基于SWAT模型的晋江西溪流域绿水管理措施效益成本分析
|
摘要
[目的]计算晋江西溪流域4种绿水管理措施的效益和成本,为西溪流域生态治理提供新的参考模式,为完善水资源管理机制提供借鉴。[方法]以晋江西溪流域为研究区,运用SWAT模型对石陇、梯田、等高耕作、地表覆盖4种绿水管理措施进行了情景模拟,计算了4种措施在增加绿水、水土保持、水质保护、农业增收等方面的效益,并对每种措施进行了效益成本分析。[结果](1)石陇、梯田、等高耕作3种绿水管理措施的效益成本比分别为19.52,13.03,6.98,都远大于1,非常适合在西溪流域推广应用,3种措施的平均效益成本比为10.18。流域实施3种措施的年均成本为3.97×10~6元,年均效益为4.05×10~7元。(2)地表覆盖的效益成本比仅为0.63,目前不适合在研究区推广应用。[结论]石陇、梯田、等高耕作的环境与经济效益较好,有较好的应用前景;今后应进一步探索降低地表覆盖成本的技术,同时辅以适当的政府补贴,以利于该绿水管理措施在研究区的推广。
[Objective]To calculate the benefits and cost of four green water management measures,in order to provide a new reference pattern for ecological restoration of Xixi watershed,and provide support for improving water resources management mechanisms.[Methods]Taking Xixi watershed of the Jijiang basin as the study area,four green water management measures including stone lines,bench terraces,contour tillage and mulching were simulated by soil and water assessment tool(SWAT)model.The benefits of four measures in increasing green water,soil conservation,water quality protection and agricultural income were calculated,and the benefit and cost of each measure was analyzed.[Results](1) The benefit-cost ratio of stone lines,bench terraces and contour tillage was 19.52,13.03 and 6.98,respectively,which were far greater than 1,so those three green water management measures were suitable for popularization and application in Xixi watershed.The average benefit-cost ratio of the three measures was 10.18,and the average cost of the three measures in Xixi watershed was 3.97 million RMB per year,and the average benefit of that was 40.47 million RMB per year.(2) The benefit-cost ratio of mulching was only 0.63,so it was not suitable for application in the study area at present.[Conclusion]The environmental and economic benefits of stone lines,bench terraces,contour tillage are good and have a good application prospect.Further exploration should be made to reduce the cost of mulching,and the financial subsidies are also need to be provided,so as to promote the application of the green water management measures in the study area.
[Objective]To calculate the benefits and cost of four green water management measures,in order to provide a new reference pattern for ecological restoration of Xixi watershed,and provide support for improving water resources management mechanisms.[Methods]Taking Xixi watershed of the Jijiang basin as the study area,four green water management measures including stone lines,bench terraces,contour tillage and mulching were simulated by soil and water assessment tool(SWAT)model.The benefits of four measures in increasing green water,soil conservation,water quality protection and agricultural income were calculated,and the benefit and cost of each measure was analyzed.[Results](1) The benefit-cost ratio of stone lines,bench terraces and contour tillage was 19.52,13.03 and 6.98,respectively,which were far greater than 1,so those three green water management measures were suitable for popularization and application in Xixi watershed.The average benefit-cost ratio of the three measures was 10.18,and the average cost of the three measures in Xixi watershed was 3.97 million RMB per year,and the average benefit of that was 40.47 million RMB per year.(2) The benefit-cost ratio of mulching was only 0.63,so it was not suitable for application in the study area at present.[Conclusion]The environmental and economic benefits of stone lines,bench terraces,contour tillage are good and have a good application prospect.Further exploration should be made to reduce the cost of mulching,and the financial subsidies are also need to be provided,so as to promote the application of the green water management measures in the study area.
引文
[1]Falkenmark,M.Coping with Water Scarcity under Rapid Population Growth[C]∥Conference of SADC Minister,Pretoria,1995:23-24.
[2]Adeogun G,Sule B F,Salami A W.Cost effectiveness of sediment management strategies for mitigation of sedimentation at Jebba Hydropower reservoir,Nigeria[J].Journal of King Saud University-Engineering Sciences,2018,30(2):141-149.
[3]Hunink J E,Immerzeel W W,Droogers P.Green Water Credits for the Upper Tana Basin,Kenya(PhaseⅡ):Pilot Operations:Biophysical assessment using SWAT[R].Isric,2009.
[4]Kauffmana S,Droogers P,Hunink J E,et al.Green Water Credits-exploring its potential to enhance ecosystem services by reducing soil erosion in the Upper Tana basin,Kenya[J].International Journal of Biodiversity Science,Ecosystem Services&Management,2014,10(2):133-143.
