SF_6/N_2混合气体中直流叠加雷电冲击复合电压作用下绝缘子闪络特性
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摘要
绝缘子在直流电压作用下表面将积聚有大量电荷并对绝缘性能造成影响。然而由于电荷积聚饱和时间长,当前研究鲜有在绝缘子表面电荷积聚最严重的情况下进行叠加冲击电压试验;并且对环保型气体环境中的GIL绝缘子绝缘特性的关注不多。为解决上述问题,该文通过建立油加热系统对实验平台进行加热,加速达到绝缘子表面电荷积聚饱和状态。之后在0.1MPa SF_6/N_2混合气体中且导杆温度为70℃时对不同清洁状况下的绝缘子施加直流叠加雷电冲击电压,实验结果表明:①绝缘子表面电荷积聚情况在2h后达到饱和状态;②随着预加直流电压时间的增加,复合电压下闪络电压较单独雷电冲击电压作用下闪络电压明显下降,绝缘子在表面电荷积聚饱和后,在表面有无金属微粒时闪络电压比冲击电压单独作用时,下降幅度分别为16.4%、10.34%;③相比表面无金属微粒,绝缘子表面存在金属微粒下的闪络电压显著下降,最大下降幅度达20.54%。因此,在SF_6/N_2环境下,建议在绝缘子表面电荷积聚最严重条件下施加直流电压与雷电冲击复合电压进行绝缘测试。
The surface of spacers under DC will accumulate a large amount of charge and affect its insulation characteristics. However, due to the long saturation time of charge accumulation, there are few flashover tests under the most serious surface charge accumulation currently, and little attention has been paid on the insulation characteristics of spacers in eco-friendly gas filled GIL. To solve the above problems, an oil heating system was set up to heat the experimental platform and accelerate to get the charges saturation condition. Afterwards, DC superimposed with LI was applied to the spacer under different cleaning conditions in 0.1 MPa SF_6/N_2 mixed gas and the guide bar temperature was 70℃. The experimental results show that: ①The saturation time of charge accumulation is about 2 h.②The longer the pre-stressed time of DC, the flashover voltage under composite voltage is lower than that under LI alone. Compared with the LI alone, when charge accumulation is saturated, the flashover voltage drops by 16.4% and 10.34% respectively with or without metal particles. 3) When there are metal particles on the surface of spacer, the flashover voltage drops significantly compared with the surface without metal particles. Therefore, it is recommended to apply DC and LI composite voltage for insulation test under the most serious surface charge accumulation in SF_6/N_2.
The surface of spacers under DC will accumulate a large amount of charge and affect its insulation characteristics. However, due to the long saturation time of charge accumulation, there are few flashover tests under the most serious surface charge accumulation currently, and little attention has been paid on the insulation characteristics of spacers in eco-friendly gas filled GIL. To solve the above problems, an oil heating system was set up to heat the experimental platform and accelerate to get the charges saturation condition. Afterwards, DC superimposed with LI was applied to the spacer under different cleaning conditions in 0.1 MPa SF_6/N_2 mixed gas and the guide bar temperature was 70℃. The experimental results show that: ①The saturation time of charge accumulation is about 2 h.②The longer the pre-stressed time of DC, the flashover voltage under composite voltage is lower than that under LI alone. Compared with the LI alone, when charge accumulation is saturated, the flashover voltage drops by 16.4% and 10.34% respectively with or without metal particles. 3) When there are metal particles on the surface of spacer, the flashover voltage drops significantly compared with the surface without metal particles. Therefore, it is recommended to apply DC and LI composite voltage for insulation test under the most serious surface charge accumulation in SF_6/N_2.
引文
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[3]王健,李庆民,李伯涛,等.直流应力下电极表面覆膜对金属微粒启举的影响机理研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(5):119-127.Wang Jian,Li Qingmin,Li Botao,et al.Mechanism analysis of the electrode-coating’s impact on the particle-lifting under DC voltage[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(5):119-127.
