外源亚精胺处理对香菇木质化及相关酶活力的影响
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摘要
本实验以香菇为原料,分别用10、15 mg/L和20 mg/L亚精胺溶液进行负压渗透处理,4℃贮藏16 d,研究了贮藏过程中硬度和木质素、几丁质、纤维素、总酚含量以及苯丙氨酸解氨酶(phenylalanine ammonia lyase,PAL)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)活力的变化规律。结果表明:所有处理均不能抑制香菇硬度下降,并均促进了纤维素含量升高;15 mg/L的亚精胺处理能够使贮藏末期几丁质含量不发生明显下降;总酚含量在贮藏过程中先增加后降低;15、20 mg/L的亚精胺处理组能够在4～6 d保持较低的PAL活力;而20 mg/L亚精胺处理在贮藏前期(4～6 d)能抑制POD活力,推迟木质化高峰的到来。
In this experiment, shiitake mushrooms was subjected to negative pressure osmosis treatment with different concentrations of spermidine(10, 15 and 20 mg/L), and then were stored at 4 ℃ for 16 days. The changes in hardness, the contents of lignin, chitin, cellulose and total phenolics, and the activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase(PAL) and peroxidase(POD) were examined during the storage period. Our results showed that none of the treatments could inhibit the decrease in hardness, although they all resulted in an increase in cellulose content. In addition, 15 mg/L spermidine treatment showed no significant decrease in chitin content during the late stage of storage, and total phenol content in all groups increased first and then decreased during the entire storage period. Both 15 and 20 mg/L spermidine treatments could maintain a low PAL activity from day 4 to 6 of storage. Furthermore, 20 mg/L spermidine inhibited POD activity between the fourth and sixth day and delayed the peak of lignification.
In this experiment, shiitake mushrooms was subjected to negative pressure osmosis treatment with different concentrations of spermidine(10, 15 and 20 mg/L), and then were stored at 4 ℃ for 16 days. The changes in hardness, the contents of lignin, chitin, cellulose and total phenolics, and the activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase(PAL) and peroxidase(POD) were examined during the storage period. Our results showed that none of the treatments could inhibit the decrease in hardness, although they all resulted in an increase in cellulose content. In addition, 15 mg/L spermidine treatment showed no significant decrease in chitin content during the late stage of storage, and total phenol content in all groups increased first and then decreased during the entire storage period. Both 15 and 20 mg/L spermidine treatments could maintain a low PAL activity from day 4 to 6 of storage. Furthermore, 20 mg/L spermidine inhibited POD activity between the fourth and sixth day and delayed the peak of lignification.
引文
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[22]李艳杰,高衍红,王鹏,等.香菇热风干燥工艺优化及其对主要营养物质和抗氧化活性的影响[J].食品科学,2017,38(6):209-214.DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201706033.
[23]KOUKOL J,CONN E E.The metabolism of aromatic compounds in higher plants.IV.purification and properties of the phenylalanine deaminase of Hordeum vulgare[J].The Journal of Biological Chemistry,1961,236(10):2692-2698.
[24]MOERSCHBACHER B M,NOLL U M,FLOTT B E,et al.Lignin biosynthetic enzymes in stem rust infected,resistant and susceptible near-isogenic wheat lines[J].Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology,1988,33(1):33-46.DOI:10.1016/0885-5765(88)90041-0.
[25]KHAN Z U,LI J Y,KHAN N M,et al.Suppression of cell wall degrading enzymes and their encoding genes in button mushrooms(Agaricus bisporus)by CaCl2 and citric acid[J].Plant Foods for Human Nutrition,2017,72(1):54-59.DOI:10.1007/s11130-016-0588-8.
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[27]孙涵,王相友,李玲.高氧动态气调对双孢蘑菇细胞壁代谢及木质化进程的影响[J].食品科学,2018,39(11):255-262.DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201811040.
[28]ZIVANOVIC S,BUSHER R W,KIM K S.Textural changes in mushrooms(Agaricus bisporus)associated with tissue ultrastructure and composition[J].Journal of Food Science,2010,65(8):1404-1408.DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2621.2000.tb10621.x.
[29]李志啸,杨文建,方东路,等.纳米包装材料对双孢菇细胞壁代谢及品质的影响[J].食品科学,2016,37(6):248-253.DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201606045.
[30]郁志芳,夏志华,陆兆新.鲜切甘薯酶促褐变机理的研究[J].食品科学,2005,26(5):54-59.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1002-6630.2005.05.008.
