三种拟除虫菊酯类农药在砂土和壤土中的淋溶行为
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摘要
采用土柱淋溶法和气相色谱法研究了3种拟除虫菊酯类农药三氟氯氰菊酯、联苯菊酯和高效氯氰菊酯在热带地区主要土壤类型砂土和壤土中的淋溶特性。结果表明:3种拟除虫菊酯类农药在砂土和壤土中主要残留于第1段土壤(0～5 cm)中,且驻留量随土壤深度增大而减少。三氟氯氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯和联苯菊酯在砂土中的Ri值分别为52.86%、94.73%和83.19%,在壤土中的Ri值分别为54.70%、77.28%和55.33%,均大于50%。根据农药在土壤中的淋溶性等级划分标准,3种药剂均属于难淋溶农药,不易对地下水造成污染。本研究结果可为热带地区土壤和地下水中农药污染修复提供参考。
The leaching characteristics of three pyrethroid pesticides, cyfluthrin, bifenthrin and betacypermethrin in the main soil types(sandy soil and loam) in tropical areas were studied by using the soil column leaching experiment and gas chromatography. The results showed that the majority of residues of three pyrethroid pesticides were discovered in the first paragraph(0-5 cm) and the amount of residues decreased with the increase of depth. The Ri values of cyfluthrin, bifenthrin and beta-cypermethrin were 52.86%, 94.73% and 83.19% respectively in sandy soils, and 54.7%, 77.28% and 55.33% respectively in loam, which were all higher than 50%. According to the leaching grade of pesticides in the soil, three pyrethroid pesticides belong to refractory leaching pesticide, which are not easy to cause pollution to groundwater. This study can provide reference for the remediation of pesticide pollution in soils and groundwater in tropical areas.
The leaching characteristics of three pyrethroid pesticides, cyfluthrin, bifenthrin and betacypermethrin in the main soil types(sandy soil and loam) in tropical areas were studied by using the soil column leaching experiment and gas chromatography. The results showed that the majority of residues of three pyrethroid pesticides were discovered in the first paragraph(0-5 cm) and the amount of residues decreased with the increase of depth. The Ri values of cyfluthrin, bifenthrin and beta-cypermethrin were 52.86%, 94.73% and 83.19% respectively in sandy soils, and 54.7%, 77.28% and 55.33% respectively in loam, which were all higher than 50%. According to the leaching grade of pesticides in the soil, three pyrethroid pesticides belong to refractory leaching pesticide, which are not easy to cause pollution to groundwater. This study can provide reference for the remediation of pesticide pollution in soils and groundwater in tropical areas.
引文
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[21]徐鹏.手性农药高效氯氟氰菊酯选择性降解研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2012.XU P.Studies on the enantioselective degradation of chiral pesticides lambda-cyhalothrin[D].Changsha:Hunan Agricultural University,2012.
[22]李睿.拟除虫菊酯在土壤中迁移降解规律的研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2005.LI R.Study on the migration and degradation of pyrethroid in soil[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Science and Technology,2005.
[23]梅立永,赵智杰,璇尹,等.拟除虫菊酯类农药环境行为与归趋模拟[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(6):2316-2322.MEI L Y,ZHAO Z J,XUAN Y,et al.Simulating the environment behavior and fate of synthetic pyrethroids[J].J Agro-Environ Sci,2007,26(6):2316-2322.
[24]朱峰,董丰收,刘新刚,等.新型杀菌剂苯菌酮在3种典型土壤中的淋溶行为[J].农药学学报,2015,17(6):763-768.ZHU F,DONG F S,LIU X G,et al.Study on leaching behavior of metrafenone in three typical soils[J].Chin J Pest Sci,2015,17(6):763-768.
[25]鞠超,徐军,董丰收,等.磺草酮在土壤中的淋溶特性研究[J].农药学学报,2015,17(2):246-250.JU C,XU J,DONG F S,et al.Study on the leaching behavior of sulcotrione in soil[J].Chin J Pest Sci,2015,17(2):246-250.
[26]食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量:GB 2763-2016[S].2016.National food safety standard-Maximum residue limits for pesticidesin food:GB 2763-2016[S].2016.
[27]GU B G,WANG H M,CHEN W L,et al.Risk assessment ofλ-cyhalothrin on aquatic organisms in paddy field in China[J].Regul Toxicol Pharmacol,2007,48(1):69-74.
[28]刘少平,龚道新,卫麦霞,等.功夫菊酯在植烟土壤中的降解[J].湖南农业科学,2009(12):59-61.LIU S P,GONG D X,WEI M X,et al.Degradation of cyhalothrin in tobacco planted soil[J].Hunan Agric Sci,2009(12):59-61.
[29]丁明,方学智,费学谦,等.柿果和土壤中菊酯类农药的残留检测和消解动态研究[J].江西农业大学学报,2006,28(4):512-515.DING M,FANG X Z,FEI X Q,et al.Quick determination and degradation of pyrethrins residuses in non-environmental pollution persimmon fruit and soil[J].Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis,2006,28(4):512-515.