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[10]王新新,刘微粒,王强,等.绝缘子表面电场及电荷的测量[J].高电压技术,2011,37(3):732-738.Wang Xinxin,Liu Weili,Wang Qiang,et al.Measurements of electric filed and charge on insulator surface[J].High Voltage Engineering,2011,37(3):732-738.
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[13]高宇,门业堃,杜伯学,等.表面电荷对典型聚合物绝缘材料直流闪络电压的影响[J].高电压技术,2015,41(5):1474-1480.Gao Yu,Men Yekun,Du Boxue,et al.Effect of surface charge on DC flashover voltage of typical polymer insulating materials[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(5):1474-1480.
[14]王健,李伯涛,李庆民,等.直流GIL中线形金属微粒对柱式绝缘子表面电荷积聚的影响[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(15):213-222.Wang Jian,Li Botao,Li Qingmin,et al.Impact of linear metal particle on surface charge accumulation of post insulator within DC GIL[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(15):213-222.
[15]Hasegawa T,Yamaji K,Hatano M,et al.DCdielectric characteristics and conception of insulation design for DC GIS[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1996,11(4):1776-1782.
[16]Okabe S,Ueta G,Utsumi T,et al.Insulation characteristics of GIS insulators under lightning impulse with DC voltage superimposed[J].IEEETransactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2015,22(6):1-9.
[17]Ma Jingtan,Zhang Qiaogen,Wu Zhicheng,et al.Study on flashover characteristics of insulators in SF6under combined voltage of DC and lightning impulse[C]//Electrical Insulation Conference(EIC),Baltimore,USA,2017:62-65.
[18]Zhou Hongyang,Ma Guoming,Li Chengrong,et al.Impact of temperature on surface charges accumulation on insulators in SF6-filled DC-GIL[J].IEEETransactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2017,24(1):601-610.
[19]Li Chuanyang,Hu Jun,Lin Chuanjie,et al.Surface charge migration and DC surface flashover of surface-modified epoxy-based insulators[J].Journal of Physics D:Applied Physics,2017,50(6):065301-065313.
[20]Li Chuanyang,Hu Jun,Lin Chuanjie,et al.The neglected culprit of DC surface flashover-electron migration under temperature gradients[J].Scientific Reports,2017,7(1):3271-3282.
[21]Ma Guoming,Zhou Hongyang,Lu Shijie,et al.Effect of material volume conductivity on surface charges accumulation on spacer under DC electro-thermal coupling stress[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2018,25(4):1211-1220.
[22]唐炬,潘成,王邸博,等.高压直流绝缘材料表面电荷积聚研究进展[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(8):10-21.Tang Ju,Pan Cheng,Wang Dibo,et al.Development of studies about surface charge accumulation on insulating material under HVDC[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(8):10-21.
[23]林川杰,李传扬,张贵新,等.盆式绝缘子表面电荷反演算法综述及展望[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(24):6654-6663.Lin Chuanjie,Li Chuanyang,Zhang Guixin,et al.Review and prospect of surface charge inversion algorithm of cone-type spacer based on surface potential measurements[J].Proceedings of the CSEE2016,36(24):6654-6663.
[24]张贵新,张博雅,王强,等.高压直流GIL中盆式绝缘子表面电荷积聚与消散的实验研究[J].高电压技术,2015,41(5):1430-1436.Zhang Guixin,Zhang Boya,Wang Qiang,et al.Experiment study of surface charge accumulation and decay on a cone-type insulator in HVDC GIL[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(5):1430-1436.
[25]Winter A,Kindersberger J.Transient field distribution in gas-solid insulation systems under DCvoltages[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2014,21(1):117-128.
[26]汪沨,邱毓昌,张乔根,等.冲击电压作用下影响表面电荷积聚过程的影响因素[J].电工技术学报2001,16(5):51-54.Wang Feng,Qiu Yuchang,Zhang Qiaogen,et al Analysis of factors influence charge accumulation on insulator surface under impulse voltage[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2001,16(5):51-54.
