奥维地图在区域水土流失监测野外调查工作中的应用
|
摘要
常规的水土流失野外调查技术已难以满足现阶段区域水土流失监测工作的需求。为探索高效、精准、高质量的水土流失数据采集技术,作者以山东沂蒙山泰山国家级重点治理区蒙阴县为例,以小流域或公里网格为调查单元,通过分析奥维地图的技术优势,针对区域水土流失监测野外调查工作中导航找点难、信息采集过程繁琐、拍照定位精准度低等系列问题,探索了奥维地图与GIS结合在水土流失野外调查工作中的应用,包括基础数据源处理与导入、路线导航、点位查找、信息采集、位置共享以及内业成果处理等;提出了较为系统高效的"无纸化"水土流失野外调查技术与方法,并结合应用实践,对奥维地图应用中存在的不足提出了建议。研究成果可为区域水土流失监测、水土流失综合治理、生产建设项目水土保持监测及监督管理等野外调查环节提供技术参考。
[Background]For soil and water loss monitoring,the commonly used methods are sampling survey,comprehensive evaluation,and empirical models( USLE,WEQ,and CSLE). It is known that the field investigation is the key point for the monitoring of soil and water loss when we use the methods described above. However,the tradition field investigation technic cannot meet the requirements ofpresent regional monitoring of soil and water loss. Therefore,this research mainly focuses on exploring an efficient,accurate and high quality data collection technic in Mengyin of the Yimeng-Taishan Mountain National Key Control Area. [Methods] Based on the field investigation unit( Grid or watershed),the pros and cons of Ovitalmap technic with traditional field work methods were compared. Many new technics and methods have been developed through combing the Ovitalmap with Geographic Information System( GIS) in soil and water loss investigation as such: Basic data processing and importing,route navigation,position locating,data collection,location sharing,and data analysis. [Results] The applications of Ovitalmap technic indicated that the efficiency and accuracy of route navigation and site positioning was improved dramatically. During the field data collection,Ovitalmap provided a digitalized platform for map drawing in the field without paper,which reduced the cost of indoor data analysis and increased the working efficiency. Meanwhile,the Ovitalmap was able to provide the real-time information of landform,vegetation coverage,and soil and water conservation measures,the comparisons of the information between measured value and extracted value in specific field sites,and reasonable evaluations of the comparison. Based on the overlay of vector data and raster data,the real-time positioning,and display function of Ovitalmap,it captured information with higher accuracy and efficiency. The camera function realized the exact correspondence between the location,time,shooting direction,and photos of the shooting point. The indoor organization process was effectively simplified and better convergence with collected information was achieved. [Conclusions] This research found out and solved the problems in the application of Ovitalmap for the investigation of soil and water loss. Moreover,based on the practical usage experience of Ovitalmap,this paper also proposes some reasonable recommendations for the weaknesses of Ovitalmap. The results of this research can provide technical supports for regional soil and water loss monitoring,comprehensive management of soil and water loss,soil and water conservation of construction projects,and the field investigation of soil and water loss.
[Background]For soil and water loss monitoring,the commonly used methods are sampling survey,comprehensive evaluation,and empirical models( USLE,WEQ,and CSLE). It is known that the field investigation is the key point for the monitoring of soil and water loss when we use the methods described above. However,the tradition field investigation technic cannot meet the requirements ofpresent regional monitoring of soil and water loss. Therefore,this research mainly focuses on exploring an efficient,accurate and high quality data collection technic in Mengyin of the Yimeng-Taishan Mountain National Key Control Area. [Methods] Based on the field investigation unit( Grid or watershed),the pros and cons of Ovitalmap technic with traditional field work methods were compared. Many new technics and methods have been developed through combing the Ovitalmap with Geographic Information System( GIS) in soil and water loss investigation as such: Basic data processing and importing,route navigation,position locating,data collection,location sharing,and data analysis. [Results] The applications of Ovitalmap technic indicated that the efficiency and accuracy of route navigation and site positioning was improved dramatically. During the field data collection,Ovitalmap provided a digitalized platform for map drawing in the field without paper,which reduced the cost of indoor data analysis and increased the working efficiency. Meanwhile,the Ovitalmap was able to provide the real-time information of landform,vegetation coverage,and soil and water conservation measures,the comparisons of the information between measured value and extracted value in specific field sites,and reasonable evaluations of the comparison. Based on the overlay of vector data and raster data,the real-time positioning,and display function of Ovitalmap,it captured information with higher accuracy and efficiency. The camera function realized the exact correspondence between the location,time,shooting direction,and photos of the shooting point. The indoor organization process was effectively simplified and better convergence with collected information was achieved. [Conclusions] This research found out and solved the problems in the application of Ovitalmap for the investigation of soil and water loss. Moreover,based on the practical usage experience of Ovitalmap,this paper also proposes some reasonable recommendations for the weaknesses of Ovitalmap. The results of this research can provide technical supports for regional soil and water loss monitoring,comprehensive management of soil and water loss,soil and water conservation of construction projects,and the field investigation of soil and water loss.
