河南一次局地强降水过程的中尺度分析
|
摘要
利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料、常规观测资料,采用常规中尺度分析方法和Barnes滤波方法,对2013年6月7日14-20时林州站出现的一次局地强降水过程进行分析,结果发现此次降水过程是发生在东高西低的环流形势下,降水主要发生在500 h Pa低槽槽前;江淮气旋北端不断增强的偏东气流为降水区提供了充足的水汽条件;地形抬升有利于触发对流,并对降水有增幅作用。通过滤波分析发现,此次过程林州处于鞍型场中,且处于风向辐合线和风速辐合线附近;局地强降水发生在水汽通量负散度绝对值大值区与负散度绝对值大值中心重叠区。经过滤波前后对比发现,此次过程分析原始场得出的辐合上升运动区、水汽辐合中心、层结不稳定区与局地强降水落区有一定的偏差,而滤波场特征比较有指示意义。负散度绝对值大值区和地面中尺度辐合线附近有利于回波生成和发展;两回波带合并容易加强;短历时强降水发生前,垂直累积液态水含量迅速跃增;雷达径向速度辐合区有利于回波发展加强。
By using the NCEP / NCAR reanalysis data and conventional observation data,a local strong precipitation process occurred during 14 to 20 on June 7,2013 in Linzhou station was analyzed by the methods of the conventional mesoscale analysis method and Barnes filtering method. The results showed that this precipitation process occurred on east-high and west-low circulation situation and heavy rain occurred mainly in front of the low trough on 500 h Pa. East wind was growing in north of the Changjiang-Huaihe cyclone,which would provide adequate moisture for precipitation area. Topography flattening which could enhance the precipitation,is conducive to the convection. By using Barnes filtering method,it was found that Linzhou stayed in the pressure field of saddle type,and the wind direction convergence line and the wind speed convergence line were in the vicinity of it. Local heavy rain occurred in the vapor flux divergence big absolute value area and negative divergence overlap absolute value center.By contrast,it showed that the ascending motion area,the water vapor convergence center,stratification instability region in the original field diverged from the area of the heavy rain,while the bandpass filtering analysis had a good denotative meaning. Under favorable conditions including negative divergence of greater value and surface mesoscale convergence line,radar echo would have a growth spurt. The merger of two radar echo band would grow significantly. Before short-time strong rainfall occurred,the VIL had a quick growth.
By using the NCEP / NCAR reanalysis data and conventional observation data,a local strong precipitation process occurred during 14 to 20 on June 7,2013 in Linzhou station was analyzed by the methods of the conventional mesoscale analysis method and Barnes filtering method. The results showed that this precipitation process occurred on east-high and west-low circulation situation and heavy rain occurred mainly in front of the low trough on 500 h Pa. East wind was growing in north of the Changjiang-Huaihe cyclone,which would provide adequate moisture for precipitation area. Topography flattening which could enhance the precipitation,is conducive to the convection. By using Barnes filtering method,it was found that Linzhou stayed in the pressure field of saddle type,and the wind direction convergence line and the wind speed convergence line were in the vicinity of it. Local heavy rain occurred in the vapor flux divergence big absolute value area and negative divergence overlap absolute value center.By contrast,it showed that the ascending motion area,the water vapor convergence center,stratification instability region in the original field diverged from the area of the heavy rain,while the bandpass filtering analysis had a good denotative meaning. Under favorable conditions including negative divergence of greater value and surface mesoscale convergence line,radar echo would have a growth spurt. The merger of two radar echo band would grow significantly. Before short-time strong rainfall occurred,the VIL had a quick growth.
引文
[1]高守亭,赵思雄,周晓平,等.次天气尺度及中尺度暴雨系统研究进展[J].大气科学,2003,27(4):618-627.
[2]张文龙,崔晓鹏,王迎春,等.对流层低层偏东风对北京局地暴雨的作用[J].大气科学,2013,37(4):829-840.
[3]吕作俊,朱伟军,牛淑贞,等.豫西深秋一次典型超级单体风暴的多普勒雷达分析[J].气象与环境科学,2010,33(3):33-40.