[27]季洪鑫,李成榕,庞志开,等.电压波形对GIS自由金属颗粒放电特性的影响[J].电工技术学报2016,31(13):218-226.Ji Hongxin,Li Chengrong,Pang Zhikai,et al Influence of voltage waveforms on partial discharge characteristics of GIS mobilized metal particles[J]Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,201631(13):218-226.
[28]律方成,刘宏宇,李志兵,等.直流电压下SF6气体中电极覆膜对金属微粒启举的影响机理[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(13):239-247.LüFangcheng,Liu Hongyu,Li Zhibing,et al Influence mechanism of dielectric coated electrodes on metallic particle lift-off in SF6 gas under DCvoltage[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(13):239-247.
[2]Li Junhao,Zhang Liang,Liang Jianfeng,et al.Partial discharge characteristics over SF6/epoxy interfaces under impulse voltage[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2013,20(6):2158-2164.
[3]王健,李庆民,李伯涛,等.直流应力下电极表面覆膜对金属微粒启举的影响机理研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(5):119-127.Wang Jian,Li Qingmin,Li Botao,et al.Mechanism analysis of the electrode-coating’s impact on the particle-lifting under DC voltage[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(5):119-127.
[4]崔博源,王宁华,王承玉,等.特高压气体绝缘金属封闭开关设备用盆式绝缘子的质量控制[J].高电压技术,2014,40(12):3888-3894.Cui Boyuan,Wang Ninghua,Wang Chengyu,et al.Quality control for basin insulator used in gas insulated metal enclosed switchgear of ultra high voltage[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(12):3888-3894.
[5]Hama H,Okabe S.Cross-sectional study between SF6and eco-friendly gases on dielectric coated electrodes for real-size gas insulated switchgear[J].IEEETransactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2012,19(1):253-262.
[6]黎斌.SF6高压电器设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2010.
[7]Endo F,Giboulet A,Girodet A,et al.Gas insulated systems for HVDC:DC stress at DC and AC systems[P]CIGRE Brochure,2012.
[8]汪沨,邱毓昌,张乔根,等.表面电荷积聚对绝缘子沿面闪络影响的研究[J].中国电力,2002,35(9):52-59.Wang Feng,Qiu Yuchang,Zhang Qiaogen,et al.Study on influence of surface charge accumulation on flashover of insulator[J].Electric Power,2002,35(9):52-59.
[9]Ma Jingtan,Zhang Qiaogen,You Haoyang,et al.Study on insulation characteristics of GIS under combined voltage of DC and lightning impulse[J],IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2017,24(2):893-900.
[10]王新新,刘微粒,王强,等.绝缘子表面电场及电荷的测量[J].高电压技术,2011,37(3):732-738.Wang Xinxin,Liu Weili,Wang Qiang,et al.Measurements of electric filed and charge on insulator surface[J].High Voltage Engineering,2011,37(3):732-738.
[11]Hama H,Hikosaka T,Okabe S,et al.Crossequipment study on charging phenomena of solid insulators in high voltage equipment[J].IEEETransactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2007,14(2):508-519.
[12]Noras M A.Non-contact surface charge/voltage measurements capacitive probe-principle of operation[J]Trek Application Note,2002(3001):1-8.
[13]高宇,门业堃,杜伯学,等.表面电荷对典型聚合物绝缘材料直流闪络电压的影响[J].高电压技术,2015,41(5):1474-1480.Gao Yu,Men Yekun,Du Boxue,et al.Effect of surface charge on DC flashover voltage of typical polymer insulating materials[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(5):1474-1480.
[14]王健,李伯涛,李庆民,等.直流GIL中线形金属微粒对柱式绝缘子表面电荷积聚的影响[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(15):213-222.Wang Jian,Li Botao,Li Qingmin,et al.Impact of linear metal particle on surface charge accumulation of post insulator within DC GIL[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(15):213-222.
