed, and the measurement model is established. Then, based on this model, the accessibility of specific medical services and multi-medical services are studied separately to determine the effective service range of medical services, which supports a reasonable choice of medical services.In traditional studies, accessibility is treated as a static solidification value which can't meet the precise medical choice needs of people in emergencies. The accessibility calculation program proposed in this paper takes the difference of traffic conditions between time periods, road sections and the driving directions into account, so the effective service scope of medical services can be calculated more accurately, and more accurate decision-making can be made by people to choose medical treatment in emergencies.
Scientific accessibility calculation is an important basis for the rational selection of emergency medical services. Aiming at the need of reasonable selection for emergency medical services, firstly, the characteristics of accessibility of emergency medical services are analyzed, and the measurement model is established. Then, based on this model, the accessibility of specific medical services and multi-medical services are studied separately to determine the effective service range of medical services, which supports a reasonable choice of medical services.In traditional studies, accessibility is treated as a static solidification value which can't meet the precise medical choice needs of people in emergencies. The accessibility calculation program proposed in this paper takes the difference of traffic conditions between time periods, road sections and the driving directions into account, so the effective service scope of medical services can be calculated more accurately, and more accurate decision-making can be made by people to choose medical treatment in emergencies.
引文
[1]胡继华,李国源,钟广鹏.基于公交时空过程的城市时空可达性计算方法[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2014,14(4):146-153.[HU J H,LI G Y,ZHONG G P.Measuring space-time accessibility within bus network based on space-time process of bus[J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology,2014,14(4):146-153.]
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[3]张琦,李同异,史荣.服务老年人群的城市高等级医院交通可达性测评--以西安市三级甲等医院为例[J].陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2016(1):96-101.[ZHANG Q,LI T Y,SHI R.Evaluation on the accessibility of high order urban hospitals for the aged:a case study of the first-level hospitals in Xi'an city[J].Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2016(1):96-101.]
[4]江海燕,朱雪梅,吴玲玲,等.城市公共设施公平评价:物理可达性与时空可达性测度方法的比较[J].城市研究,2014(5):70-75.[JIANG H Y,ZHU X M,WU L L,et al.Comparison of physical accessibility and spacetime accessibility measures in the equity of urban public facilities[J].Urban Research,2014(5):70-75.]
[5]陈建国,周素红,柳林,等.交通拥堵对急救医疗服务时空可达性的影响--以广州市为例[J].地理科学进展,2016(4):431-439.[CHEN J G,ZHOU S H,LIUL,et al.Estimating the effect of traffic congestion on accessibility to emergency medical care services:Take Guangzhou as an example[J].Progress in Geography,2016(4):431-439.]
[6]HAGENSTRAND T.What about people in regional science?[J].Papers of the Regional Science Association,1970,24(1):7-21.
[7]陈洁,陆锋,翟瀚,等.面向活动地点推荐的个人时空可达性方法[J].地理学报,2015(6):931-940.[CHENJ,LU F,ZHAI H,et al.Making place recommendations:An individual accessibility measure to urban opportunities in space and time[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2015(6):931-940.]
[8]中华人民共和国公共安全行业标准.城市道路交通管理评价指标体系[S].中华人民共和国公共安全行业标准,2002.[People’s Republic of China Public Safety Industry Standard.Evaluation index system of urban road traffic management[S].People’s Republic of China Public Safety Industry Standard,2002.]
[9]冯慧芳,柏凤山,徐有基.基于轨迹大数据的城市交通感知和路网关键节点识别[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2018,18(3):42-47.[FENG H F,BAI F S,XU Y J.Urban traffic perception and critical node identification of road network based on trajectory big data[J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology,2018,18(3):42-47.]
[10]谢顺平,冯学智,鲁伟.基于道路网络分析的Voronoi面域图构建算法[J].测绘学报,2010,(1):88-94.[XIES P,FENG X Z,LU W.Algorithm for constructing voronoi area diagram based on road network analysis[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2010(1):88-94.]
[2]曾文,向梨丽,李红波,等.南京市医疗服务设施可达性的空间格局及其形成机制[J].经济地理,2017(6):136-143.[ZENG W,XIANG L L,LI H B,et al.Spatial pattern of access to health care facilities and its formation mechanism in Nanjing[J].Economic Geography,2017(6):136-143.]
[3]张琦,李同异,史荣.服务老年人群的城市高等级医院交通可达性测评--以西安市三级甲等医院为例[J].陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2016(1):96-101.[ZHANG Q,LI T Y,SHI R.Evaluation on the accessibility of high order urban hospitals for the aged:a case study of the first-level hospitals in Xi'an city[J].Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2016(1):96-101.]
[4]江海燕,朱雪梅,吴玲玲,等.城市公共设施公平评价:物理可达性与时空可达性测度方法的比较[J].城市研究,2014(5):70-75.[JIANG H Y,ZHU X M,WU L L,et al.Comparison of physical accessibility and spacetime accessibility measures in the equity of urban public facilities[J].Urban Research,2014(5):70-75.]
[5]陈建国,周素红,柳林,等.交通拥堵对急救医疗服务时空可达性的影响--以广州市为例[J].地理科学进展,2016(4):431-439.[CHEN J G,ZHOU S H,LIUL,et al.Estimating the effect of traffic congestion on accessibility to emergency medical care services:Take Guangzhou as an example[J].Progress in Geography,2016(4):431-439.]
[6]HAGENSTRAND T.What about people in regional science?[J].Papers of the Regional Science Association,1970,24(1):7-21.
[7]陈洁,陆锋,翟瀚,等.面向活动地点推荐的个人时空可达性方法[J].地理学报,2015(6):931-940.[CHENJ,LU F,ZHAI H,et al.Making place recommendations:An individual accessibility measure to urban opportunities in space and time[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2015(6):931-940.]
[8]中华人民共和国公共安全行业标准.城市道路交通管理评价指标体系[S].中华人民共和国公共安全行业标准,2002.[People’s Republic of China Public Safety Industry Standard.Evaluation index system of urban road traffic management[S].People’s Republic of China Public Safety Industry Standard,2002.]
[9]冯慧芳,柏凤山,徐有基.基于轨迹大数据的城市交通感知和路网关键节点识别[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2018,18(3):42-47.[FENG H F,BAI F S,XU Y J.Urban traffic perception and critical node identification of road network based on trajectory big data[J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology,2018,18(3):42-47.]
[10]谢顺平,冯学智,鲁伟.基于道路网络分析的Voronoi面域图构建算法[J].测绘学报,2010,(1):88-94.[XIES P,FENG X Z,LU W.Algorithm for constructing voronoi area diagram based on road network analysis[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2010(1):88-94.]