[5]Hunink J E,Droogers P,Kauffmana S,et al.Quantitative simulation tools to analyze up and downstream interactions of soil and water conservation measures:Supporting policy making in the Green Water Credits program of Kenya[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2012,111:187-194.
[6]杨国胜,黄介生,李建.基于SWAT模型的绿水管理生态补偿标准研究[J].水利学报,2016,47(6):809-815.
[7]王林,张明旭,陈兴伟.基于SWAT模型的晋江西溪流域径流模拟[J].亚热带资源与环境学报,2007,2(1):28-33.
[8]陈志强.区域多尺度LUCC及空间数据库研究[D].福建福州,福建师范大学,2006.
[9]福建省水文总站.中华人民共和国水文年鉴1972-1979年第7卷浙闽台河流水文资料[M].福州:福建省水文总站,1975-1981:112-180.
[10]福建省气象局.福建省晋江气候资料1951-1980[M].福州,福建省气象局,1981:21-65.
[11]荣琨,陈兴伟,林文娇.晋江西溪流域非点源污染的SWAT模型模拟[J].亚热带资源与环境学报,2008,3(4):37-43.
[12]王晓娟,黄高宝,李卿沛,等.不同耕作措施下旱地春小麦田和豌豆田的蒸发蒸腾特性及产量效应[J].干旱区资源与环境,2010,24(5):172-177.
[13]秦舒浩,黄高宝.不同耕作措施下绿洲灌区冬小麦蒸发蒸腾特性及产量效应[J].中国生态农业学报,2008,16(3):611-614.
[14]Brandsma J,Eertwegh G A,Droogers P,et al.Green and blue water resources for the Upper Duhe Basin:Soil and water management scenarios using the soil and water assessment tool SWAT:Feasibility study[R].Future Water Report 126,2013.
[15]王云凡.机械化秸秆还田技术的应用成本分析[J].江苏农机化,2010,34(6):49-50.
[2]Adeogun G,Sule B F,Salami A W.Cost effectiveness of sediment management strategies for mitigation of sedimentation at Jebba Hydropower reservoir,Nigeria[J].Journal of King Saud University-Engineering Sciences,2018,30(2):141-149.
[3]Hunink J E,Immerzeel W W,Droogers P.Green Water Credits for the Upper Tana Basin,Kenya(PhaseⅡ):Pilot Operations:Biophysical assessment using SWAT[R].Isric,2009.
[4]Kauffmana S,Droogers P,Hunink J E,et al.Green Water Credits-exploring its potential to enhance ecosystem services by reducing soil erosion in the Upper Tana basin,Kenya[J].International Journal of Biodiversity Science,Ecosystem Services&Management,2014,10(2):133-143.
[5]Hunink J E,Droogers P,Kauffmana S,et al.Quantitative simulation tools to analyze up and downstream interactions of soil and water conservation measures:Supporting policy making in the Green Water Credits program of Kenya[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2012,111:187-194.
[6]杨国胜,黄介生,李建.基于SWAT模型的绿水管理生态补偿标准研究[J].水利学报,2016,47(6):809-815.
[7]王林,张明旭,陈兴伟.基于SWAT模型的晋江西溪流域径流模拟[J].亚热带资源与环境学报,2007,2(1):28-33.
[8]陈志强.区域多尺度LUCC及空间数据库研究[D].福建福州,福建师范大学,2006.
[9]福建省水文总站.中华人民共和国水文年鉴1972-1979年第7卷浙闽台河流水文资料[M].福州:福建省水文总站,1975-1981:112-180.
[10]福建省气象局.福建省晋江气候资料1951-1980[M].福州,福建省气象局,1981:21-65.
[11]荣琨,陈兴伟,林文娇.晋江西溪流域非点源污染的SWAT模型模拟[J].亚热带资源与环境学报,2008,3(4):37-43.
[12]王晓娟,黄高宝,李卿沛,等.不同耕作措施下旱地春小麦田和豌豆田的蒸发蒸腾特性及产量效应[J].干旱区资源与环境,2010,24(5):172-177.
[13]秦舒浩,黄高宝.不同耕作措施下绿洲灌区冬小麦蒸发蒸腾特性及产量效应[J].中国生态农业学报,2008,16(3):611-614.
[14]Brandsma J,Eertwegh G A,Droogers P,et al.Green and blue water resources for the Upper Duhe Basin:Soil and water management scenarios using the soil and water assessment tool SWAT:Feasibility study[R].Future Water Report 126,2013.
[15]王云凡.机械化秸秆还田技术的应用成本分析[J].江苏农机化,2010,34(6):49-50.