引文
[1]王礼先,朱金兆.水土保持学[M]. 2版.北京:中国林业出版社,2005:1.WANG Lixian,ZHU Jinzhao. Soil and water conservation[M]. 2nd edition. Beijing:China Forestry Publishing House,2005:1.
[2]吴迪,黎家作,张春平,等.县域尺度水土流失监测方法的应用及其结果分析[J].中国水土保持科学,2015,13(4):74.WU Di,LI Jiazuo,ZHANG Chunping,et al. Application and analysis of results of soil and water loss monitoring methods at county scale[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,13(4):74.
[3]杨勤科.区域水土流失监测与评价[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,2015:64.YANG Qinke. Monitoring and evaluation of regional soil erosion[M]. Zhengzhou:Yellow River Water Conservancy Press,2015:64.
[4]张庆红.豫西典型县水土流失抽样调查方法研究[D].山东泰安:山东农业大学,2016:12.ZHANG Qinghong. Research on sampling survey method of soil erosion and water loss in typical county in the west of Henan[D]. Tai'an,Shangdong:Shandong Agricultural University,2016:12.
[5]李智广,符素华,刘宝元.我国水力侵蚀抽样调查方法[J].中国水土保持科学,2012,10(1):77.LI Zhiguang,FU Suhua,LIU Baoyuan. Sampling program of water erosion inventory in the first national water resource survey[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,10(1):77.
[6]文雄飞,曾红娟,张穗.水土流失动态监测野外调查移动平台设计[J].人民长江,2017,48(12):30.WEN Xiongfei,ZENG Hongjuan,ZHANG Hui. Design of mobile field investigation platform for dynamic monitoring of soil and water loss[J]. Yangtze River,2017,48(12):30.
[7]李智广,姜学兵,刘二佳,等.我国水土保持监测技术和方法的现状与发展方向[J].中国水土保持科学,2015,13(4):144.LI Zhiguang,JIANG Xuebing,LIU Erjia,et al. Present status and future development of technologies and method for soil and water conservation monitoring in China[J].Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,13(4):144.
[8]史明昌,李智广.新技术在我国水土保持中的应用[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(2):1.SHI Mingchang,LI Zhiguang. Application of new technologies to soil and water conservation in China[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(2):1.
[9]李春华,张楠楠,李云岚,等.基于3S技术的大凌河流域水土保持管理信息系统建设[J].中国水土保持科学,2006,1(6):52.LI Chunhua,ZHANG Nannan,LI Yunlan,et al. Management information system of soil and water conservation in Dalinghe River Basin based on 3S technologies[J].Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,1(6):52.
[10]苏文吭,罗小燕.奥维互动地图系统在毛瑞林场森林资源管护中的应用[J].热带林业,2016,44(3):47.SU Wenhang,LUO Xiaoyan. Application of Ovital interactive map system to forest resource management in Maorui Forest Farm[J]. Tropical Forestry,2016,44(3):47.
[11]唐俊林,黄敏,曾华栋,等.奥维地图在野外地质勘查中的应用探讨[J].新疆地质,2017:35.TANG Junlin,HUANG Min,ZENG Huadong et al.Discussion on applications of Ovitalmap in geological exploration[J]. Xinjiang Geology,2017:35.
[12]曾宪东.奥维互动地图在长输管道规划设计中的应用[J].工程技术:引文版,2016(12):236.ZENG Xiandong. Ovital interactive map in the application in the planning and design of long distance pipeline[J]. Engineering:Citation edition,2016(12):236.