[31]BUNSIRI A,KETSA S,PAULL R E.Phenolic metabolism and lignin synthesis in damaged pericarp of mangosteen fruit after impact[J].Postharvest Biology&Technology,2003,29(1):61-71.DOI:10.1016/S0925-5214(02)00213-2.
[32]王倩,吴斌,张政,等.多胺对果蔬采后生理生化作用机制的研究进展[J].保鲜与加工,2015,15(4):70-73.
[33]李青芝,常云霞.采后果蔬贮藏过程中多胺与乙烯的关系[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(27):11999-12001.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2008.27.151.
[34]杨晋恒,郜海燕,周拥军,等.臭氧处理对香菇采后品质与生理的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2017,29(7):1201-1207.
[35]JIANG T J,JAHANGIR M M,WANG Q S,et al.Accumulation of lignin and malondialdehyde in relation to quality changes of button mushrooms(Agaricus bisporus)stored in modified atmosphere[J].Food Science and Technology International,2010,16(3):217-224.DOI:10.1177/1082013209353840.
[36]杨敏,于立梅,刘朝霞,等.贮藏温度对山竹果皮木质化相关酶活性和果肉腐烂的影响[J].食品科学,2013,4(18):307-311.DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201318063.
[37]李伟,熊谨,陈晓阳.木质素代谢的生理意义及其遗传控制研究进展[J].西北植物学报,2003,23(4):675-681.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-4025.2003.04.032.
[2]李石军,王凯平,汪柳,等.香菇多糖LNT2的提取分离纯化、结构及体外抗肿瘤活性研究[J].中草药,2014,45(9):1232-1237.DOI:10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2014.09.007.
[3]马倩,蒲燕,袁文清,等.香菇多糖对慢性应激抑郁模型小鼠的抗抑郁作用及可能机制研究[J].中国免疫学杂志,2015,31(3):329-333.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-484X.2015.03.009.
[4]王丽芹.香菇SD-08菌株多糖及其降解产物的提取、结构及抗氧化抗衰老活性研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2015:20-23.
[5]侯爱萍,张树海.香菇多糖抗菌抗病毒普适性研究[J].药学研究,2015,34(4):199-201.DOI:10.13506/j.cnki.jpr.2015.04.005.
[6]宋秀玲,王宏芳,齐燕飞,等.香菇多糖对电离辐射所致小鼠损伤的保护作用[J].吉林大学学报(医学版),2010,36(3):473-476.DOI:10.13481/j.1671-587x.2010.03.012.
[7]颜爱,李波,李润成,等.香菇多糖和黄芪多糖对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能调节的研究[J].中国免疫学杂志,2012,28(11):999-1001;1005.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-484X.2012.11.008.
[8]韩春然,闫宝军,唐均安.香菇采后贮藏期间褐变的因素研究[J].现代食品科技,2012,28(11):1441-1444.DOI:10.13982/j.mfst.1673-9078.2012.11.016.
[9]李丹青.低温贮藏下杏鲍菇的木质化及关键酶基因的克隆与表达分析[D].广州:华南农业大学,2016:13-14.
[10]易星,莫远亮,姜冬梅,等.多胺的生物学功能及其调控机制[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(2):348-352.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.02.009.
[11]邓琪,谢斌,谢明.亚精胺在神经系统的调节和保护功能[J].中国医学工程,2018,26(3):32-35.DOI:10.19338/j.issn.1672-2019.2018.03.009.
[12]李建勇,卢钢,任彦.多胺在果实生长发育中的作用研究进展[J].果树学报,2005,22(3):256-260.DOI:10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.2005.03.016.
[13]AMOOAGHAIE R,MOGHYM S.Effect of polyamines on thermotolerance and membrane stability of soybean seedling[J].African Journal of Biotechnology,2013,10(47):9673-9679.DOI:10.5897/AJB10.2446.
[14]DUAN J J,LI J,GUO S R,et al.Exogenous spermidine affects polyamine metabolism in salinity-stressed Cucumis sativus roots and enhances short-term salinity tolerance[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2008,165(15):1620-1635.DOI:10.1016/j.jplph.2007.11.006.
[15]张海燕.外源腐胺对油桃贮藏冷害、品质及生理变化的影响[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2008:37-39.
[16]张辉,朱新卫,吴斌,等.亚精胺处理对哈密大枣贮藏品质的影响[J].新疆农业大学学报,2014,37(1):69-72.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-8614.2014.01.015.
[17]闫瑞香,王仁才,关文强.不同时期亚精胺处理对猕猴桃贮藏效果的影响[J].保鲜与加工,2001,1(2):14-16.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1009-6221.2001.01.004.
