UPFC与系统的强动态交互对机电振荡模式的影响
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摘要
该文主要研究了由开环模式耦合引起的统一潮流控制器(UPFC)与系统的强动态交互作用对系统机电振荡模式的影响。建立了含UPFC的多机电力系统闭环互联动态模型,将UPFC与系统分为两个互联开环子系统。当UPFC开环控制模式与开环机电模式在复平面上位置靠近时,相应的两闭环模式彼此相斥并趋向反方向移动,该模式耦合现象可造成闭环机电模式的阻尼严重恶化。依据阻尼转矩分析理论,该文从UPFC向系统中同步机提供阻尼贡献这一角度清晰阐释了开环模式耦合时UPFC对机电模式的动态影响。另外,提出一个量化指标,能够近似估计开环模式耦合情况下两个相关的闭环模式在复平面的相对位移。利用新英格兰10机系统与我国华东某500 k V等值电网算例详细说明和验证了所得结论。该文还比较了UPFC串、并联电压源换流器(VSC)对系统影响的强弱,并分析了UPFC潮流调节与安装地点两个因素对模式耦合的影响。
This paper investigated the impact of strong dynamic interaction caused by modal coupling between unified power flow controller(UPFC) and system on electromechanical oscillation modes(EOMs). A closed-loop interconnected dynamic model of multi-machine power system with a UPFC was derived, and the UPFC and the rest of system were modelled as two interconnected open-loop subsystems. Analysis in the paper indicates that when an open-loop UPFC control mode is close to an open-loop EOM of synchronous generators on the complex plane, two corresponding closed-loop modes intend to repulse each other to move approximatively towards opposite directions. Hence such modal coupling will cause damping of one closed-loop EOM to decrease heavily. The impact of strong dynamic interaction was explained clearly from the point of view that UPFC provide damping torque contribution to each generator according to damping torque analysis method. Moreover, a new quantitative index was proposed to approximately estimate the relative displacement of two corresponding closed-loop modes in complex plane under the condition of open-loop modal coupling. The New England 10-machine power system and a 500 k V actual equivalent power network of Eastern China were used to demonstrate and validated above analysis and conclusions. In addition, this paper compared the effects of series and parallel voltage source converters(VSCs) of UPFC on the system, and the influence of two factors, UPFC power flow regulation and installation location, on mode coupling was also analyzed.
This paper investigated the impact of strong dynamic interaction caused by modal coupling between unified power flow controller(UPFC) and system on electromechanical oscillation modes(EOMs). A closed-loop interconnected dynamic model of multi-machine power system with a UPFC was derived, and the UPFC and the rest of system were modelled as two interconnected open-loop subsystems. Analysis in the paper indicates that when an open-loop UPFC control mode is close to an open-loop EOM of synchronous generators on the complex plane, two corresponding closed-loop modes intend to repulse each other to move approximatively towards opposite directions. Hence such modal coupling will cause damping of one closed-loop EOM to decrease heavily. The impact of strong dynamic interaction was explained clearly from the point of view that UPFC provide damping torque contribution to each generator according to damping torque analysis method. Moreover, a new quantitative index was proposed to approximately estimate the relative displacement of two corresponding closed-loop modes in complex plane under the condition of open-loop modal coupling. The New England 10-machine power system and a 500 k V actual equivalent power network of Eastern China were used to demonstrate and validated above analysis and conclusions. In addition, this paper compared the effects of series and parallel voltage source converters(VSCs) of UPFC on the system, and the influence of two factors, UPFC power flow regulation and installation location, on mode coupling was also analyzed.
引文
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[8]李林,宋宗勋,李峰,等.抑制区域间低频振荡的UPFC模糊滑模控制器[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(10):104-109.Li Lin,Song Zongxun,Li Feng,et al.UPFC fuzzy sliding mode controller for damping inter-area low frequency oscillation[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(10):104-109.
[9]肖湘宁,罗超,廖坤玉.新能源电力系统次同步振荡问题研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(6):85-97.Xiao Xiangning,Luo Chao,Liao Kunyu.Review of the research on subsynchronous oscillation issues in electric power system with renewable energy sources[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(6):85-97.
