齿轮局部故障振动信号分析及提取方法研究
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摘要
以齿轮局部故障为研究对象,建立了齿轮故障的振动模型,导出了齿轮局部故障的振动机理,分析了齿轮无故障振动信号和齿轮局部故障振动信号成分的异同点。在MATLAB环境下,采用小波变换算法对故障信号进行降噪处理,用希尔伯特变换对故障振动信号进行解调处理。结果表明,小波变换对强噪声干扰的机械振动信号能够进行有效的降噪处理,希尔伯特变换能从降噪后的故障振动信号中提取齿轮局部故障的特征信息。该结果在机械故障诊断中具有良好的实用价值。
In this paper, a gear fault vibration model is established, with the gear vibration mechanism of local failure occurs exported, and the similarities and differences between the gear fault-free vibration signal and the local fault vibration signal analyzed. In the MATLAB environment, the wavelet transform algorithm is used to de-noising the fault signal, with the fault vibration signal demodulated with Hilbert transform. The results show that the wavelet transform can effectively reduce the noise of the mechanical vibration signal with strong noise. Hilbert transform can extract the local fault feature information from the fault vibration signals after noise reduction. The results have important theoretical significance and good practical value in mechanical fault diagnosis.
In this paper, a gear fault vibration model is established, with the gear vibration mechanism of local failure occurs exported, and the similarities and differences between the gear fault-free vibration signal and the local fault vibration signal analyzed. In the MATLAB environment, the wavelet transform algorithm is used to de-noising the fault signal, with the fault vibration signal demodulated with Hilbert transform. The results show that the wavelet transform can effectively reduce the noise of the mechanical vibration signal with strong noise. Hilbert transform can extract the local fault feature information from the fault vibration signals after noise reduction. The results have important theoretical significance and good practical value in mechanical fault diagnosis.
引文
[1] 张全林.齿轮故障的振动机理与诊断方法研究[D].宜昌:三峡大学,2013.ZHANG Quanlin.Study on vibration mechanism and diagnosis method of gear fault[D].Yichang:China Three Gorges University,2013.
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[10] 李志农,朱明,褚福磊,等.基于经验小波变换的机械故障诊断方法研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2014,35(11):2423-2432.LI Zhinong,ZHU Ming,CHU Fulei,et al.Mechanical fault diagnosis method based on empirical wavelet transform[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2014,35(11):2423-2432.
[11] 于洋,杨平,杨理践.基于小波变换与统计分析的转子碰摩声发射特性研究[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(9):130-134.YU Yang,YANG Ping,YANG Lijian.Acoutic emission characteristics of rotor rubbing based on wavelet transform and statistical analysis[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2013,32(9):130-134.
[2] BAYDAR N,BALL A.Detection of gear failures via vibration and acoustics signals using wavelet transform[J].Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2003,17(4):787-804.
[3] PENG Z,CHU F,HE Y.Vibration signal analysis and feature extraction based on reassigned wavelet scalogram[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2002,253(5):1087-1100.
[4] 张君东,潘宏侠,刘春林.基于小波和神经网络的齿轮箱故障诊断[J].煤矿机械,2014,35(8):268-270.ZHANG Jundong,PAN Hongxia,LIU Chunlin.Gearbox fault diagnosis based on wavelet and neural network[J].Coal Mine Machinery,2014,35(8):268-270.
[5] RANDALL R B.Detection and diagnosis of incipient bearing failure in helicopter gearboxes[J].Engineering Failure Analysis,2004,11(2):177-190.
[6] TSE P W,PENG Y H,YAM R.Wavelet analysis and envelope detection for rolling element bearing fault diagnosis:their effectiveness and flexibilities[J].Journal of Vibration and Acoustics,2001,123(3):303-310.
[7] ELASHA F,GREAVES M,MBA D.Bearing signal separation of commercial helicopter main gearbox[C]// 5th International Conference on Through-Life Engineering Services,Cranfield,England,Nov 1-2,Procedia CIRP,2017:111-115.
[8] RANDALL R B,ANTONI J,CHOBSAARD S.The relationship between spectral correlation and envelope analysis in the diagnostics of bearing faults and other cyclostationary machine signals[J].Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2001,15(5):945-962.
[9] 吴雅朋,王吉芳,徐小力,等.基于小波分析的FastICA联合降噪方法在滚动轴承故障诊断中的应用研究[J].中国机械工程,2017,28(18):2183-2197.WU Yapeng,WANG Jifang,XU Xiaoli,et al.Application research of FastICA noise reduction method based on wavelet analysis in fault diagnosis of rolling bearing[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2017,28(18):2183-2197.
[10] 李志农,朱明,褚福磊,等.基于经验小波变换的机械故障诊断方法研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2014,35(11):2423-2432.LI Zhinong,ZHU Ming,CHU Fulei,et al.Mechanical fault diagnosis method based on empirical wavelet transform[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2014,35(11):2423-2432.
[11] 于洋,杨平,杨理践.基于小波变换与统计分析的转子碰摩声发射特性研究[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(9):130-134.YU Yang,YANG Ping,YANG Lijian.Acoutic emission characteristics of rotor rubbing based on wavelet transform and statistical analysis[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2013,32(9):130-134.