[30]王世英,黄日林,李梓豪,等.联苯菊酯在甘蓝及土壤中的消解动态[J].华南农业大学学报,2016,37(3):82-85.WANG S Y,HUANG R L,LI Z H,et al.Degradation dynamics of bifenthrin in cabbage and soil[J].J South China Agric Univ,2016,37(3):82-85.
[31]杜红霞,张树秋,陈子雷,等.联苯菊酯在小麦和土壤中的残留和降解行为研究[J].山东农业科学,2016,48(10):125-128.DU H X,ZHANG S Q,CHEN Z L,et al.Study on residue and degradation behavior of bifenthrin in wheat and soil[J].Shandong Agric Sci,2016,48(10):125-128.
[32]龚勇,张伟,李晓鹏,等.高效氯氟氰菊酯在田间环境中的消解行为研究[J].中国科学:化学,2013,43(2):226-233.GONG Y,ZHANG W,LI X P,et al.Study on degradation behavior of lambda-cyhalothrin in field environment[J].Scientia Sinica Chimica,2013,43(2):226-233.
[2]陈洋,周军英,程燕,等.农药在稻田使用对地下水的风险评估研究进展[J].生态毒理学报,2016,11(1):70-79.CHEN Y,ZHOU J Y,CHENG Y,et al.Progress of ground water risk assessment for pesticides used in rice paddy[J].Asian J Ecotoxicol,2016,11(1):70-79.
[3]冯玉洁,谢圣华,田海,等.异丙甲草胺在不同类型土壤中的吸附和淋溶特性研究[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(12):2751-2755.FENG Y J,XIE S H,TIAN H,et al.Adsorption and leaching behavior of metolachlor in different soils[J].Southwest China J Agric Sci,2017,30(12):2751-2755.
[4]CARTER A D.Herbicide movement in soils:principles,pathways and processes[J].Weed Res,2000,40(1):113-122.
[5]VEZ M A,PEZ-Periago E L,NEZ-Carballo E M,et al.The mobility and degradation of pesticides in soils and the pollution of groundwater resources[J].Agric Ecosysts Environ,2007,123(4):247-260.
[6]张瑾,闫书军.农药在土壤中淋溶迁移影响因素研究进展[J].安徽建筑工业学院学报(自然科学版),2008,16(4):38-45.ZHANG J,YAN S J.Development of effect of factors on the leaching and movement of pesticides in soil[J].J Anhui Inst Architect Ind:Nat Sci Ed,2008,16(4):38-45.
[7]CHENG J H,LIU M,YU Y,et al.Determination of pyrethroids in porcine tissues by matrix solid-phase dispersion extraction and highperformance liquid chromatography[J].Meat Sci,2009,82(4):407-412.
[8]李玲玉,刘艳,颜冬云,等.拟除虫菊酯类农药的降解与代谢研究进展[J].环境科学与技术,2010,33(4):65-71.LI L Y,LIU Y,YAN D Y,et al.Research progress on degradation and metabolism of pyrethroid insecticides[J].Environ Sci Technol,2010,33(4):65-71.
[9]胡春容.拟除虫菊酯农药的毒性研究进展[J].毒理学杂志,2005,19(3):239-241.HU C R.Research progress on the toxicity of pyrethroid pesticides[J].Toxicol Sept,2005,19(3):239-241.
[10]ELBETIEHA A,DA'AS S I,KHAMAS W,et al.Evaluation of the toxic potentials of cypermethrin pesticide on some reproductive and fertility parameters in the male rats[J].Arch Environ Contam Toxicol,2001,41(4):522-528.
[11]王文蝶,邓玉君,钱坤.溴氰菊酯农药在土壤中的残留·迁移研究[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(21):12782-12783.WANG W D,DENG Y J,QIAN K.Study on residues and migration of deltamethrin in soil[J].J Anhui Agric Sci,2011,39(21):12782-12783.
[12]RANI M,SAINI S,KUMARI B.Leaching behaviour of chlorpyriphos and cypermethrin in sandy loam soil[J].Environ Monit Assess,2014,186(1):175-182.
[13]石健,张彦,邹开云,等.氯氰菊酯在土柱淋滤实验中的迁移行为[J].安徽农学通报,2013,19(19):18-20.SHI J,ZHANG Y,ZOU K Y,et al.Research on the migration behavior of cypermethrin in the leaching experiment by soil column[J].Anhui Agric Sci Bull,2013,19(19):18-20.
[14]GUPTA S,GAJBHIYE V T.Persistence and leaching ofβ-cyfluthrin in alluvial soil of India[J].Pest Manag Sci,2002,58(12):1259-1265.
[15]赵华,李康,徐浩,等.甲氰菊酯农药环境行为研究[J].浙江农业学报,2004,16(5):299-304.ZHAO H,LI K,XU H,et al.Study on environmental behavior of fenpropathrin[J].Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis,2004,16(5):299-304.
