牵引变电所干式变压器绝缘垫块放电频发原因研究
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摘要
为研究牵引变电所27.5 kV配电干式变压器主要的两种绝缘垫块的电气性能,测试了不饱和聚酯团状模塑料(DMC)和环氧树脂复合材料(ERC)制成的绝缘垫块的直流泄漏伏安特性、工频耐压特性和工频梯级电压下的局部放电特性,并对绝缘垫块表面进行扫描电镜分析。结果表明:绝缘垫块的直流泄漏电流随电压的升高呈指数增长,直流电压高于18 kV后电极周围出现放电;DMC垫块和ERC垫块的工频闪络电压分别为100 kV和102 kV,工频局部放电起始电压分别为27.5 kV、25.0 k V,当工频电压为27.5 k V时,DMC和ERC垫块的局部放电视在放电量分别为25.0 pC、65.5 pC。牵引变电所配电干式变压器放电故障频发的主要原因是两种绝缘垫块的电气绝缘性能不佳,应增加配电干式变压器绝缘垫块耐压和局放等技术要求。
In order to study the electrical properties of the unsaturated polyester dough molding compounds(DMC) and epoxy resin composites(ERC) insulation blocks used in 27.5 kV distribution dry transformer for traction substation, their DC leakage volt-ampere characteristics, power frequency withstand voltage characteristics, and partial discharge characteristics under power frequency were tested, and the surface morphology of the blocks was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the DC leakage current of the blocks increases exponentially with the increase of voltage, and there is surface discharge around the electrode when voltage is above 18 k V. The power frequency flashover voltage of the DMC and ERC block is 100 kV and 102 kV, and the partial discharge initial voltage is 27.5 k V and 25.0 kV, respectively. Under the power frequency voltage of 27.5 kV, the apparent partial discharge magnitude of the DMC and ERC block is 25.0 pC and 65.5 pC, respectively. The main cause of frequent discharge fault in dry transformer for traction substation is the poor electrical properties of the two insulation blocks, therefore, there should be technical requirements of withstanding voltage and partial discharge for insulation blocks.
In order to study the electrical properties of the unsaturated polyester dough molding compounds(DMC) and epoxy resin composites(ERC) insulation blocks used in 27.5 kV distribution dry transformer for traction substation, their DC leakage volt-ampere characteristics, power frequency withstand voltage characteristics, and partial discharge characteristics under power frequency were tested, and the surface morphology of the blocks was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the DC leakage current of the blocks increases exponentially with the increase of voltage, and there is surface discharge around the electrode when voltage is above 18 k V. The power frequency flashover voltage of the DMC and ERC block is 100 kV and 102 kV, and the partial discharge initial voltage is 27.5 k V and 25.0 kV, respectively. Under the power frequency voltage of 27.5 kV, the apparent partial discharge magnitude of the DMC and ERC block is 25.0 pC and 65.5 pC, respectively. The main cause of frequent discharge fault in dry transformer for traction substation is the poor electrical properties of the two insulation blocks, therefore, there should be technical requirements of withstanding voltage and partial discharge for insulation blocks.
引文
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[2]屠幼萍,孙伟忠,岳彩鹏,等.固体绝缘材料热老化电气特性的研究[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(1):7-13.
[3]李仰平,彭宗仁,王永忠.有机硅改善环氧树脂性能的研究[J].绝缘材料,2003,36(3):3-5.
[4] RAMU T S, NAQAMANI H N. Alumina and silica based epoxy nano-composites for electrical insulation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2014,21(1):236-243.
[5] IMAI T, SAWA F, OZAKI T, et al. Comparison of insulation breakdown properties of epoxy nanocomposites under homogeneous and divergent electric fields[C]//2006 IEEE Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena. Kansas City, USA:IEEE,2006:306-309.
[6]全国纤维增强塑料标准化技术委员会.树脂浇注体试验方法:GB/T 2567—2008[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009.
[7]全国绝缘材料标准化技术委员会.绝缘材料电气强度试验方法第1部分:工频下试验:GB/T 1408.1—2006[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[8]刘耀南,邱昌荣.电气绝缘测试技术(第2版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1994:149-159.
[9]颜冰,钱国超,张劲,等.高压并联电抗器匝间绝缘纸击穿特性研究[J].绝缘材料,2016,49(10):72-75.
[10]齐波,戴佺民,卓然,等.潮气入侵对油浸纸绝缘套管电气特性的影响[J].高电压技术,2017,43(8):2592-2598.
[11] International Electrotechnical Commission. High-voltage test techniques-Partial discharge measurement:IEC 60270:2000[S]. Geneva:IEC,2000.
[12]张仁预.绝缘污秽放电[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1994:1-6.
[13] ZHANG C Y, WANG L M, GUAN Z C. Pollution flashover performance of full-scale±800kV converter station post insulators at high altitude area[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 2013,20(3):717-726.
[14]全国变压器标准化技术委员会.电力变压器第11部分:干式变压器:GB 1094.11—2007[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[15]宫衍圣.电力机车过关节式电分相过电压研究[J].铁道学报,2008,30(4):103-107.
[16]李宗垒,刘明光,屈志坚,等.电力机车过分相过电压抑制新方法[J].机车电传动,2013(5):41-44,61.
[17] TAO D, DI Y, TAO W, et al. The relationship between microstructure and hydrophobicity of pulverized composite insulator sheds[J]. Power System Technology,2016,40(1):328-334.
[18]李富平,王伟,刘凯,等.聚碳酸酯薄膜和聚酯薄膜在变压器油中电热老化的耐电性能对比分析[J].绝缘材料,2015(1):20-24.
[19]黄成才,李永刚,张志猛,等.复合绝缘子闪络后的材料特性分析[J].绝缘材料,2014,47(4):53-56.