大规模光伏并网对区域互联系统机电振荡影响分析
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摘要
大规模光伏并网会影响系统稳定运行,特别是随着区域互联系统的发展,光伏作为零转动惯量发电单元,其大规模接入可能会对电力系统阻尼特性产生一定的负面影响。研究了光伏接入的电力系统低频振荡特性:综合考虑光伏阵列、逆变器及其控制策略,建立光伏并网系统的线性化模型,以8机36节点系统为例,基于模式分析法,分别针对转动惯量变化和转动惯量不变这两种情况,从机理角度分析大规模光伏并网对系统阻尼特性的影响,同时也研究了不同光伏并网点、并网容量等因素对各模态阻尼比的影响。仿真结果表明:光伏并网不会直接影响系统的阻尼特性,也不会增加系统的低频振荡模式,光伏并网后对系统机电振荡既可能产生正面的影响,也可能产生负面的影响,而光伏并网容量、并网点位置等因素变化对各模态机电振荡的影响与各机组对该模态的参与因子相关,参与因子越大,相应的影响程度越大。
Large-scale photovoltaic grid connection will affect the stable operation of the system.Especially with the development of regional interconnected system,as a zero rotation inertia power generation unit,the large-scale access of the photovoltaic system may have a negative impact on the damping characteristics of the power system. The low-frequency oscillation characteristics of power system with photovoltaic access are studied in this paper. Considering the PV array,inverter and its control strategy,a linearized model of PV grid connected system is established. An 8-machine and36-node system is taken as an example. Based on the pattern analysis method,the influence of the large-scale PV grid connected to the damping characteristic of the system is studied from the two aspects,the moment of inertia being changing and the moment of inertia staying unchanged. At thesame time,the influence of different PV nodes and grid connection capacity on the damping ratio of various modes is also studied. The simulation results show that the PV grid connection does not directly affect the damping characteristics of the system,nor does it increase the number of low frequency oscillation modes of the system. The PV grid connected to the system may have a positive impact on the system electromechanical oscillation and may also have a negative impact. The participation factors of each generator are related to the mode,and the greater the participation factor,the greater the corresponding degree of influence.
Large-scale photovoltaic grid connection will affect the stable operation of the system.Especially with the development of regional interconnected system,as a zero rotation inertia power generation unit,the large-scale access of the photovoltaic system may have a negative impact on the damping characteristics of the power system. The low-frequency oscillation characteristics of power system with photovoltaic access are studied in this paper. Considering the PV array,inverter and its control strategy,a linearized model of PV grid connected system is established. An 8-machine and36-node system is taken as an example. Based on the pattern analysis method,the influence of the large-scale PV grid connected to the damping characteristic of the system is studied from the two aspects,the moment of inertia being changing and the moment of inertia staying unchanged. At thesame time,the influence of different PV nodes and grid connection capacity on the damping ratio of various modes is also studied. The simulation results show that the PV grid connection does not directly affect the damping characteristics of the system,nor does it increase the number of low frequency oscillation modes of the system. The PV grid connected to the system may have a positive impact on the system electromechanical oscillation and may also have a negative impact. The participation factors of each generator are related to the mode,and the greater the participation factor,the greater the corresponding degree of influence.
引文
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[2]艾欣,韩晓男,孙英云.光伏发电并网及其相关技术发展现状与展望[J].现代电力,2013,30(1):1-7.
[3]葛景.大规模光伏并网对低频振荡的影响及控制方法研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2017.
[4]高东磊,苏杰,刘友宽,等.水轮机组功率振荡预防的仿真研究[J].电力科学与工程,2013,29(6):73-78
[5] DU W,WANG H,XIAO L Y. Power system smallsignal stability as affected by grid-connected photovoltaic generation[J]. European Transactions on Electrical Power,2012,22(5):688-703.
[6] QUINTERO J,VITTAL V,HEYDT G T,et al. The impact of increased penetration of converter controlbased generators on power system modes of oscillation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2014,29(5):2248-2256.
[7] ELLIOTT R,BYRNE R,ELLIS A,et al. Impact of increased photovoltaic generation on inter-area oscillations in the Western North American power system[C]//Pes General Meeting Conference&Exposition. IEEE,2014.
[8] SHAH R,MITHULANANTHAN N,BANSAL R C.Oscillatory stability analysis with high penetrations of large-scale photovoltaic generation[J]. Energy Conversion&Management,2013,65(1):420-429.
[9]索江镭,胡志坚,刘宇凯,等.大规模光伏发电并网对互联电力系统阻尼特性的影响及其阻尼控制策略[J].西安交通大学学报,2015,49(2):99-105.
[10]肖恒威.弱送端风光火打捆交直流外送系统小干扰功角稳定性研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2017.
[11]叶华.大规模电力系统低频振荡分析与广域自适应控制研究[D].济南:山东大学,2009.