不同初始温度下脉冲大电流直线电机驱动性能研究
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摘要
两条金属轨道间的滑块在大电流的驱动下可获得高速,滑块与轨道接触界面的热特性影响接触状况和系统性能。本文利用电加热装置对轨道进行预加热,通过预加热来模拟电机连续推进下的热量累积。在滑块型号、质量、驱动电流基本一致的前提下,进行不同初始温度条件下的电机单次启动试验。通过温度、驱动电流、电压、运动速度等数据对大电流直线电机的性能进行分析,研究结果对于连续运行试验和避免转捩研究具有一定理论指导意义和工程应用参考价值。
The slider between two metal rails can get high speed under the drive of large current,and the thermal characteristics of the contact interface between the slider and the rails can affect the contact condition and the system performance. In this paper,the electric heating device is used to heat the rails,simulating the continuous heat accumulation of the motor by preheating. In the case that the slider type,mass,and driving current are basically consistent,the single starting test of motor is carried out with different initial temperature conditions. The performance of high current linear motor is analyzed by the data of temperature,driving current,voltage and motion speed and so on,laying a theoretical foundation and data support for continuous running test and avoiding transition.
The slider between two metal rails can get high speed under the drive of large current,and the thermal characteristics of the contact interface between the slider and the rails can affect the contact condition and the system performance. In this paper,the electric heating device is used to heat the rails,simulating the continuous heat accumulation of the motor by preheating. In the case that the slider type,mass,and driving current are basically consistent,the single starting test of motor is carried out with different initial temperature conditions. The performance of high current linear motor is analyzed by the data of temperature,driving current,voltage and motion speed and so on,laying a theoretical foundation and data support for continuous running test and avoiding transition.
引文
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[16]李昕,翁春生(Li Xin,Weng Chunsheng).块状固体电枢非稳态电磁效应的三维数值模拟(Three-dimensional numerical simulation of the non steady state electromagnetic effect of a lump solid armature)[J].弹道学报(Journal of Ballistics),2009,21(1):103-106.
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[21]于海鹰,李琪,索琳,等(Yu Haiying,Li Qi,Suo Lin,et al.).分布式光纤测温技术综述(Performance analysis of distributed fiber sensing technology)[J].光学仪器(Optical Instrument),2013,35(5):90-94.
[22]周广丽,鄂书林,邓文渊(Zhou Guangli,E Shulin,Deng Wenyuan).光纤温度传感器的研究和应用(Development and application of optical fiber temperature sensor)[J].光通信技术(Optical Communication Technology). 2007,(6):54-57.
[23]程诚,关永超,何勇,等(Cheng Cheng, Guan Yongchao,He Yong,et al.).磁探针方法测串联增强型固体电枢电磁轨道炮内弹道速度(Measurement of solid armature’s in-bore velocity using B-dot probes in series enhanced railgun)[J].高电压物理学报(Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics),2013,27(6):901-907
[24]曹昭君,何俊佳,王子建,等(Cao Zhaojun,He Junjia,Wang Zijian,et al.).电磁发射中固体电枢的磁探针测速方法研究(Research on velocity measurement of solid armature by B-dot probes in electromagnetic launch)[J].高电压技术(High Voltage Engineering),2006,32(6):56-59.
[25]刘福才,李欢,王大正,等(Liu Fucai,Li Huan,Wang Dazheng,et al.).基于B探针的膛内电枢速度测量系统研究(Research on velocity measurement of solid armature in electromagnetic launch based on B-dot probes)[J].兵工学报(Acta Armamentarii),2014,35(6):762-768.
[26]徐伟东,袁伟群,谢克瑜,等(Xu Weidong,Yuan Weiqun,Xie Keyu,et al.).电枢膛内位置及速度的直接接触式测量方法(Direct measurement of position and velocity of armature inside electromagnetic launcher)[J].高电压技术(High Voltage Engineering),2014,40(4):1110-1115.
[27]Ray W F. Rogowski transducers for high bandwidth high current measurement[A]. IEE Colloquium on Low Frequency Power Measurement and Analysis(Digest No.1994/203)[C]. 1994. 10/1-10/6.
[28]戴建华,李开成(Dai Jianhua,Li Kaicheng).基于Rogowski线圈的大电流测量(Heavy current measurement based on Rogowski coil)[J].高电压技术(High Voltage Engineering),2002,28(1):1-3.
[29]陈允,徐伟东,袁伟群,等(Chen Yun,Xu Weidong,Yuan Weiqun,et al.).电磁发射中铝电枢与不同材料导轨间的滑动电接触特性(Sliding electrical contact between aluminum armature and different materials rails in railgun)[J].高电压技术(High Voltage Engineering),2013,39(4):937-942.
[2]Smith A N,McGlasson B T,Bernardes J S. Heat generation during the firing of a capacitor-based railgun system[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2007,43(1):190-193.
[3]Nearing J C,Huerta M A. Skin and heating effects of railgun current[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,1989,25(1):381-386.
[4]Stefani F,Levinson S,Satapathy S,et al. Electrodynamic transition in solid armature railguns[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2001,37(1):101-105.
[5]刘传谱,袁伟群,严萍,等(Liu Chuanpu,Yuan Weiqun,Yan Ping,et al.).重复推进滑动电接触的试验研究(Experimental study of sliding electrical contacts in a multi shot railgun)[J].强激光与粒子束(High Power Laser and Particle Beams),2010,22(4):923-926.
[6]徐伟东,袁伟群,陈允,等(Xu Weidong,Yuan Weiqun,Chen Yun,et al.).电磁轨道驱动器连续驱动的滑动电接触(Sliding electrical contact performance of electromagnetic launcher system in rapid fire mode)[J].强激光与粒子束(High Power Laser and Particle Beams),2012,24(3):668-672.
