基于串联型分布式MPPT架构的直流微网系统无缝切换控制策略
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摘要
为了提高直流微网系统中光伏单元的输出功率,以串联型分布式最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)架构代替传统的集中式MPPT架构,以光伏单元、蓄电池和负荷组成的直流微网系统为研究对象,分析了串联型分布式MPPT架构的控制策略。在不增加通信电路的前提下,提出了一种从MPPT模式到稳压降功率模式的无缝切换控制方法;为了保证直流母线电压稳定、串联型分布式MPPT架构安全运行以及延长蓄电池寿命,设计了直流微网系统的工况与能量管理控制策略。通过MATLAB/Simulink仿真分析表明:在环境失配情况下,采用串联型分布式MPPT架构可以大幅提升光伏单元的输出功率;所提控制方法可以有效地完成模式之间的无缝切换;所设计的系统能量管理控制策略可以良好地协调各单元运行,实现系统安全、稳定、高效运行。
In order to improve the output power of PV( PhotoVoltaic) unit in the DC microgrid,the cascaded distributed MPPT( Maximum Power Point Tracking) architecture is used instead of the traditional centralized MPPT architecture. A DC microgrid consisting of PV units,batteries and loads is taken as the research object and the control strategy of the cascaded distributed MPPT architecture is analyzed. A seamless switching control method for PV unit from MPPT mode to voltage stabilization mode is proposed. In order to ensure the stability of DC bus voltage,the safe operation of cascaded distributed MPPT architecture and the extension of battery life,the working condition and energy management control strategies are designed. The simulation analysis in MATLAB/Simulink shows that,the cascaded distributed MPPT architecture can greatly improve the output power of PV unit in the case of environmental mismatch,the proposed control method can effectively realize the seamless switching among different modes,and the designed energy management control strategy can coordinate the operation of each unit very well and realize the safe,stable and high-efficiency operation of system.
In order to improve the output power of PV( PhotoVoltaic) unit in the DC microgrid,the cascaded distributed MPPT( Maximum Power Point Tracking) architecture is used instead of the traditional centralized MPPT architecture. A DC microgrid consisting of PV units,batteries and loads is taken as the research object and the control strategy of the cascaded distributed MPPT architecture is analyzed. A seamless switching control method for PV unit from MPPT mode to voltage stabilization mode is proposed. In order to ensure the stability of DC bus voltage,the safe operation of cascaded distributed MPPT architecture and the extension of battery life,the working condition and energy management control strategies are designed. The simulation analysis in MATLAB/Simulink shows that,the cascaded distributed MPPT architecture can greatly improve the output power of PV unit in the case of environmental mismatch,the proposed control method can effectively realize the seamless switching among different modes,and the designed energy management control strategy can coordinate the operation of each unit very well and realize the safe,stable and high-efficiency operation of system.
引文
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[13]支娜,肖曦,田培根,等.微网群控制技术研究现状与展望[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(4):107-115.ZHI Na,XIAO Xi,TIAN Peigen,et al. Research and prospect of multi-microgrid control strategies[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(4):107-115.
[14]廖志凌,阮新波.独立光伏发电系统能量管理控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(21):46-52.LIAO Zhiling,RUAN Xinbo. Energy management control strategy for stand-alone photovoltaic power system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(21):46-52.
[15]米阳,吴彦伟,纪宏澎,等.基于多组态储能动态调节的独立直流微电网协调控制[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(5):170-176.MI Yang,WU Yanwei,JI Hongpeng,et al. Coordinative control based on dynamic load allocation among multiple energy storages for islanded DC microgrid[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(5):170-176.
[16]谭芹凤.基于电压自适应的光伏功率优化器研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2014.TAN Qinfeng. The research of PV power optimizer based on the control of adaptive voltage[D]. Changsha:Central South University,2014.
[2]张雪松,赵波,李鹏,等.基于多层控制的微电网运行模式无缝切换策略[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(9):179-184,199.ZHANG Xuesong,ZHAO Bo,LI Peng,et al. Seamless switching strategies for microgrid based on multi-layer control architecture[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(9):179-184,199.
[3] PATEL H,AGARWAL V. Maximum power point tracking scheme for PV systems operating under partially shaded conditions[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2008,55(4):1689-1698.
[4]王丰,孔鹏举,FRED C. Lee,等.基于分布式最大功率跟踪的光伏系统输出特性分析[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(24):127-134.WANG Feng,KONG Pengju,FRED C. Lee,et al. Output characteristic analysis of distributed maximum power point tracking PV system[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(24):127-134.
[5]王丰,吴新科,FRED C. Lee,等.嵌入式智能光伏模块的最大功率输出统一控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(21):81-89,196.WANG Feng,WU Xinke,FRED C. Lee,et al. Application of unified output MPPT control in DMPPT PV systems[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(21):81-89,196.
[6]BRATCU A I,MUNTEANU I,BACHA S,et al. Cascaded DC-DC converter photovoltaic systems:power optimization issues[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2011,58(2):403-411.
[7]FEMIA N,LISI G,PETRONE G,et al. Distributed maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic arrays:novel approach and system analysis[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2008,55(7):2610-2621.
[8]蔡晓宇,史旺旺.串联型集成光伏组件的运行电压优化[J].可再生能源,2016,34(4):494-499.CAI Xiaoyu,SHI Wangwang. Optimization for operating voltage of series integrated photovoltaic modules of PV system[J]. Renewable Energy Resources,2016,34(4):494-499.
[9]毕大强,范柱烽,解东光,等.海岛光储直流微电网自治控制策略[J].电网技术,2015,39(4):886-891.BI Daqiang,FAN Zhufeng,XIE Dongguang,et al. Autonomous control strategy of island DC microgrid with photovoltaic and storage system[J]. Power System Technology,2015,39(4):886-891.
[10]杨小龙,程启明,褚思远,等.孤岛模式下光储直流微电网变功率控制策略[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(11):67-74,81.YANG Xiaolong,CHENG Qiming,CHU Siyuan,et al. Variable power control of photovoltaic-battery DC microgrid in islanding mode[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(11):67-74,81.
[11]张犁,孙凯,吴田进,等.基于光伏发电的直流微电网能量变换与管理[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(2):248-254.ZHANG Li,SUN Kai,WU Tianjin,et al. Energy conversion and management for DC microgrid based on photovoltaic generation[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(2):248-254.
[12]张学,裴玮,邓卫,等.多源/多负荷直流微电网的能量管理和协调控制方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(31):5553-5562.ZHANG Xue,PEI Wei,DENG Wei,et al. Energy management and coordinated control method for multi-source/multi-load DC microgrid[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(31):5553-5562.
[13]支娜,肖曦,田培根,等.微网群控制技术研究现状与展望[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(4):107-115.ZHI Na,XIAO Xi,TIAN Peigen,et al. Research and prospect of multi-microgrid control strategies[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(4):107-115.
[14]廖志凌,阮新波.独立光伏发电系统能量管理控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(21):46-52.LIAO Zhiling,RUAN Xinbo. Energy management control strategy for stand-alone photovoltaic power system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(21):46-52.
[15]米阳,吴彦伟,纪宏澎,等.基于多组态储能动态调节的独立直流微电网协调控制[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(5):170-176.MI Yang,WU Yanwei,JI Hongpeng,et al. Coordinative control based on dynamic load allocation among multiple energy storages for islanded DC microgrid[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(5):170-176.
[16]谭芹凤.基于电压自适应的光伏功率优化器研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2014.TAN Qinfeng. The research of PV power optimizer based on the control of adaptive voltage[D]. Changsha:Central South University,2014.