[16]孙扬,杨挺,皇甫伟国,等.毒死蜱和氰戊菊酯在土壤中的吸附与迁移[J].农药学学报,2007,9(4):397-404.SUN Y,YANG T,HUANGPU W G,et al.Adsorption and mobility of chlorpyrifos and fenvalerate in soils[J].Chin J Pest Sci,2007,9(4):397-404.
[17]化学农药环境安全评价试验准则第5部分:土壤淋溶试验:GB/T31270.1-2014[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.Test guidelines on environmental safety assessment for chemical pesticides-Part 5:Leaching experiment in soils:GB/T 31270.1-2014[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2015.
[18]农作物中农药残留试验准则:NY/T 788-2018[S].北京:中国农业出版社,2018.Guideline for teseing of pesticide residues in crops:NY/T788-2018[S].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2018.
[19]吴萍.乐果、氰戊菊酯在小麦上的残留动态及拟除虫菊酯农药在土壤中的迁移研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2008.WU P.Decomposition of fenvalerate-dimethoate in wheat and transportation of pyrethroids in soil[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2008.
[20]REICHENBERGER S,AMELUNG W,LAABS V,et al.Pesticide displacement along preferential flow pathways in a Brazilian Oxisol[J].Geoderma,2002,110(1-2):63-86.
[21]徐鹏.手性农药高效氯氟氰菊酯选择性降解研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2012.XU P.Studies on the enantioselective degradation of chiral pesticides lambda-cyhalothrin[D].Changsha:Hunan Agricultural University,2012.
[22]李睿.拟除虫菊酯在土壤中迁移降解规律的研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2005.LI R.Study on the migration and degradation of pyrethroid in soil[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Science and Technology,2005.
[23]梅立永,赵智杰,璇尹,等.拟除虫菊酯类农药环境行为与归趋模拟[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(6):2316-2322.MEI L Y,ZHAO Z J,XUAN Y,et al.Simulating the environment behavior and fate of synthetic pyrethroids[J].J Agro-Environ Sci,2007,26(6):2316-2322.
[24]朱峰,董丰收,刘新刚,等.新型杀菌剂苯菌酮在3种典型土壤中的淋溶行为[J].农药学学报,2015,17(6):763-768.ZHU F,DONG F S,LIU X G,et al.Study on leaching behavior of metrafenone in three typical soils[J].Chin J Pest Sci,2015,17(6):763-768.
[25]鞠超,徐军,董丰收,等.磺草酮在土壤中的淋溶特性研究[J].农药学学报,2015,17(2):246-250.JU C,XU J,DONG F S,et al.Study on the leaching behavior of sulcotrione in soil[J].Chin J Pest Sci,2015,17(2):246-250.
[26]食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量:GB 2763-2016[S].2016.National food safety standard-Maximum residue limits for pesticidesin food:GB 2763-2016[S].2016.
[27]GU B G,WANG H M,CHEN W L,et al.Risk assessment ofλ-cyhalothrin on aquatic organisms in paddy field in China[J].Regul Toxicol Pharmacol,2007,48(1):69-74.
[28]刘少平,龚道新,卫麦霞,等.功夫菊酯在植烟土壤中的降解[J].湖南农业科学,2009(12):59-61.LIU S P,GONG D X,WEI M X,et al.Degradation of cyhalothrin in tobacco planted soil[J].Hunan Agric Sci,2009(12):59-61.
[29]丁明,方学智,费学谦,等.柿果和土壤中菊酯类农药的残留检测和消解动态研究[J].江西农业大学学报,2006,28(4):512-515.DING M,FANG X Z,FEI X Q,et al.Quick determination and degradation of pyrethrins residuses in non-environmental pollution persimmon fruit and soil[J].Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis,2006,28(4):512-515.
[30]王世英,黄日林,李梓豪,等.联苯菊酯在甘蓝及土壤中的消解动态[J].华南农业大学学报,2016,37(3):82-85.WANG S Y,HUANG R L,LI Z H,et al.Degradation dynamics of bifenthrin in cabbage and soil[J].J South China Agric Univ,2016,37(3):82-85.
[31]杜红霞,张树秋,陈子雷,等.联苯菊酯在小麦和土壤中的残留和降解行为研究[J].山东农业科学,2016,48(10):125-128.DU H X,ZHANG S Q,CHEN Z L,et al.Study on residue and degradation behavior of bifenthrin in wheat and soil[J].Shandong Agric Sci,2016,48(10):125-128.
[32]龚勇,张伟,李晓鹏,等.高效氯氟氰菊酯在田间环境中的消解行为研究[J].中国科学:化学,2013,43(2):226-233.GONG Y,ZHANG W,LI X P,et al.Study on degradation behavior of lambda-cyhalothrin in field environment[J].Scientia Sinica Chimica,2013,43(2):226-233.