红外探测中潜艇冷热尾流的传热传质特性
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摘要
本文采用有限体积法建立了1/72龙鲨Ⅱ号核潜艇的三维计算模型,结合动参考系、用户自定义函数和物性多项式函数等实现了高速旋转螺旋桨和海水温度密度分层的仿真。基于该模型,探讨了螺旋桨高速旋转、海水温度密度分层和高温热尾流喷射等因素对潜艇冷热尾流传热传质特性的影响,所得结论如下:高速旋转螺旋桨促使热尾流后向延迟距离增大、海表温差减小,忽略旋转时海表温差的绝对误差和相对误差分别为3.23mK和52.7%;水下航行潜艇扰动温度密度分层海水浮升形成冷尾流温差信号,与温度密度均匀海水相比,海表温变区域显著增大、尾流温差由6.13mK增大到84mK;通过海表上游冷尾流特征判断是否存在水下航行潜艇,若存在,再结合海表下游热尾流特征实现潜艇位置的精确反演。上述结论可为优化潜艇冷热尾流的数值仿真精度提供参考与借鉴。
The three-dimensional model of 1/72 LSII nuclear submarine was established using the finite volume method,and the simulation of high-speed rotating propeller and temperature-density stratified seawater were realized combining the frame motion,user defined functions and physical polynomial profile.Based on this model,the influences of factors such as high-speed rotating propeller,temperature-density stratified seawater and high-temperature thermal spray on the heat and mass transfer characteristics of submarine cold-thermal wake were discussed.The results indicate that highspeed rotating propeller induces the increase of backward delay distance of thermal wake and the decreases of sea surface temperature difference.Ignoring the rotation,absolute error and relative error of sea surface temperature difference is 3.23 mK and 52.7%respectively.Cold wake signal is formed by the rise of temperature-density stratified seawater which is disturbed by underwater navigation submarine.Compared with temperature-density uniform seawater,temperature-change area increasessignificantly and wake temperature difference rises from 6.13 mK to 84 mK.Existence of underwater navigation submarine can be judged by the cold wake characteristics in the upstream sea surface;if submarine exists,its position can be inversed precisely combining the thermal wake characteristics in the downstream sea surface.The above results can provide reference for optimizing the simulation accuracy of submarine cold-thermal wake.
The three-dimensional model of 1/72 LSII nuclear submarine was established using the finite volume method,and the simulation of high-speed rotating propeller and temperature-density stratified seawater were realized combining the frame motion,user defined functions and physical polynomial profile.Based on this model,the influences of factors such as high-speed rotating propeller,temperature-density stratified seawater and high-temperature thermal spray on the heat and mass transfer characteristics of submarine cold-thermal wake were discussed.The results indicate that highspeed rotating propeller induces the increase of backward delay distance of thermal wake and the decreases of sea surface temperature difference.Ignoring the rotation,absolute error and relative error of sea surface temperature difference is 3.23 mK and 52.7%respectively.Cold wake signal is formed by the rise of temperature-density stratified seawater which is disturbed by underwater navigation submarine.Compared with temperature-density uniform seawater,temperature-change area increasessignificantly and wake temperature difference rises from 6.13 mK to 84 mK.Existence of underwater navigation submarine can be judged by the cold wake characteristics in the upstream sea surface;if submarine exists,its position can be inversed precisely combining the thermal wake characteristics in the downstream sea surface.The above results can provide reference for optimizing the simulation accuracy of submarine cold-thermal wake.
引文
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[2]杨日杰,蒋志忠,陈建勇,等.航空搜潜研究综述[J].海军航空工程学院学报,2010,25(5):552-558.YANG R J,JIANG ZH ZH,CHEN J Y,et al..A survey of aviation searching submarine[J].Journal of Naval Aeronautical and Astronautical University,2010,25(5):552-558.(in Chinese)
[3]陈圣涛,刘焕英,齐异.潜艇热尾流在海洋环境中的传质传热特性研究[C].中国造船工程学会优秀学术论文集,2010.CHEN SH T,LIU H Y,QI Y.Research on the heat and mass transfer characteristics of submarine thermal wake in marine environment[C].The Conference Proceedings of Chinese Shipbuilding Project Learns,2010.(in Chinese)
[4]蒋志忠,杨日杰,李德鑫,等.机载红外探测仪检查搜潜建模与仿真[J].红外与激光工程,2011,40(3):390-396.JIANG ZH ZH,YANG R J,LI D X,et al..Modeling and simulation for checking search submarine by airborne infrared detectors[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2011,40(3):390-396.(in Chinese)
[5]CHEN SH T,ZHONG J J,SUN P.Numerical simulation and experimental study of the submarines cold wake temperature character[J].Journal of Thermal Science,2014,23(3):253-258.
[6]王建勋,邓海华,孙国仓.针对遥感探潜的潜艇红外隐身技术评价方法[J].船舶电子工程,2015,35(10):176-181.WANG J X,DENG H H,SUN G C.Efficiency evaluation system for infrared stealth according to remote sensing detection of submarine[J].Ship Electronic Engineering,2015,35(10):176-181.(in Chinese)
[7]师于杰,任海刚.国外非声探潜与隐身技术发展趋势[J].船舶电子工程,2015,35(1):5-9.SHI Y J,REN H G.Trends of foreign non-acoustics exploration potential and stealth technology[J].Ship Electronic Engineering,2015,35(1):5-9.(in Chinese)
[8]江传富,杨坤涛,王江安,等.机载红外热像探潜技术[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2006,34(7):90-92.JIANG CH F,YANG K T,WANG J A,et al..Detection of submarine by airborne IR imaging system[J].Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Nature Science Edition),2006,34(7):90-92.(in Chinese)
[9]吴猛猛,陈伯义,张修峰,等.温度分层海洋中水下航行体引起水面特征参数变化规律的研究[J].红外技术,2010,32(4):242-246.WU M M,CHEN B Y,ZHANG X F,et al..Study on the varied laws of surface feature parameters caused by agoing body underwater in the temperature stratification ocean[J].Infrared Technology,2010,32(4):242-246.(in Chinese)
[10]陈伯义,雷渡民,吴猛猛,等.水下运动体尾流的浮升规律及其水面冷热特征的数值模拟[J].红外与激光工程,2012,41(5):1140-1146.CHEN B Y,LEI D M,WU M M,et al..Numerical simulation on the buoyant laws and the cold-thermal surface features of the wake behind a moving underwater body[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2012,41(5):1140-1146.(in Chinese)
[11]戴天奇,姚世卫,魏志国.基于动网格技术的潜艇热尾流浮升规律研究[J].舰船科学技术,2015,37(5):86-89.DAI T Q,YAO SH W,WEI ZH G.Numerical simulation of thermal wake buoyant law based on dynamic meshing technique[J].Ship Science and Technology,2015,37(5):86-89.(in Chinese)
[12]张昊春,吉宇,马锐,等.水下航行体热尾流浮升特性研究[J].舰船科学技术,2015,37(7):24-28.ZHANG H CH,JI Y,MA R,et al..Buoyant characteristics of thermal wakes discharged by underwater vehicles[J].Ship Science and Technology,2015,37(7):24-28.(in Chinese)