[4]张建忠.河南重大暴雨灾害的孕灾风险研究[J].气象与环境科学,2015,38(3):19-24.
[5]廖晓农,于波,卢丽华.北京雷暴大风气候特征及短时临近预报方法[J].气象,2009,35(9):18-28.
[6]孙东霞,谢云,李春花,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘一次大到暴雨天气过程分析[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2013,7(6):8-14.
[7]孙靖,王建捷.北京地区一次引发强降水的中尺度对流系统的组织发展特征及成因探讨[J].气象,2010,36(12):19-27.
[8]黄旋旋,何彩芬,徐迪峰,等.5.6阵风锋过程形成机制探讨[J].气象,2008,34(7):20-26.
[9]马振骅,刘锦丽,马建骊.冰雹云的指状回波结构及其形成机制探讨[J].大气科学,1980,4(1):21-29.
[10]吴蓁,俞小鼎,席世平,等.基于配料法的“08.6.3”河南强对流天气分析和短时预报[J].气象,2011,37(1):48-58.
[11]牛淑贞,张宇星,吕林宜.一次冷涡横槽型强对流天气过程分析[J].气象与环境科学,2013,36(2):1-9.
[12]张一平,吴蓁,苏爱芳,等.基于流型识别和物理量要素分析河南强对流天气特征[J].高原气象,2013,32(5):1492-1502.
[13]张勇,刘德,张亚萍,等.渝西一次强对流风暴过程的中尺度特征分析[J].暴雨灾害,2013,32(4):338-345.
[14]郝莹,姚叶青,郑媛媛,等.短时强降水的多尺度分析及临近预警[J].气象,2012,38(8):903-912.
[15]阎丽凤,车军辉,周雪松,等.泰山地形对一次局地强降水过程动力作用的数值模拟分析[J].气象,2013,39(11):1393-1401.
[16]王晓峰,王平,张蕾,等.上海“7·31”局地强对流快速更新同化数值模拟研究[J].高原气象,2015,34(1):124-136.
[17]王丽荣,刘黎平,王立荣,等.一次局地短时大暴雨中-γ尺度分析[J].高原气象,2011,30(1):217-225.
[18]王芬,谷晓平,李腹广,等.黔西南一次低涡切变型暴雨的中尺度分析[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2015,9(5):41-46.
[19]王存亮,魏勇,彭军,等.新疆天山北坡中部一次强对流天气的多普勒雷达特征[J].干旱气象,2013,31(2):354-361.
[20]冯晋勤,汤达章,曹长尧.福建西部山区短时暴雨雷达回波特征及中小尺度系统分析[J].气象,2014,40(3):297-304.
[21]王旭仙,武麦凤,许伟峰,等.渭河流域一次对流性暴雨过程分析[J].暴雨灾害,2011,30(3):241-246.
[22]刘冀彦,毛龙江,牛涛,等.地形对2011年9月华西致灾暴雨强迫作用的数值模拟研究[J].气象,2013,39(8):975-987.
[23]邵元亭,刘奇俊,荆志娟.祁连山夏季地形云和降水宏微观结构的数值模拟[J].干旱气象,2013,31(1):18-23.
[24]Barnes S L.A technique for maximizing detail in numeriail weather map analysis[J].J.Appl.Meteor.,1964,3:396-409.
[25]Maddox R A.An objective technique for separating macroscale and mesoscale feature in meteorological data[J].Mon.Wea.Rev.,1980,108:1108-1121.
[26]顾清源,周春花,青泉,等.一次西南低涡特大暴雨过程的中尺度特征分析[J].气象,2008,34(4):39-47.
[27]陈忠明.常规资料获取中尺度信息的一种简便方案[J].气象,1994,20(7):39-42.
[28]徐元泰,丁一汇.气象场的客观分析和中尺度滤波[J].大气科学,1988,12(3):274-282.
[2]张文龙,崔晓鹏,王迎春,等.对流层低层偏东风对北京局地暴雨的作用[J].大气科学,2013,37(4):829-840.