[13]王江宇,吴沙,张智禹,等.奥维地图移动终端踏勘选线技术的研究与应用[J].石化技术,2016,23(6):115.WANG Jiangyu,WU Sha,ZHANG Zhiyu,et al. Study and application of Ovitalmap mobile terminal on site survey and route selection[J]. Petrochemical Industry Technology,2016,23(6):115.
[14]祝河清.手机奥维互动地图在公路施工中的应用[J].公路,2017(10):156.ZHU Heqing. Application of mobile phone Ovitalmap in highway construction.[J]. Highway,2017(10):156.
[15]王智飞,赫雁翔.奥维地图和Google地球在森林资源二类调查外业中的应用研究[J].林业建设,2015(4):30.WANG Zhifei,HE Yanxiang. Application of Ovitalmap and Google earth in forest inventory for management plan[J]. Forestry Construction,2015(4):30.
[16]北京元生华网软件有限公司.奥维互动地图手机用户手册[M].北京,2016:2.Beijing Ovital Software Co.,Ltd. Ovital interactive map mobile phone user manual[M]. Beijing,2016:2.
[17]李智广,王爱娟,刘宪春,等.水土保持措施普查技术方法[J].中国水土保持,2013(10):14.LI Zhiguang,WANG Aijuan,LIU Xianchun,et al.Technical methods of survey on soil and water conservation measures[J]. Soil and Water Conservation in China,2013(10):14.
[18]李晓凌.水土保持调查与勘察的内容与要求[C].中国水土保持学会水土保持规划设计专业委员会2011年年会,2011.LI Xiaoling. Contents and requirements of soil and water conservation investigation and investigation[C]. 2011Annual Meeting of the Planning and Design Commission of Chinese Soil and Water Conservation Society,2011.
[19] ZHANG Hongda,ZHANG Ronghua,QI Fi,et al. The CSLE model based soil erosion prediction:Comparisons of sampling density and extrapolation method at the county level[J]. Catena,2018,165:465
[20]邹丛荣,齐斐,张庆红,等. CSLE模型应用中不同抽样密度和推算方法的比较[J].中国水土保持科学,2016,14(3):130.ZOU Congrong,QI Fei,ZHANG Qinghong,et al. Comparison of different sampling densities and extrapolation methods based on CSLE model[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,14(3):130.
[21]代婷婷,马骏,徐雁南.基于Agisoft Photo Scan的无人机影像自动拼接在风景园林规划中的应用[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2018:42.DAI Tingting,MA Jun,XU Yannan. Application of unmanned aerial vehicle image automatic stitching in landscape planning based on Agisoft Photo Scan[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Nature Science Edition),2018:42.
[2]吴迪,黎家作,张春平,等.县域尺度水土流失监测方法的应用及其结果分析[J].中国水土保持科学,2015,13(4):74.WU Di,LI Jiazuo,ZHANG Chunping,et al. Application and analysis of results of soil and water loss monitoring methods at county scale[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,13(4):74.
[3]杨勤科.区域水土流失监测与评价[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,2015:64.YANG Qinke. Monitoring and evaluation of regional soil erosion[M]. Zhengzhou:Yellow River Water Conservancy Press,2015:64.
[4]张庆红.豫西典型县水土流失抽样调查方法研究[D].山东泰安:山东农业大学,2016:12.ZHANG Qinghong. Research on sampling survey method of soil erosion and water loss in typical county in the west of Henan[D]. Tai'an,Shangdong:Shandong Agricultural University,2016:12.
[5]李智广,符素华,刘宝元.我国水力侵蚀抽样调查方法[J].中国水土保持科学,2012,10(1):77.LI Zhiguang,FU Suhua,LIU Baoyuan. Sampling program of water erosion inventory in the first national water resource survey[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,10(1):77.
[6]文雄飞,曾红娟,张穗.水土流失动态监测野外调查移动平台设计[J].人民长江,2017,48(12):30.WEN Xiongfei,ZENG Hongjuan,ZHANG Hui. Design of mobile field investigation platform for dynamic monitoring of soil and water loss[J]. Yangtze River,2017,48(12):30.