[10]姜齐荣,王亮,谢小荣.电力电子化电力系统的振荡问题及其抑制措施研究[J].高电压技术,2017,43(4):1057-1066.Jiang Qirong,Wang Liang,Xie Xiaorong.Study on oscillations of power-electronized power system and their mitigation schemes[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(4):1057-1066.
[11]李宽,王军,赵斌超,等.风火捆绑经HVDC送电引起轴系扭振研究[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(6):115-122.Li Kuan,Wang Jun,Zhao Binchao,et al.Shafting vibration research of wind power and thermal power bundle supply through HVDC[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(6):115-122.
[12]姚骏,曾欣,李嘉伟.并网双馈感应风电系统轴系振荡特[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(6):123-135.Yao Jun,Zeng Xin,Li Jiawei.Shaft oscillation characteristics of grid-connected doubly-fed induction generator-based wind power generation system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(6):123-135.
[13]杨悦,李国庆.基于VSC-HVDC的海上风电小干扰稳定控制[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(13):101-110.Yang Yue,Li Guoqing.The small signal stability control of offshore wind farm based on VSC-HVDC[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(13):101-110.
[14]王海潜,祁万春,乔黎伟,等.UPFC三节点功率注入模型及其工程应用[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(18):145-151.Wang Haiqian,Qi Wanchun,Qiao Liwei,et al.A three-bus power injection model of UPFC and its engineering application[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(18):145-151.
[15]李海峰,王相峰,陈中,等.统一潮流控制器相角控制策略与矢量控制策略的量化比较方法[J].电网技术,2016,40(8):2330-2336.Li Haifeng,Wang Xiangfeng,Chen Zhong,et al.Quantitative comparison methods of a power-angle controlled and vector-current controlled UPFC[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(8):2330-2336.
[16]Seiranyan A P.Collision of eigenvalues in linear oscillatory systems[J].Journal of Applied Mathematics&Mechanics,1994,58(5):805-813.
[17]Dobson I,Zhang J,Greene S,et al.Is strong modal resonance a precursor to power system oscillations?[J].IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I:Fundamental Theory and Applications,2001,48(3):340-349.
[18]Padiyar K R,Sai Kumar H V.Investigations on strong resonance in multimachine power systems with STATCOM supplementary modulation controller[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2006,21(2):754-762.
[19]刘黎明,康勇,陈坚,等.统一潮流控制器控制策略的研究与实现[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(10):114-119.Liu Liming,Kang Yong,Chen Jian,et al.Control scheme and implement of a unified power flow controller[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2006,26(10):114-119.
[20]国网江苏省电力公司.统一潮流控制器工程实践:南京西环网统一潮流控制器示范工程[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2015.
[21]Du Wenjuan,Bi Jingtian,LüChen,et al.Damping torque analysis of power systems with DFIGs for wind power generation[J].IET Renewable Power Generation,2017,11(1):10-19.
[2]孔祥平,李鹏,黄浩声,等.统一潮流控制器对线路纵联保护的影响分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(2):14-21.Kong Xiangping,Li Peng,Huang Haosheng,et al.Impact analysis of unified power flow controller on transmission line pilot protection[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(2):14-21.
[3]尹璐,舒彬,张璞,等.统一潮流控制器在电力系统中的PSD-BPA和MATLAB联合建模与仿真方法[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(增刊1):383-388.Yin Lu,Shu Bin,Zhang Pu,et al.PSD-BPA and MATLAB joint modeling and simulation method with UPFC for power system flow calculation[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(S1):383-388.
[4]王海风,李敏,陈珩.装有统一潮流控制器的多机电力系统Phillips-Heffron模型及其应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2001,21(2):6-10.Wang Haifeng,Li Min,Chen Heng.Phillips-heffron model of a multi-machine power system installed with a unified power flow controller and its applications[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2001,21(2):6-10.
[5]Wang H F.Damping function of unified power flow controller[J].IEE Proceedings-Generation,Transmission and Distribution,1999,146(1):81-87.
