考虑故障风险的动车组部件机会维修优化策略
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摘要
针对动车组部件存在维修成本高、故障危害大等特点,研究动车组多部件系统机会维修优化策略。结合我国动车组维修领域现行的多级别维修机制,采用两级非完美维修策略,并通过引入动车组部件故障风险量化机制,从而建立了部件层预防性维修策略。引入机会维修里程窗的概念,对处于机会维修里程窗内关联部件的维修作业计划进行合并,从而降低动车组系统的停机维修次数。算例分析结果表明,考虑风险的动车组部件机会维修优化策略可以使部件在保持较高可靠度水平的前提下,明显降低部件在一个完整寿命周期内的维修总成本。
Considering high maintenance cost and failure risk of electric multiple unit(EMU) components, this paper studied the opportunistic maintenance optimization strategy for multiple-component series system. Combining with current multi-level maintenance mechanism in the railway industry in China, ultilizing bi-level imperfect maintenance strategy, a component level preventive maintenance strategy was presented by introducing a failure risk quantitative mechanism for components of EMU. Then, the concept of opportunistic maintenance mileage window was introduced to combine maintenance actions for the related components in the opportunistic maintenance mileage window, to reduce the number of downtime maintenance times for the EMU system. The results show that the presented strategy can keep the components in a higher level of reliability and significantly reduce the total maintenance cost of components in a full life cycle.
Considering high maintenance cost and failure risk of electric multiple unit(EMU) components, this paper studied the opportunistic maintenance optimization strategy for multiple-component series system. Combining with current multi-level maintenance mechanism in the railway industry in China, ultilizing bi-level imperfect maintenance strategy, a component level preventive maintenance strategy was presented by introducing a failure risk quantitative mechanism for components of EMU. Then, the concept of opportunistic maintenance mileage window was introduced to combine maintenance actions for the related components in the opportunistic maintenance mileage window, to reduce the number of downtime maintenance times for the EMU system. The results show that the presented strategy can keep the components in a higher level of reliability and significantly reduce the total maintenance cost of components in a full life cycle.
引文
[1] YOU M Y, LIU F, WANG W, et al. Statistically Planned and Individually Improved Predictive Maintenance Management for Continuously Monitored Degrading Systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Reliability, 2010, 59(4):744-753.
[2] 赵洪山, 张路朋. 基于可靠度的风电机组预防性机会维修策略[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2014, 34(22):3777-3783.ZHAO Hongshan, ZHANG Lupeng. Preventive Opportunistic Maintenance Strategy for Wind Turbines Based on Reliability[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2014, 34(22):3777-3783.
[3] 张耀周, 夏唐斌, 陶辛阳, 等. 面向港口复杂装卸系统的动态机会维护策略[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2015, 49(9):1319-1323.ZHANG Yaozhou, XIA Tangbin, TAO Xinyang, et al. Dynamic Opportunistic Maintenance Policy for Complex Quayside Container Crane Systems[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2015, 49(9):1319-1323.
[4] 廖雯竹, 潘尔顺, 奚立峰. 基于设备可靠性的动态预防维护策略[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2009, 43(8):1332-1336.LIAO Wenzhu, PAN Ershun, XI Lifeng. Research on Dynamic Predictive Maintenance Policy Based on System Reliability[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2009, 43(8):1332-1336.
[5] DING Fangfang, TIAN Zhigang. Opportunistic Maintenance Optimization for Wind Turbine Systems Considering Imperfect Maintenance Actions[J]. International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering, 2011, 18(5): 463-481.
[6] CHENG Z J, ZHENG Y, GUO B. Opportunistic Maintenance Optimization of a Two-unit System with Different Unit Failure Patterns[C]//IEEE International Conference. Quality, Reliability, Risk, Maintenance and Safety Engineering. Chengdu:IEEE,2012:409-412.
[7] 王灵芝, 徐宇工, 张家栋. 基于设备有效度和可靠度的预防修经济优化模型[J]. 机械工程学报, 2010, 46(4):163- 168.WANG Lingzhi, XU Yugong, ZHANG Jiadong. Preventive Maintenance Economic Optimization Model Based on Equipment Availability and Reliability[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2010, 46(4):163-168.
