基于层次分析法的危旧房屋安全分析评价体系构建——以杭州市危旧房屋结构安全分级为例
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摘要
20世纪70、80年代初期建造的多层房屋因资金短缺、制度缺失,导致设计标准低,建造施工质量差,加上使用不当等原因使得建筑的安全系数逐年降低。在查阅已有研究成果的基础上,以合理有效的建立危旧房屋结构安全性分级评价体系为研究对象,从多个角度出发,对影响到杭州市危旧房屋结构安全性的各因素进行分析,构建了以"建筑本体因素"、"人为因素"、"环境影响因素"为主要分类的四级杭州市危旧房屋结构安全性评价因子集合。通过层次分析法及专家评分法,得出了各因子的权重配比,再以杭州市某多层危旧房屋为例,将专家对其评分数据进行数理计算,确定建筑的安全性等级,以验证该评价方法的可行性。
At the beginning of 70 s and 80 s in 20 th, due to the shortage of funds and the incomplete institution,it led to the design of low standard, poor quality of construction, and improper use,which made the safety of old multi-storey building reduce year by year.On the basis of the existing research, this paper establishes a reasonable and effective method of the old housing safety classification evaluation system. It analyses the structural safety factors of the old houses in Hangzhou in the varied views. Based on AHP it establishes the four grades of the old housing structure safety evaluation in Hangzhou city constructing of three factors including the building body,human factors and environmental factors.Through the expert scoring method,it concludes the weights of each factor.At the end taking a multi-storey old house as an example, it calculates the data of the experts score and then determine the building safety. The feasibility of the evaluation method has been verified.
At the beginning of 70 s and 80 s in 20 th, due to the shortage of funds and the incomplete institution,it led to the design of low standard, poor quality of construction, and improper use,which made the safety of old multi-storey building reduce year by year.On the basis of the existing research, this paper establishes a reasonable and effective method of the old housing safety classification evaluation system. It analyses the structural safety factors of the old houses in Hangzhou in the varied views. Based on AHP it establishes the four grades of the old housing structure safety evaluation in Hangzhou city constructing of three factors including the building body,human factors and environmental factors.Through the expert scoring method,it concludes the weights of each factor.At the end taking a multi-storey old house as an example, it calculates the data of the experts score and then determine the building safety. The feasibility of the evaluation method has been verified.
引文
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[2] 苏星. 基于安全设计的公共建筑危险性分级评价初探[D]. 重庆:重庆大学,2007.
[3] 林岭. 人员密集公共建筑安全分级评价初探[D]. 重庆:重庆大学,2006.
[4] 宋小雷,汤东婴,张莉. 某卫生院大楼改造前安全及抗震检测鉴定[C]. 土木工程检测鉴定与加固改造新进展.2014.
[5] 杨嗣信. 建筑物综合环境性能评价体系[M]. 北京:中国建筑工业出版,2005.
[6] 欧进萍等. 现役结构安全评估的环境荷载标准研究[J]. 工业建筑,1995,25(8):16-21.
[7] 沈莹,郑建国,陈龙珠. 工程结构环境振动影响评价指标研究[J]. 工程抗震与加固改造,2010,32(5):1-7.
[8] Siu M L.A fire safety assessment system for existing buildings[J].Fire Tech,1999,35(2):131-152.
[9] 夏仁宝,夏经纬. 某多层砖混住宅倒塌原因浅析及教训[C].土木工程检测鉴定与加固改造新进展.2014.
[10] 陈肇源. 结构设计规范应确保建筑物合理使用寿命的要求[J]. 建筑结构,2008,38(3):124-128.
[11] 许开立等. 安全等级特征量及其计算方法[J]. 中国安全科学学报,1999(6):12-15.