微推力ECR离子推力器中和器实验研究
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摘要
微推力电子回旋共振(ECR)中和器作为ECR离子推力器的关键组成部分,其初始放电及电子束流引出性能对离子推力器整体性能起着重要作用。研究对象为直径2 cm的ECR离子推力器中和器,根据中和器放电室内静磁场分布,选取不同结构的天线、腔体及电子引出板,并在真空环境下进行束流引出实验。实验结果表明:在一定范围内,腔体长度越长、天线环形段略高于ECR区且环形段宽度越小时,中和器性能越好;对于电子引出板存在一个合理结构使得中和器性能更佳。此外,在一定的偏压及气体流量范围内,无论采用哪种结构的腔体、天线及电子引出板,中和器引出的电子束流的大小均随偏压及气体流量的增加而增加。根据实验中不同组合结构中和器的气体初始放电以及电子束流引出性能的对比,最终得到较为合理的中和器结构。该中和器以氙气为工质,在微波功率2.0W、流量0.2 mL/min的工作条件下,引出电子束流4 mA所需偏压为31.5 V。
As the key component of micro electron cyclotron resonance(ECR) ion thruster,the initial gas discharge and electron beam extraction performance of ECR neutralizer plays an important role in the whole performance of ECR ion thruster. The experiment on the neutralizer is completed to study the influence of the antenna structure,cavity length and electronic extraction board on the performance. The experimental results show that,within a certain range,as the length of the cavity is longer,the annular segment of antenna is slightly higher than ECR zone and the width of annular segment is smaller,the performance of the neutralizer is better. There is a reasonable structure for the electronic extraction board to make the performance of the neutralizer better. According to the experimental results,the optimal structure of the neutralizer is determined. For Xe gas,when the microwave power is 2.0 W and the gas flow rate is 0.2 sccm,the best performances of the optimal neutralizer are that extracted electron beam and coupling voltage is 4 mA and 31.5 V respectively.
As the key component of micro electron cyclotron resonance(ECR) ion thruster,the initial gas discharge and electron beam extraction performance of ECR neutralizer plays an important role in the whole performance of ECR ion thruster. The experiment on the neutralizer is completed to study the influence of the antenna structure,cavity length and electronic extraction board on the performance. The experimental results show that,within a certain range,as the length of the cavity is longer,the annular segment of antenna is slightly higher than ECR zone and the width of annular segment is smaller,the performance of the neutralizer is better. There is a reasonable structure for the electronic extraction board to make the performance of the neutralizer better. According to the experimental results,the optimal structure of the neutralizer is determined. For Xe gas,when the microwave power is 2.0 W and the gas flow rate is 0.2 sccm,the best performances of the optimal neutralizer are that extracted electron beam and coupling voltage is 4 mA and 31.5 V respectively.
引文
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[10]汤明杰,杨涓,冯冰冰,等.微推力ECR离子推力器等离子体源电子获能计算分析[J].推进技术,2015,36(11):1741-1747Tang Mingjie,Yang Juan,Feng Bingbing,et al.Calculation Analysis on Electron Heating within Plasma Source Used by Micro ECR Ion Thruster[J].Journal of Propulsion Technology,2015,36(11):1741-1747(in Chinese)
[11]汤明杰,杨涓,金逸舟,等.微型电子回旋共振离子推力器离子源结构优化实验研究[J].物理学报,2015,64(21):319-325Tang Mingjie,Yang Juan,Jin Yizhou,et al.Experimental Optimization in Ion Source Configuration of a Miniature Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Thruster[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2015,64(21):319-325(in Chinese)
[12]罗立涛,杨涓,金逸舟,等.ECR中和器束流引出实验研究[J].西北工业大学学报,2015,33(3):395-400Luo Litong,Yang Juan,Jin Yizhou,et al.Experiental Study of Electron Beam Extraction from ECR Neutralizer[J].Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University,2015,33(3):395-400(in Chinese)
[13]梁雪,杨涓,王云民.电子回旋共振中和器内静磁场及微波电磁场的数值计算[J].推进技术,2014,35(2):276-281Liang Xue,Yang Juan,Wang Yumin.Numerical Computation of Static Magnetic and Microwave Electromagnetic Fields in Electron Cyclotron Resonance Neutralizer[J].Journal of Propulsion Technology,2014,35(2):276-281(in Chinese)
[2]Nishiyama K,Kuninaka H,Nakai T.Two-Dimensional Characterization of Microwave E-Fields and Beam Profiles of the ECR Ion Thrusterμ20[C]∥30th International Electric Propulsion Conference,2007:25
[3]Nishiyama I,Tsukizaki R,Nishiyama K,et al.Experimental Study for Enhancement Thrust Force of the ECR Ion Thrusterμ10[C]∥50th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference,2014:3913
[4]Nakayama Y,Funaki I,Kuninaka H.Sub-Milli-Newton Class Miniature Microwave Ion Thruster[J].Journal of Propulsion and Power,2007,23(2):495-499
[5]Funaki I,Kuninaka H,Toki K.Plasma Characterization of a 10 cm Diameter Microwave Discharge Ion Thruster[J].Journal of Propulsion and Power,2004,20(4):718-727
[6]Takao Y,Koizumi H,Kasagi Y,et al.Investigation of Electron Extraction from a Microwave Discharge Neutralizer for a Miniature Ion Propulsion System[C]∥34th International Electric Propulsion Conference,2015:159
[7]Koizumi H,Kuninaka H.Ion Beam Extraction and Electron Emission from the Miniature Microwave Discharge Ion Engineμ1[C]∥31st International Electric Propulsion Conference,2009:178
[8]Koizumi H,Kuninaka H.Miniature Microwave Discharge Ion Thruster Driven by 1 Watt Microwave Power[J].Journal of Propulsion and Power,2010,26(3):601-604
[9]Koizumi H,Kuninaka H.Performance of the Miniature and Low Power Microwave Discharge Ion Engineμ1[C]∥46th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference,2010:6617
[10]汤明杰,杨涓,冯冰冰,等.微推力ECR离子推力器等离子体源电子获能计算分析[J].推进技术,2015,36(11):1741-1747Tang Mingjie,Yang Juan,Feng Bingbing,et al.Calculation Analysis on Electron Heating within Plasma Source Used by Micro ECR Ion Thruster[J].Journal of Propulsion Technology,2015,36(11):1741-1747(in Chinese)
[11]汤明杰,杨涓,金逸舟,等.微型电子回旋共振离子推力器离子源结构优化实验研究[J].物理学报,2015,64(21):319-325Tang Mingjie,Yang Juan,Jin Yizhou,et al.Experimental Optimization in Ion Source Configuration of a Miniature Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Thruster[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2015,64(21):319-325(in Chinese)
[12]罗立涛,杨涓,金逸舟,等.ECR中和器束流引出实验研究[J].西北工业大学学报,2015,33(3):395-400Luo Litong,Yang Juan,Jin Yizhou,et al.Experiental Study of Electron Beam Extraction from ECR Neutralizer[J].Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University,2015,33(3):395-400(in Chinese)
[13]梁雪,杨涓,王云民.电子回旋共振中和器内静磁场及微波电磁场的数值计算[J].推进技术,2014,35(2):276-281Liang Xue,Yang Juan,Wang Yumin.Numerical Computation of Static Magnetic and Microwave Electromagnetic Fields in Electron Cyclotron Resonance Neutralizer[J].Journal of Propulsion Technology,2014,35(2):276-281(in Chinese)