[8] 夏唐斌, 周晓军, 奚立峰. 基于失效率调整因子的多目标动态预防性维护决策建模[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2009, 43(5):821-824.XIA Tangbin, ZHOU Xiaojun, XI Lifeng. Multi-attribute Model for Dynamic Preventive Maintenance Decision with Hybrid Evolution Factors[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2009, 43(5):821-824.
[9] ZHOU X J, XI L F. A Dynamic Opportunistic Maintenance Policy for Continuously Monitored Systems[J]. Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering, 2006, 12(3):294-305.
[10] MALIK M A K. Reliable Preventive Maintenance Policy[J]. AIIE Transactions, 1979, 11(3):221-228.
[11] NAKAGAWA T. Sequential Imperfect Preventive Maintenance Policies[J]. IEEE Transactions on Reliability, 1988, 37(3):295-298.
[12] 常建鹏, 陈振颂, 周国华, 等. 基于前景理论的铁路应急预案多指标风险评估研究[J]. 铁道学报, 2016, 38(2):7-18.CHANG Jianpeng, CHEN Zhensong, ZHOU Guohua, et al. The Multi-index Risk Evaluation of Railway Emergency Plans Based on Prospect Theory[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 2016, 38(2):7-18.
[13] 孙妍婷. 动车组关键零部件维修决策模型的研究[D]. 北京:北京交通大学, 2012.
[14] 董玉亮, 顾煜炯, 杨昆. 基于蒙特卡洛模拟的发电厂设备重要度分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2003, 23(8):201-205.DONG Yuliang, GU Yujiong, YANG Kun. Criticality Analysis on Equipment Power Plant Based on Monte Carlo Simulation[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2003, 23(8):201-205.
[15] 王玘, 林圣, 杨健维, 等. 基于网络分析法的高铁牵引供电系统维修方式决策[J]. 铁道学报, 2016, 38(1):18-27.WANG Qi, LIN Sheng, YANG Jianwei, et al. Maintenance Model Decision for Traction Power Supply System of High-speed Railway Based on Analytic Network Process[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 2016, 38(1):18-27.
[16] 王红, 熊律, 杜维鑫, 等. 考虑故障风险的动车组部件预防性维护优化建模[J]. 机械工程学报, 2016, 52(24), 123-129.WANG Hong, XIONG Lü, DU Weixin, et al. Optimization of Preventive Maintenance for Component of Electric Multiple Unit with Consideration of Failure Risk[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2016, 52(24), 123-129.
[17] DE ALMEIDA A T, BOHORIS G A. Decision Theory in Maintenance Decision Making[J]. Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering, 1995, 1(1):39-45.
[18] TRIANTAPHYLLOU E, KOVALERCHUK B, MANN L, et al. Determining the Most Important Criteria in Maintenance Decision Making[J]. Jorunal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering, 1997, 3(1):16-24.
[19] 熊律. 考虑风险的动车组部件预防性维修策略优化与博弈研究[D]. 兰州:兰州交通大学, 2017.
[2] 赵洪山, 张路朋. 基于可靠度的风电机组预防性机会维修策略[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2014, 34(22):3777-3783.ZHAO Hongshan, ZHANG Lupeng. Preventive Opportunistic Maintenance Strategy for Wind Turbines Based on Reliability[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2014, 34(22):3777-3783.
[3] 张耀周, 夏唐斌, 陶辛阳, 等. 面向港口复杂装卸系统的动态机会维护策略[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2015, 49(9):1319-1323.ZHANG Yaozhou, XIA Tangbin, TAO Xinyang, et al. Dynamic Opportunistic Maintenance Policy for Complex Quayside Container Crane Systems[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2015, 49(9):1319-1323.
[4] 廖雯竹, 潘尔顺, 奚立峰. 基于设备可靠性的动态预防维护策略[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2009, 43(8):1332-1336.LIAO Wenzhu, PAN Ershun, XI Lifeng. Research on Dynamic Predictive Maintenance Policy Based on System Reliability[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2009, 43(8):1332-1336.