[18]马岳岳,李永才,胡培芳,等.采后多胺处理对杏果实黑斑病的控制及贮藏品质的影响[J].食品科学,2018,39(3):289-294.DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201803043.
[19]YANG Wenjian,DU Hengjun,MARIGA A M,et al.Hot air drying process promotes lignification of Lentinus edodes[J].LWT-Food Science and Technology,2017,84:726-732.DOI:10.1016/j.lwt.2017.06.039.
[20]VETTER J.Chitin content of cultivated mushrooms Agaricus bisporus,Pleurotus ostreatus and Lentinula edodes[J].Food Chemistry,2007,102(1):6-9.DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.01.037.
[21]CAI Chong,XU ChangJie,LI Xian,et al.Accumulation of lignin in relation to change in activities of lignification enzymes in loquat fruit flesh after harvest[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2005,40(2):163-169.DOI:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2005.12.009.
[22]李艳杰,高衍红,王鹏,等.香菇热风干燥工艺优化及其对主要营养物质和抗氧化活性的影响[J].食品科学,2017,38(6):209-214.DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201706033.
[23]KOUKOL J,CONN E E.The metabolism of aromatic compounds in higher plants.IV.purification and properties of the phenylalanine deaminase of Hordeum vulgare[J].The Journal of Biological Chemistry,1961,236(10):2692-2698.
[24]MOERSCHBACHER B M,NOLL U M,FLOTT B E,et al.Lignin biosynthetic enzymes in stem rust infected,resistant and susceptible near-isogenic wheat lines[J].Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology,1988,33(1):33-46.DOI:10.1016/0885-5765(88)90041-0.
[25]KHAN Z U,LI J Y,KHAN N M,et al.Suppression of cell wall degrading enzymes and their encoding genes in button mushrooms(Agaricus bisporus)by CaCl2 and citric acid[J].Plant Foods for Human Nutrition,2017,72(1):54-59.DOI:10.1007/s11130-016-0588-8.
[26]NITSCHKE J,ALTENBACH H J,MALOLEPSZY T,et al.Anew method for the quantification of chitin and chitosan in edible mushrooms[J].Carbohydrate Research,2011,346(11):1307-1310.DOI:10.1016/j.carres.2011.03.040.
[27]孙涵,王相友,李玲.高氧动态气调对双孢蘑菇细胞壁代谢及木质化进程的影响[J].食品科学,2018,39(11):255-262.DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201811040.
[28]ZIVANOVIC S,BUSHER R W,KIM K S.Textural changes in mushrooms(Agaricus bisporus)associated with tissue ultrastructure and composition[J].Journal of Food Science,2010,65(8):1404-1408.DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2621.2000.tb10621.x.
[29]李志啸,杨文建,方东路,等.纳米包装材料对双孢菇细胞壁代谢及品质的影响[J].食品科学,2016,37(6):248-253.DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201606045.
[30]郁志芳,夏志华,陆兆新.鲜切甘薯酶促褐变机理的研究[J].食品科学,2005,26(5):54-59.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1002-6630.2005.05.008.
[31]BUNSIRI A,KETSA S,PAULL R E.Phenolic metabolism and lignin synthesis in damaged pericarp of mangosteen fruit after impact[J].Postharvest Biology&Technology,2003,29(1):61-71.DOI:10.1016/S0925-5214(02)00213-2.
[32]王倩,吴斌,张政,等.多胺对果蔬采后生理生化作用机制的研究进展[J].保鲜与加工,2015,15(4):70-73.
[33]李青芝,常云霞.采后果蔬贮藏过程中多胺与乙烯的关系[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(27):11999-12001.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2008.27.151.
[34]杨晋恒,郜海燕,周拥军,等.臭氧处理对香菇采后品质与生理的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2017,29(7):1201-1207.
[35]JIANG T J,JAHANGIR M M,WANG Q S,et al.Accumulation of lignin and malondialdehyde in relation to quality changes of button mushrooms(Agaricus bisporus)stored in modified atmosphere[J].Food Science and Technology International,2010,16(3):217-224.DOI:10.1177/1082013209353840.
[36]杨敏,于立梅,刘朝霞,等.贮藏温度对山竹果皮木质化相关酶活性和果肉腐烂的影响[J].食品科学,2013,4(18):307-311.DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201318063.
[37]李伟,熊谨,陈晓阳.木质素代谢的生理意义及其遗传控制研究进展[J].西北植物学报,2003,23(4):675-681.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-4025.2003.04.032.