[7]Powell J D,Zielinski A E. Ohmic heating in a double-taper sabot-armature[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2003,39(1):153-157.
[8]Powell J D,Zielinski A E. Two-dimensional current diffusion in the rails of a railgun[R]. US Army Research Lab,2008.
[9]Zhao H,Souza J A,Ordonez J C. Thermal model for electromagnetic launchers[J]. Electromagnetic Launcher,2008,7:59-64.
[10]Zhao H,Souza J A,Ordonez J C. Three-dimensional launch simulation and active cooling analysis of a singleshot electromagnetic railgun[J]. Simulation-Transactions of the Society for Modeling and Simulation International,2014,90(12):1312-1327.
[11]Bozic O,Giese P. Aerothermodynamic aspects of railgunassisted launches of projectiles with sub-and low-earth-orbit payloads[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2007,43(1):474-479.
[12]Lancelle D,Bozic O. Thermal protection,aerodynamics and control simulation of an electromagnetically launched projectile[A]. 2014 17th International Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology[C]. 2014. 1-6.
[13]Ghassemi M,Pasandeh R. Thermal and electromagnetic analysis of an electromagnetic launcher[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2003,39(3):1819-1822.
[14]Ghassemi M,Barsi Y M. Effect of liquid film(indium)on thermal and electromagnetic distribution of an electromagnetic launcher with new armature[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2005,41(1):408-413.
[15]Ghassemi M,Ghassemi A,Ziabasharhagh M. Thermal stress analysis of the rails and the armature of an electromagnetic launcher[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2009,45(1):293-297.
[16]李昕,翁春生(Li Xin,Weng Chunsheng).块状固体电枢非稳态电磁效应的三维数值模拟(Three-dimensional numerical simulation of the non steady state electromagnetic effect of a lump solid armature)[J].弹道学报(Journal of Ballistics),2009,21(1):103-106.
[17]李昕(Li Xin).电磁轨道炮电枢特性理论研究(Theoretical study on armature characteristics of electromagnetic rail gun)[D].南京:南京理工大学(Nanjing:Nanjing University of Science and Technology),2009.
[18]李鹤,雷彬,吕庆敖,等(Li He,Lei Bin,Lv Qing’ao,et al.).电磁轨道炮电枢接触界面温度场仿真研究(Simulation of temperature distribution on contact surface of armature for electromagnetic railgun)[J].润滑与密封(Lubrication and Sealing),2012,37(11):22-26,38.
[19]Li He,Lei Bin,Lv Qing’ao,et al. Analysis on thermal character of interface between rail and armature for electromagnetic railgun[J]. IEEE Transactions on PlasmaScience,2013,41(5):1426-1430.
[20]张玉燕,王微,王振春,等(Zhang Yuyan,Wang Wei,Wang Zhenchun,et al.).基于红外辐射原理的高速滑动电接触温度测量(Temperature measurement on high speed sliding electrical contact based on principle infrared radiation)[J].光学学报(Acta Optica Sinica),2013,33(11):1112004.
[21]于海鹰,李琪,索琳,等(Yu Haiying,Li Qi,Suo Lin,et al.).分布式光纤测温技术综述(Performance analysis of distributed fiber sensing technology)[J].光学仪器(Optical Instrument),2013,35(5):90-94.
[22]周广丽,鄂书林,邓文渊(Zhou Guangli,E Shulin,Deng Wenyuan).光纤温度传感器的研究和应用(Development and application of optical fiber temperature sensor)[J].光通信技术(Optical Communication Technology). 2007,(6):54-57.
[23]程诚,关永超,何勇,等(Cheng Cheng, Guan Yongchao,He Yong,et al.).磁探针方法测串联增强型固体电枢电磁轨道炮内弹道速度(Measurement of solid armature’s in-bore velocity using B-dot probes in series enhanced railgun)[J].高电压物理学报(Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics),2013,27(6):901-907
[24]曹昭君,何俊佳,王子建,等(Cao Zhaojun,He Junjia,Wang Zijian,et al.).电磁发射中固体电枢的磁探针测速方法研究(Research on velocity measurement of solid armature by B-dot probes in electromagnetic launch)[J].高电压技术(High Voltage Engineering),2006,32(6):56-59.
[25]刘福才,李欢,王大正,等(Liu Fucai,Li Huan,Wang Dazheng,et al.).基于B探针的膛内电枢速度测量系统研究(Research on velocity measurement of solid armature in electromagnetic launch based on B-dot probes)[J].兵工学报(Acta Armamentarii),2014,35(6):762-768.
[26]徐伟东,袁伟群,谢克瑜,等(Xu Weidong,Yuan Weiqun,Xie Keyu,et al.).电枢膛内位置及速度的直接接触式测量方法(Direct measurement of position and velocity of armature inside electromagnetic launcher)[J].高电压技术(High Voltage Engineering),2014,40(4):1110-1115.
[27]Ray W F. Rogowski transducers for high bandwidth high current measurement[A]. IEE Colloquium on Low Frequency Power Measurement and Analysis(Digest No.1994/203)[C]. 1994. 10/1-10/6.
[28]戴建华,李开成(Dai Jianhua,Li Kaicheng).基于Rogowski线圈的大电流测量(Heavy current measurement based on Rogowski coil)[J].高电压技术(High Voltage Engineering),2002,28(1):1-3.
[29]陈允,徐伟东,袁伟群,等(Chen Yun,Xu Weidong,Yuan Weiqun,et al.).电磁发射中铝电枢与不同材料导轨间的滑动电接触特性(Sliding electrical contact between aluminum armature and different materials rails in railgun)[J].高电压技术(High Voltage Engineering),2013,39(4):937-942.