[5] DING Fangfang, TIAN Zhigang. Opportunistic Maintenance Optimization for Wind Turbine Systems Considering Imperfect Maintenance Actions[J]. International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering, 2011, 18(5): 463-481.
[6] CHENG Z J, ZHENG Y, GUO B. Opportunistic Maintenance Optimization of a Two-unit System with Different Unit Failure Patterns[C]//IEEE International Conference. Quality, Reliability, Risk, Maintenance and Safety Engineering. Chengdu:IEEE,2012:409-412.
[7] 王灵芝, 徐宇工, 张家栋. 基于设备有效度和可靠度的预防修经济优化模型[J]. 机械工程学报, 2010, 46(4):163- 168.WANG Lingzhi, XU Yugong, ZHANG Jiadong. Preventive Maintenance Economic Optimization Model Based on Equipment Availability and Reliability[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2010, 46(4):163-168.
[8] 夏唐斌, 周晓军, 奚立峰. 基于失效率调整因子的多目标动态预防性维护决策建模[J]. 上海交通大学学报, 2009, 43(5):821-824.XIA Tangbin, ZHOU Xiaojun, XI Lifeng. Multi-attribute Model for Dynamic Preventive Maintenance Decision with Hybrid Evolution Factors[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2009, 43(5):821-824.
[9] ZHOU X J, XI L F. A Dynamic Opportunistic Maintenance Policy for Continuously Monitored Systems[J]. Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering, 2006, 12(3):294-305.
[10] MALIK M A K. Reliable Preventive Maintenance Policy[J]. AIIE Transactions, 1979, 11(3):221-228.
[11] NAKAGAWA T. Sequential Imperfect Preventive Maintenance Policies[J]. IEEE Transactions on Reliability, 1988, 37(3):295-298.
[12] 常建鹏, 陈振颂, 周国华, 等. 基于前景理论的铁路应急预案多指标风险评估研究[J]. 铁道学报, 2016, 38(2):7-18.CHANG Jianpeng, CHEN Zhensong, ZHOU Guohua, et al. The Multi-index Risk Evaluation of Railway Emergency Plans Based on Prospect Theory[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 2016, 38(2):7-18.
[13] 孙妍婷. 动车组关键零部件维修决策模型的研究[D]. 北京:北京交通大学, 2012.
[14] 董玉亮, 顾煜炯, 杨昆. 基于蒙特卡洛模拟的发电厂设备重要度分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2003, 23(8):201-205.DONG Yuliang, GU Yujiong, YANG Kun. Criticality Analysis on Equipment Power Plant Based on Monte Carlo Simulation[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2003, 23(8):201-205.
[15] 王玘, 林圣, 杨健维, 等. 基于网络分析法的高铁牵引供电系统维修方式决策[J]. 铁道学报, 2016, 38(1):18-27.WANG Qi, LIN Sheng, YANG Jianwei, et al. Maintenance Model Decision for Traction Power Supply System of High-speed Railway Based on Analytic Network Process[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 2016, 38(1):18-27.
[16] 王红, 熊律, 杜维鑫, 等. 考虑故障风险的动车组部件预防性维护优化建模[J]. 机械工程学报, 2016, 52(24), 123-129.WANG Hong, XIONG Lü, DU Weixin, et al. Optimization of Preventive Maintenance for Component of Electric Multiple Unit with Consideration of Failure Risk[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2016, 52(24), 123-129.
[17] DE ALMEIDA A T, BOHORIS G A. Decision Theory in Maintenance Decision Making[J]. Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering, 1995, 1(1):39-45.
[18] TRIANTAPHYLLOU E, KOVALERCHUK B, MANN L, et al. Determining the Most Important Criteria in Maintenance Decision Making[J]. Jorunal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering, 1997, 3(1):16-24.
[19] 熊律. 考虑风险的动车组部件预防性维修策略优化与博弈研究[D]. 兰州:兰州交通大学, 2017.