[15]Hasegawa T,Yamaji K,Hatano M,et al.DCdielectric characteristics and conception of insulation design for DC GIS[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1996,11(4):1776-1782.
[16]Okabe S,Ueta G,Utsumi T,et al.Insulation characteristics of GIS insulators under lightning impulse with DC voltage superimposed[J].IEEETransactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2015,22(6):1-9.
[17]Ma Jingtan,Zhang Qiaogen,Wu Zhicheng,et al.Study on flashover characteristics of insulators in SF6under combined voltage of DC and lightning impulse[C]//Electrical Insulation Conference(EIC),Baltimore,USA,2017:62-65.
[18]Zhou Hongyang,Ma Guoming,Li Chengrong,et al.Impact of temperature on surface charges accumulation on insulators in SF6-filled DC-GIL[J].IEEETransactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2017,24(1):601-610.
[19]Li Chuanyang,Hu Jun,Lin Chuanjie,et al.Surface charge migration and DC surface flashover of surface-modified epoxy-based insulators[J].Journal of Physics D:Applied Physics,2017,50(6):065301-065313.
[20]Li Chuanyang,Hu Jun,Lin Chuanjie,et al.The neglected culprit of DC surface flashover-electron migration under temperature gradients[J].Scientific Reports,2017,7(1):3271-3282.
[21]Ma Guoming,Zhou Hongyang,Lu Shijie,et al.Effect of material volume conductivity on surface charges accumulation on spacer under DC electro-thermal coupling stress[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2018,25(4):1211-1220.
[22]唐炬,潘成,王邸博,等.高压直流绝缘材料表面电荷积聚研究进展[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(8):10-21.Tang Ju,Pan Cheng,Wang Dibo,et al.Development of studies about surface charge accumulation on insulating material under HVDC[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(8):10-21.
[23]林川杰,李传扬,张贵新,等.盆式绝缘子表面电荷反演算法综述及展望[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(24):6654-6663.Lin Chuanjie,Li Chuanyang,Zhang Guixin,et al.Review and prospect of surface charge inversion algorithm of cone-type spacer based on surface potential measurements[J].Proceedings of the CSEE2016,36(24):6654-6663.
[24]张贵新,张博雅,王强,等.高压直流GIL中盆式绝缘子表面电荷积聚与消散的实验研究[J].高电压技术,2015,41(5):1430-1436.Zhang Guixin,Zhang Boya,Wang Qiang,et al.Experiment study of surface charge accumulation and decay on a cone-type insulator in HVDC GIL[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(5):1430-1436.
[25]Winter A,Kindersberger J.Transient field distribution in gas-solid insulation systems under DCvoltages[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2014,21(1):117-128.
[26]汪沨,邱毓昌,张乔根,等.冲击电压作用下影响表面电荷积聚过程的影响因素[J].电工技术学报2001,16(5):51-54.Wang Feng,Qiu Yuchang,Zhang Qiaogen,et al Analysis of factors influence charge accumulation on insulator surface under impulse voltage[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2001,16(5):51-54.
[27]季洪鑫,李成榕,庞志开,等.电压波形对GIS自由金属颗粒放电特性的影响[J].电工技术学报2016,31(13):218-226.Ji Hongxin,Li Chengrong,Pang Zhikai,et al Influence of voltage waveforms on partial discharge characteristics of GIS mobilized metal particles[J]Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,201631(13):218-226.
[28]律方成,刘宏宇,李志兵,等.直流电压下SF6气体中电极覆膜对金属微粒启举的影响机理[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(13):239-247.LüFangcheng,Liu Hongyu,Li Zhibing,et al Influence mechanism of dielectric coated electrodes on metallic particle lift-off in SF6 gas under DCvoltage[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(13):239-247.