麦田杂草群落研究及防控对策
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摘要
麦田杂草的危害是造成小麦减产降质的主要因素。通过对我国几个典型小麦高产区域的麦田杂草种类及群落构成进行实证调查研究,结果表明,不科学的耕作方式、除草剂使用不当及气象因素是造成麦田草害危害加重的主要原因。因此,今后应加强农业、生物、化学等方面的防治措施,建立立体监测防治网络体系,保持麦田生物群落多样性,从而提高小麦产量。
The weed damage in wheat field is still one of the main causes of wheat yield reduction.After investigating the weed species and community composition in wheat fields in several typical high-yield areas of China,it was found that cultivation methods,inappropriate use of herbicides and meteorological factors are the causes of wheat field weed damage.Through strengthening agriculture and biology.In order to improve wheat yield,we should establish a three-dimensional monitoring and control network system to maintain the diversity of wheat bio-community.
The weed damage in wheat field is still one of the main causes of wheat yield reduction.After investigating the weed species and community composition in wheat fields in several typical high-yield areas of China,it was found that cultivation methods,inappropriate use of herbicides and meteorological factors are the causes of wheat field weed damage.Through strengthening agriculture and biology.In order to improve wheat yield,we should establish a three-dimensional monitoring and control network system to maintain the diversity of wheat bio-community.
引文
[1]张小龙,张艳刚,李虎群.小麦主要病虫草害田间危害自然损失率试验[J].中国农学通报,2017,33(31):117-121.
[2]Guillaume F,Sandrine P,Fabrice D,et al.Arable weed decline in Northern France:Crop edges as refugia for weed conservation?[J].Biological Conservation,2009,142(1):238-243.
[3]Thomas A G,Derksen D A,Blackshaw R E,et al.A multistudy approach to understanding weed population shifts in medium-to long-term tillage systems[J].Weed Science,2004,52(5):874-880.
[4]李秉华,王贵启,魏守辉,等.河北省冬小麦田杂草群落特征[J].植物保护学报,2013,40(1):83-88.
[5]高兴祥,李美,房锋,等.山东省小麦田杂草组成及群落特征[J].草业学报,2014,23(5):92-98.
[6]朱阿秀,张绍明,鞠国钢,等.近年江苏省麦田杂草发生情况及防除对策[J].中国植保导刊,2018,38(07):54-57.
[7]高兴祥,李美,房锋,等.河南省冬小麦田杂草组成及群落特征[J].麦类作物学报,2016,36(10):1402-1408.
[8]鲁传涛,楚桂芬,徐洪乐,等.河南省小麦田杂草发生现状调查[J].河南农业科学,2016,45(08):91-94.
[9]谷艳芳,胡楠,丁圣彦,等.种植制度对开封和封丘地区麦田杂草群落结构和生物多样性的影响[J].河南大学学报(自然版),2007,37(4):391-394.
[10]方日尧,赵慧清,方娟.不同保护性耕作下冬小麦田杂草滋生情况调查研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2008(05):90-93,104.
[11]张迪.小麦田主要杂草抗药性监测及治理技术研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2016.
[12]吴翠霞,马士仲,马冲,等.山东省小麦田荠菜对苯磺隆的抗性测定[J].植物保护,2018(1).
[13]高兴祥,李美,高宗军,等.山东省小麦田播娘蒿对苯磺隆的抗性测定[J].植物保护学报,2014,41(3):373-378.
[14]刘元荣.麦田杂草发生消长的影响因素及防除技术[J].河南农业科学,1993(8):24-26.
[15]蒋敏,沈明星,沈新平,等.长期不同施肥方式对麦田杂草群落的影响[J].生态学报,2014,34(07):1746-1756.
[2]Guillaume F,Sandrine P,Fabrice D,et al.Arable weed decline in Northern France:Crop edges as refugia for weed conservation?[J].Biological Conservation,2009,142(1):238-243.
[3]Thomas A G,Derksen D A,Blackshaw R E,et al.A multistudy approach to understanding weed population shifts in medium-to long-term tillage systems[J].Weed Science,2004,52(5):874-880.
[4]李秉华,王贵启,魏守辉,等.河北省冬小麦田杂草群落特征[J].植物保护学报,2013,40(1):83-88.
[5]高兴祥,李美,房锋,等.山东省小麦田杂草组成及群落特征[J].草业学报,2014,23(5):92-98.
[6]朱阿秀,张绍明,鞠国钢,等.近年江苏省麦田杂草发生情况及防除对策[J].中国植保导刊,2018,38(07):54-57.
[7]高兴祥,李美,房锋,等.河南省冬小麦田杂草组成及群落特征[J].麦类作物学报,2016,36(10):1402-1408.
[8]鲁传涛,楚桂芬,徐洪乐,等.河南省小麦田杂草发生现状调查[J].河南农业科学,2016,45(08):91-94.
[9]谷艳芳,胡楠,丁圣彦,等.种植制度对开封和封丘地区麦田杂草群落结构和生物多样性的影响[J].河南大学学报(自然版),2007,37(4):391-394.
[10]方日尧,赵慧清,方娟.不同保护性耕作下冬小麦田杂草滋生情况调查研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2008(05):90-93,104.
[11]张迪.小麦田主要杂草抗药性监测及治理技术研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2016.
[12]吴翠霞,马士仲,马冲,等.山东省小麦田荠菜对苯磺隆的抗性测定[J].植物保护,2018(1).
[13]高兴祥,李美,高宗军,等.山东省小麦田播娘蒿对苯磺隆的抗性测定[J].植物保护学报,2014,41(3):373-378.
[14]刘元荣.麦田杂草发生消长的影响因素及防除技术[J].河南农业科学,1993(8):24-26.
[15]蒋敏,沈明星,沈新平,等.长期不同施肥方式对麦田杂草群落的影响[J].生态学报,2014,34(07):1746-1756.