海绵城市中海绵体的蚊幼孳生现状及成因分析——以池州市为例
|
摘要
海绵城市的建设是为了解决城市水问题,但由于积水,海绵体中可能伴生着蚊幼孳生的风险.为研究海绵体中蚊幼虫孳生现状及其成因,为其蚊害防治提供相关依据,本研究于2017年3月至2017年11月,对池州市典型海绵体进行积水、水质和蚊幼监测.结果表明,池州一中雨水湿塘1(溢流口)中水质较差(劣V类),积水时间较长(2～3个月),周边血源充足,天敌缺失,存在蚊幼孳生现象,蚊幼虫密度在2017年6月至8月分别为1.6条/勺、2.2条/勺、1.0条/勺,勺指数为100%、50%和20%,存在一定蚊害风险,需采取相关措施.其余海绵体未发现蚊幼.海绵体建设可能增加蚊虫孳生,因此在海绵体的规划设计及运行维护阶段都需考虑该风险.
The goal of a sponge city is to solve the water problems faced by a city.However, there may exist risks of larvae breeding owing to the stagnant water in sponges.In order to study the status of larvae breeding and its factors in sponges, as a basis for mosquito prevention and control, this study monitored stagnant water, water quality,and mosquito larvae of typical sponges in Chizhou from March to August of 2017. The results showed that larvae bred in Rain Pond 1 of Chizhou No.l Middle School because of poor water quality(below Class V), extended duration of water retention(2-3 months),adequate blood meal, and the lack of predators; however, larvae were not found in the rest of the sponges. The monthly larvae densities from June to August of 2017 were 1.6,2.2 and 1.0 per dip, respectively, with 100%, 50%, and 20% dip index, requiring related control management. Accordingly, this risk should be considered in the planning, design,and maintenance stages of a sponge.
The goal of a sponge city is to solve the water problems faced by a city.However, there may exist risks of larvae breeding owing to the stagnant water in sponges.In order to study the status of larvae breeding and its factors in sponges, as a basis for mosquito prevention and control, this study monitored stagnant water, water quality,and mosquito larvae of typical sponges in Chizhou from March to August of 2017. The results showed that larvae bred in Rain Pond 1 of Chizhou No.l Middle School because of poor water quality(below Class V), extended duration of water retention(2-3 months),adequate blood meal, and the lack of predators; however, larvae were not found in the rest of the sponges. The monthly larvae densities from June to August of 2017 were 1.6,2.2 and 1.0 per dip, respectively, with 100%, 50%, and 20% dip index, requiring related control management. Accordingly, this risk should be considered in the planning, design,and maintenance stages of a sponge.
引文
[1]徐宁,戴启培.基于海绵城市的绿地建设方案设计研究——以试点海绵城市池州为例[J].居业,2015, 16:41-42.
[2]陈奇.上海某组合式污水处理试验系统中蚊虫孳生规律及影响因素研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2017.
[3]徐承龙,姜志宽.蚊虫防制(二)——蚊虫的生态习性与常见种类[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2006, 12(5):403-407.
[4]孙斌,李艳丽.“海绵体”建设初探——以池州一中为例[C]//中国城市规划协会,沈阳市人民政府.规划60年:成就与挑战——2016中国城市规划年会论文集(07城市生态规划).北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2016.
[5]何祥亮,许克祥.池州市升金湖流域生态环境保护规划研究[J].安徽农业科学,2018, 46(12):57-60.
[6]王晓军,张彦平,张荣珍,等.中国1998-2002年流行性乙型脑炎流行趋势分析[J].中国计划免疫,2004, 10(4):215-217.
[7]MERETA S T, YEWHALAW D, BOETS P, et al. Physico-chemical and biological characterization of anopheline mosquito larval habitats(Diptera:Culicidae):Implications for malaria control[J]. Parasites&Vectors, 2013(6):320.
[8]徐友祥,徐仁权,王士珍.室外环境积水引起蚊幼孳生的状况调查[J].上海预防医学杂志,2004, 16(4):153-156.
[9]徐承龙,姜志宽.蚊虫防治(六)——蚊虫调查与灭校考核[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2014, 20(6):520-523.
[10]高强,曹晖,张振东,等.白纹伊蚊在上海城区地面雨水井的孳生状况分析[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2016, 22(6):563-568.
[11] LINSER P J, SMITH K E, SERON T J, et al. Carbonic anhydrases and anion transport in mosquito midgut pH regulation[J]. The Journal of Experimental Biology, 2009, 212(11):1662-1671.
[12]张世萍,杨洲,聂刘明,等.影响库蚊幼虫摄食鱼腥藻的因素[J].水生生物学报,2002, 26(1):39-41.
[13] BECKER N. Influence of climate change on mosquito development and mosquito-borne diseases in Europe[J].Parasitology Research, 2008, 103(1):19-28.
[14] GIANOTTI R L, BOMBLIES A, ELTAHIR E A B. Hydrologic modeling to screen potential environmental management methods for malaria vector control in Niger[J]. Water Resources Research, 2009, 45, W08438.DOI:10.1029/2008WR007567.
[15]马明海.城市河道水环境修复对蚊虫孳生影响的模拟试验与现场实证研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2017.
[2]陈奇.上海某组合式污水处理试验系统中蚊虫孳生规律及影响因素研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2017.
[3]徐承龙,姜志宽.蚊虫防制(二)——蚊虫的生态习性与常见种类[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2006, 12(5):403-407.
[4]孙斌,李艳丽.“海绵体”建设初探——以池州一中为例[C]//中国城市规划协会,沈阳市人民政府.规划60年:成就与挑战——2016中国城市规划年会论文集(07城市生态规划).北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2016.
[5]何祥亮,许克祥.池州市升金湖流域生态环境保护规划研究[J].安徽农业科学,2018, 46(12):57-60.
[6]王晓军,张彦平,张荣珍,等.中国1998-2002年流行性乙型脑炎流行趋势分析[J].中国计划免疫,2004, 10(4):215-217.
[7]MERETA S T, YEWHALAW D, BOETS P, et al. Physico-chemical and biological characterization of anopheline mosquito larval habitats(Diptera:Culicidae):Implications for malaria control[J]. Parasites&Vectors, 2013(6):320.
[8]徐友祥,徐仁权,王士珍.室外环境积水引起蚊幼孳生的状况调查[J].上海预防医学杂志,2004, 16(4):153-156.
[9]徐承龙,姜志宽.蚊虫防治(六)——蚊虫调查与灭校考核[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2014, 20(6):520-523.
[10]高强,曹晖,张振东,等.白纹伊蚊在上海城区地面雨水井的孳生状况分析[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2016, 22(6):563-568.
[11] LINSER P J, SMITH K E, SERON T J, et al. Carbonic anhydrases and anion transport in mosquito midgut pH regulation[J]. The Journal of Experimental Biology, 2009, 212(11):1662-1671.
[12]张世萍,杨洲,聂刘明,等.影响库蚊幼虫摄食鱼腥藻的因素[J].水生生物学报,2002, 26(1):39-41.
[13] BECKER N. Influence of climate change on mosquito development and mosquito-borne diseases in Europe[J].Parasitology Research, 2008, 103(1):19-28.
[14] GIANOTTI R L, BOMBLIES A, ELTAHIR E A B. Hydrologic modeling to screen potential environmental management methods for malaria vector control in Niger[J]. Water Resources Research, 2009, 45, W08438.DOI:10.1029/2008WR007567.
[15]马明海.城市河道水环境修复对蚊虫孳生影响的模拟试验与现场实证研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2017.