两层带开洞预制剪力墙抗震性能试验研究与数值模拟分析
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摘要
为研究带窗洞的预制装配式混凝土剪力墙中窗下墙对结构抗震性能的影响,该文对两个带不同高度窗下墙的两层预制剪力墙试件进行了低周反复荷载试验。在此基础上,提出了带窗下墙预制剪力墙结构的精细有限元数值模拟方法,结合试验结果分析揭示了窗下墙对带开洞预制剪力墙抗震性能的影响。试验和数值模拟分析结果表明,两试件在初始受力阶段,窗下墙与下层连梁作为一根整体连梁共同工作,此后二者逐渐脱开,形成两根并列布置的双连梁;两试件的破坏形态均为墙肢根部和双连梁两端形成塑性铰,最终塑性铰区混凝土被压碎;窗下墙较高的试件W-2承载力和初始刚度均大于W-1,延性和耗能能力则小于W-1;预制剪力墙构件中的窗下墙可显著提高该类构件的刚度、承载力和耗能能力,对带窗下墙的预制剪力墙结构进行抗震设计时应对窗下墙予以考虑。
To investigate the seismic performance of precast shear wall structure with openings, pseudo-static tests of two precast shear walls with different window-wall heights are conducted. Based on the test results, a refined finite element numerical simulation method is proposed, and the effect of window-walls to the structure is further evaluated. The experimental and numerical simulation results indicate that window-wall can work together with the coupling beam entirety at the preliminary stage. Then, a dual coupling beams mechanism is observed when the abovementioned two components separate. The failure modes of these two specimens involve crushes of the concrete at the plastic hinges formed at the bottom of walls and at two ends of the dual coupling beams. The load bearing capacity and initial stiffness of the specimen with a larger height of window-wall are larger, while its ductility and energy dissipation capacity are smaller. The window-walls can significantly improve the stiffness,load bearing capacity and energy dissipation capacity of such precast structure. Hence, window-walls are required to be considered in the seismic design of precast shear wall structure with openings.
To investigate the seismic performance of precast shear wall structure with openings, pseudo-static tests of two precast shear walls with different window-wall heights are conducted. Based on the test results, a refined finite element numerical simulation method is proposed, and the effect of window-walls to the structure is further evaluated. The experimental and numerical simulation results indicate that window-wall can work together with the coupling beam entirety at the preliminary stage. Then, a dual coupling beams mechanism is observed when the abovementioned two components separate. The failure modes of these two specimens involve crushes of the concrete at the plastic hinges formed at the bottom of walls and at two ends of the dual coupling beams. The load bearing capacity and initial stiffness of the specimen with a larger height of window-wall are larger, while its ductility and energy dissipation capacity are smaller. The window-walls can significantly improve the stiffness,load bearing capacity and energy dissipation capacity of such precast structure. Hence, window-walls are required to be considered in the seismic design of precast shear wall structure with openings.
引文
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[2]孙建,邱洪兴,谭志成,等.采用螺栓连接的工字形全装配式RC剪力墙试验研究[J].工程力学,2018,35(8):172―183,191.Sun Jian,Qiu Hongxing,Tan Zhicheng,et al.Experimental study on I-shaped precast reinforced concrete shear walls using bolted connections[J].Engineering Mechanics,2018,35(8):172―183,191.(in Chinese)
[3]侯和涛,朱文灿,曲哲,等.屈曲约束支撑钢筋混凝土框架结构干式柔性梁柱节点的试验研究[J].工程力学,2018,35(6):151―161.Hou Hetao,Zhu Wencan,Qu Zhe,et al.Experimental study on dry flexible beam-column joint in buckling restrained braced reinforced concrete frame structures[J].Engineering Mechanics,2018,35(6):151―161.(in Chinese)
[4]15G365-1,国家建筑标准设计图集,预制混凝土剪力墙外墙板[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2015.15G365-1,Atlas for exterior precast concrete walls[S].Beijing:China planning press,2015.(in Chinese)
[5]万金亮.窗下墙对预制混凝土剪力墙结构抗震性能影响的试验研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2017Wan Jinliang.Experimental study on the effects of the window wall on the seismic performance of Precast Concrete shear wall[D].Hefei:Hefei University of Technology,2017
[6]GB 50010―2010,混凝土结构设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2015.GB 50010―2010,Code for design of concrete structures[S].Beijing:China architecture&Building Press,2015.(in Chinese)
[7]JGJ/T 101-2015,建筑抗震试验方法规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2015.JGJ/T 101-2015,Specificating for seismic test of buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2015.(in Chinese)
[8]Mahin S A,Bertero V V.Problems in establishing and predicting ductility in structural design[J].Proceedings of the Internastional Symposium on Earthquake Structural Engineering,1976,1:613―628.
[9]Lu X Z,Xie L L,Guan H,et al.A shear wall element for nonlinear seismic analysis of super-tall buildings using OpenSees[J].Finite Elements in Analysis&Design,2015,98:14―25.
[10]解琳琳,黄羽立,陆新征,等.基于OpenSees的RC框架-核心筒超高层建筑抗震弹塑性分析[J].工程力学,2014,31(1):64―71.Xie Linlin,Huang Yuli,Lu Xinzheng,et al.Elasto-plastic analysis for super tall RC frame-core-tube structures based on OpenSees[J].Engineering Mechanics,2014,31(1):64―71.(in Chinese)
[11]陆新征,林旭川,叶列平,等.地震下高层建筑连续倒塌数值模型研究[J].工程力学,2010,27(11):64―70.Lu Xinzheng,Lin Xuchuan,Ye Lieping,et al.Numerical models for earthquake induced progressive collapse of high-rise buildings[J].Engineering Mechanics,2010,27(11):64―70.(in Chinese)
[12]张微敬,钱稼茹,于检生,等.竖向分布钢筋单排间接搭接的带现浇暗柱预制剪力墙抗震性能试验[J].土木工程学报,2012,45(10):9―97.Zhang Weijing,Qian Jiaru,Yu Jiansheng,et al.Tests on seismic behavior of precast shear walls with cast-in-situ boundary elements and vertical distributed reinforcements spliced by a single row of steel bars[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2012,45(10):89―97.(in Chinese)
[13]江见鲸.混凝土结构有限元分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005.Jiang Jianjing.Finite element analysis of concrete structures[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2005.(in Chinese)
[14]陆新征.建筑抗震弹塑性分析[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.Lu Xinzheng.Elasto-plastic analysis of buildings against earthquake[M].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2009.(in Chinese)