[6]任必兴,杜文娟,王海风,等.基于阻尼转矩分析法的UPFC阻尼通道选取与附加稳定器的协调设计[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(5):61-67.Ren Bixing,Du Wenjuan,Wang Haifeng,et al.Damping channel selection based on damping torque analysis and coordinated design of auxiliary stabilizer for UPFC[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(5):61-67.
[7]胡晓波,陈中,杜文娟,等.利用多端统一潮流控制器阻尼多模态振荡[J].电力系统自动化,2007,31(17):35-39.Hu Xiaobo,Chen Zhong,Du Wenjuan,et al.Damping power system multi-mode oscillations using MUPFC[J].Automations of Electric Power System,2007,31(17):35-39.
[8]李林,宋宗勋,李峰,等.抑制区域间低频振荡的UPFC模糊滑模控制器[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(10):104-109.Li Lin,Song Zongxun,Li Feng,et al.UPFC fuzzy sliding mode controller for damping inter-area low frequency oscillation[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(10):104-109.
[9]肖湘宁,罗超,廖坤玉.新能源电力系统次同步振荡问题研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(6):85-97.Xiao Xiangning,Luo Chao,Liao Kunyu.Review of the research on subsynchronous oscillation issues in electric power system with renewable energy sources[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(6):85-97.
[10]姜齐荣,王亮,谢小荣.电力电子化电力系统的振荡问题及其抑制措施研究[J].高电压技术,2017,43(4):1057-1066.Jiang Qirong,Wang Liang,Xie Xiaorong.Study on oscillations of power-electronized power system and their mitigation schemes[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(4):1057-1066.
[11]李宽,王军,赵斌超,等.风火捆绑经HVDC送电引起轴系扭振研究[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(6):115-122.Li Kuan,Wang Jun,Zhao Binchao,et al.Shafting vibration research of wind power and thermal power bundle supply through HVDC[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(6):115-122.
[12]姚骏,曾欣,李嘉伟.并网双馈感应风电系统轴系振荡特[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(6):123-135.Yao Jun,Zeng Xin,Li Jiawei.Shaft oscillation characteristics of grid-connected doubly-fed induction generator-based wind power generation system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(6):123-135.
[13]杨悦,李国庆.基于VSC-HVDC的海上风电小干扰稳定控制[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(13):101-110.Yang Yue,Li Guoqing.The small signal stability control of offshore wind farm based on VSC-HVDC[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(13):101-110.
[14]王海潜,祁万春,乔黎伟,等.UPFC三节点功率注入模型及其工程应用[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(18):145-151.Wang Haiqian,Qi Wanchun,Qiao Liwei,et al.A three-bus power injection model of UPFC and its engineering application[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(18):145-151.
[15]李海峰,王相峰,陈中,等.统一潮流控制器相角控制策略与矢量控制策略的量化比较方法[J].电网技术,2016,40(8):2330-2336.Li Haifeng,Wang Xiangfeng,Chen Zhong,et al.Quantitative comparison methods of a power-angle controlled and vector-current controlled UPFC[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(8):2330-2336.
[16]Seiranyan A P.Collision of eigenvalues in linear oscillatory systems[J].Journal of Applied Mathematics&Mechanics,1994,58(5):805-813.
[17]Dobson I,Zhang J,Greene S,et al.Is strong modal resonance a precursor to power system oscillations?[J].IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I:Fundamental Theory and Applications,2001,48(3):340-349.
[18]Padiyar K R,Sai Kumar H V.Investigations on strong resonance in multimachine power systems with STATCOM supplementary modulation controller[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2006,21(2):754-762.
[19]刘黎明,康勇,陈坚,等.统一潮流控制器控制策略的研究与实现[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(10):114-119.Liu Liming,Kang Yong,Chen Jian,et al.Control scheme and implement of a unified power flow controller[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2006,26(10):114-119.
[20]国网江苏省电力公司.统一潮流控制器工程实践:南京西环网统一潮流控制器示范工程[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2015.
[21]Du Wenjuan,Bi Jingtian,LüChen,et al.Damping torque analysis of power systems with DFIGs for wind power generation[J].IET Renewable Power Generation,2017,11(1):10-19.