[3]吕作俊,朱伟军,牛淑贞,等.豫西深秋一次典型超级单体风暴的多普勒雷达分析[J].气象与环境科学,2010,33(3):33-40.
[4]张建忠.河南重大暴雨灾害的孕灾风险研究[J].气象与环境科学,2015,38(3):19-24.
[5]廖晓农,于波,卢丽华.北京雷暴大风气候特征及短时临近预报方法[J].气象,2009,35(9):18-28.
[6]孙东霞,谢云,李春花,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘一次大到暴雨天气过程分析[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2013,7(6):8-14.
[7]孙靖,王建捷.北京地区一次引发强降水的中尺度对流系统的组织发展特征及成因探讨[J].气象,2010,36(12):19-27.
[8]黄旋旋,何彩芬,徐迪峰,等.5.6阵风锋过程形成机制探讨[J].气象,2008,34(7):20-26.
[9]马振骅,刘锦丽,马建骊.冰雹云的指状回波结构及其形成机制探讨[J].大气科学,1980,4(1):21-29.
[10]吴蓁,俞小鼎,席世平,等.基于配料法的“08.6.3”河南强对流天气分析和短时预报[J].气象,2011,37(1):48-58.
[11]牛淑贞,张宇星,吕林宜.一次冷涡横槽型强对流天气过程分析[J].气象与环境科学,2013,36(2):1-9.
[12]张一平,吴蓁,苏爱芳,等.基于流型识别和物理量要素分析河南强对流天气特征[J].高原气象,2013,32(5):1492-1502.
[13]张勇,刘德,张亚萍,等.渝西一次强对流风暴过程的中尺度特征分析[J].暴雨灾害,2013,32(4):338-345.
[14]郝莹,姚叶青,郑媛媛,等.短时强降水的多尺度分析及临近预警[J].气象,2012,38(8):903-912.
[15]阎丽凤,车军辉,周雪松,等.泰山地形对一次局地强降水过程动力作用的数值模拟分析[J].气象,2013,39(11):1393-1401.
[16]王晓峰,王平,张蕾,等.上海“7·31”局地强对流快速更新同化数值模拟研究[J].高原气象,2015,34(1):124-136.
[17]王丽荣,刘黎平,王立荣,等.一次局地短时大暴雨中-γ尺度分析[J].高原气象,2011,30(1):217-225.
[18]王芬,谷晓平,李腹广,等.黔西南一次低涡切变型暴雨的中尺度分析[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2015,9(5):41-46.
[19]王存亮,魏勇,彭军,等.新疆天山北坡中部一次强对流天气的多普勒雷达特征[J].干旱气象,2013,31(2):354-361.
[20]冯晋勤,汤达章,曹长尧.福建西部山区短时暴雨雷达回波特征及中小尺度系统分析[J].气象,2014,40(3):297-304.
[21]王旭仙,武麦凤,许伟峰,等.渭河流域一次对流性暴雨过程分析[J].暴雨灾害,2011,30(3):241-246.
[22]刘冀彦,毛龙江,牛涛,等.地形对2011年9月华西致灾暴雨强迫作用的数值模拟研究[J].气象,2013,39(8):975-987.
[23]邵元亭,刘奇俊,荆志娟.祁连山夏季地形云和降水宏微观结构的数值模拟[J].干旱气象,2013,31(1):18-23.
[24]Barnes S L.A technique for maximizing detail in numeriail weather map analysis[J].J.Appl.Meteor.,1964,3:396-409.
[25]Maddox R A.An objective technique for separating macroscale and mesoscale feature in meteorological data[J].Mon.Wea.Rev.,1980,108:1108-1121.
[26]顾清源,周春花,青泉,等.一次西南低涡特大暴雨过程的中尺度特征分析[J].气象,2008,34(4):39-47.
[27]陈忠明.常规资料获取中尺度信息的一种简便方案[J].气象,1994,20(7):39-42.
[28]徐元泰,丁一汇.气象场的客观分析和中尺度滤波[J].大气科学,1988,12(3):274-282.