[7]李智广,姜学兵,刘二佳,等.我国水土保持监测技术和方法的现状与发展方向[J].中国水土保持科学,2015,13(4):144.LI Zhiguang,JIANG Xuebing,LIU Erjia,et al. Present status and future development of technologies and method for soil and water conservation monitoring in China[J].Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,13(4):144.
[8]史明昌,李智广.新技术在我国水土保持中的应用[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(2):1.SHI Mingchang,LI Zhiguang. Application of new technologies to soil and water conservation in China[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(2):1.
[9]李春华,张楠楠,李云岚,等.基于3S技术的大凌河流域水土保持管理信息系统建设[J].中国水土保持科学,2006,1(6):52.LI Chunhua,ZHANG Nannan,LI Yunlan,et al. Management information system of soil and water conservation in Dalinghe River Basin based on 3S technologies[J].Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,1(6):52.
[10]苏文吭,罗小燕.奥维互动地图系统在毛瑞林场森林资源管护中的应用[J].热带林业,2016,44(3):47.SU Wenhang,LUO Xiaoyan. Application of Ovital interactive map system to forest resource management in Maorui Forest Farm[J]. Tropical Forestry,2016,44(3):47.
[11]唐俊林,黄敏,曾华栋,等.奥维地图在野外地质勘查中的应用探讨[J].新疆地质,2017:35.TANG Junlin,HUANG Min,ZENG Huadong et al.Discussion on applications of Ovitalmap in geological exploration[J]. Xinjiang Geology,2017:35.
[12]曾宪东.奥维互动地图在长输管道规划设计中的应用[J].工程技术:引文版,2016(12):236.ZENG Xiandong. Ovital interactive map in the application in the planning and design of long distance pipeline[J]. Engineering:Citation edition,2016(12):236.
[13]王江宇,吴沙,张智禹,等.奥维地图移动终端踏勘选线技术的研究与应用[J].石化技术,2016,23(6):115.WANG Jiangyu,WU Sha,ZHANG Zhiyu,et al. Study and application of Ovitalmap mobile terminal on site survey and route selection[J]. Petrochemical Industry Technology,2016,23(6):115.
[14]祝河清.手机奥维互动地图在公路施工中的应用[J].公路,2017(10):156.ZHU Heqing. Application of mobile phone Ovitalmap in highway construction.[J]. Highway,2017(10):156.
[15]王智飞,赫雁翔.奥维地图和Google地球在森林资源二类调查外业中的应用研究[J].林业建设,2015(4):30.WANG Zhifei,HE Yanxiang. Application of Ovitalmap and Google earth in forest inventory for management plan[J]. Forestry Construction,2015(4):30.
[16]北京元生华网软件有限公司.奥维互动地图手机用户手册[M].北京,2016:2.Beijing Ovital Software Co.,Ltd. Ovital interactive map mobile phone user manual[M]. Beijing,2016:2.
[17]李智广,王爱娟,刘宪春,等.水土保持措施普查技术方法[J].中国水土保持,2013(10):14.LI Zhiguang,WANG Aijuan,LIU Xianchun,et al.Technical methods of survey on soil and water conservation measures[J]. Soil and Water Conservation in China,2013(10):14.
[18]李晓凌.水土保持调查与勘察的内容与要求[C].中国水土保持学会水土保持规划设计专业委员会2011年年会,2011.LI Xiaoling. Contents and requirements of soil and water conservation investigation and investigation[C]. 2011Annual Meeting of the Planning and Design Commission of Chinese Soil and Water Conservation Society,2011.
[19] ZHANG Hongda,ZHANG Ronghua,QI Fi,et al. The CSLE model based soil erosion prediction:Comparisons of sampling density and extrapolation method at the county level[J]. Catena,2018,165:465
[20]邹丛荣,齐斐,张庆红,等. CSLE模型应用中不同抽样密度和推算方法的比较[J].中国水土保持科学,2016,14(3):130.ZOU Congrong,QI Fei,ZHANG Qinghong,et al. Comparison of different sampling densities and extrapolation methods based on CSLE model[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,14(3):130.
[21]代婷婷,马骏,徐雁南.基于Agisoft Photo Scan的无人机影像自动拼接在风景园林规划中的应用[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2018:42.DAI Tingting,MA Jun,XU Yannan. Application of unmanned aerial vehicle image automatic stitching in landscape planning based on Agisoft Photo Scan[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Nature Science Edition),2018:42.