采用多目标蝙蝠算法的电力系统广域协调控制策略
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摘要
广域电网中多个电力系统稳定器之间存在相互作用,影响整个系统的控制效果,为此提出一种基于蝙蝠算法的多目标广域阻尼控制器协调设计方法.该方法利用蝙蝠算法中种群的多样性,使得算法在迭代寻优过程中保持持续优化的能力,保证算法具有较好的收敛性和准确性;以机电振荡模态的实部和阻尼比为目标函数,将多机电力系统稳定器参数优化问题归结为带不等式约束的多目标优化问题.分别在四机两区域系统和新英格兰典型系统的多种运行方式下进行仿真,结果表明:所提方法能够改善系统弱机电模式的特征值分布,有效抑制低频振荡,具有良好的控制效果和鲁棒性.
There is interaction between multiple power system stabilizers in the wide-area power grid, which affects the control effect of the whole system. Therefore, a coordinated design method of multi-objective wide area damping controller based on bat algorithm was proposed. This method made use of the population diversity of bat algorithm to keep the algorithm's ability of continuous optimization in the iterative optimization process, which ensures that the algorithm has good convergence and accuracy. Taking the real part and damping ratio of the electromechanical oscillation mode as the objective function, the parameter optimization problem of the stabilizer of multi-machine power system was reduced to the multi-objective optimization problem with inequality constraint. The simulation results show that the proposed method can improve the eigenvalue distribution of the system's weak electromechanical mode, effectively suppress the low frequency oscillation, and has good control effect and robustness.
There is interaction between multiple power system stabilizers in the wide-area power grid, which affects the control effect of the whole system. Therefore, a coordinated design method of multi-objective wide area damping controller based on bat algorithm was proposed. This method made use of the population diversity of bat algorithm to keep the algorithm's ability of continuous optimization in the iterative optimization process, which ensures that the algorithm has good convergence and accuracy. Taking the real part and damping ratio of the electromechanical oscillation mode as the objective function, the parameter optimization problem of the stabilizer of multi-machine power system was reduced to the multi-objective optimization problem with inequality constraint. The simulation results show that the proposed method can improve the eigenvalue distribution of the system's weak electromechanical mode, effectively suppress the low frequency oscillation, and has good control effect and robustness.
引文
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[15]张程,金涛.考虑噪声的电力系统低频振荡辨识方法[J].华中科技大学学报:自然科学版,2017,45(4):90-96.ZHANG Cheng,JIN Tao.Low frequency oscillation identification method of power system considering its noise[J].Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2017,45(4):90-96.
[16]马燕峰,刘伟东,赵书强.基于包络线拟合的低频振荡性质在线判别[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(23):46-53.MA Yan-feng,LIU Wei-dong,ZHAO Shu-qiang.On-line identification of low-frequency oscillation properties based on envelope fitting[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(23):46-53.
[2]陈恩泽,刘涤尘,廖清芬,等.多重扰动下的跨区电网低频振荡研究[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(2):290-296.CHEN En-ze,LIU Di-chen,LIAO Qing-fen,et al.Research on low frequency oscillation of interconnected power grid based on multiple disturbances[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(2):290-296.
[3]宋墩文,杨学涛,丁巧林,等.大规模互联电网低频振荡分析与控制方法综述[J].电网技术,2011,35(10):22-27.SONG Dun-wen,YANG Xue-tao,DING Qiao-lin,et al.A survey on analysis on low frequency oscillation in large-scale interconnected power grid and its control measure[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(10):22-27.
[4]陈中,胡吕龙.基于阻尼转矩分析法的多广域阻尼控制器多模态交互影响分析[J].电力自动化设备,2012,32(11):92-96.CHEN Zhong,HU Lv-long.Interaction of multiple wide-area damping controllers based on DTAmethod[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2012,32(11):92-96.
[5]马燕峰,周一辰,赵书强,等.考虑交互作用的多阻尼控制器独立设计的控制环选择[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(04):136-146.MA Yan-feng,ZHOU Yi-chen,ZHAO Shu-qiang,et al.Control loops selection for independent design of multiple damping controllers with interactions considered[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(04):136-146.
[6]陶向宇,刘增煌.多机电力系统广泛配置PSS的可行性研究[J].电网技术,2008,32(22):29-34.TAO Xiang-yu,LIU Zeng-huang.Study on the feasibility of wide usage of PSS in multi-machine power system[J].Power System Technology,2008,32(22):29-34.
[7]赵书强,常鲜戎,贺仁睦,等.PSS控制过程中的借阻尼现象与负阻尼效应[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(5):11-15.ZHAO Shu-qiang,CHANG Xian-rong,HE Ren-mu,et al.Borrow damping phenomena and negative damping effect of PSS control[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2004,24(5):11-15.
[8]ZHAO Y,YUAN Z,LU C,et al.Improved modelfree adaptive wide-area coordination damping controller for multiple-input-multiple-output power systems[J].IET Generation,Transmission and Distribution,2016,10(13):3264-3275.
[9]LI Y,CHRISTIAN R,SVEN R,et al.Wide-area robust coordination approach of HVDC and FACTScontrollers for damping multiple interarea oscillations[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2012,27(3):1096-1105.
[10]马燕峰,张佳怡.计及广域信号多时滞影响的电力系统附加鲁棒阻尼控制[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(06):58-66.MA Yan-feng,ZHANG Jia-yi.Additional robust damping control of wide-area power system with multiple time delays considered[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(06):58-66.
[11]HASSAN L H,MOGHAVVEMI M,ALMURIB H AF,et al.A coordinated design of PSSs and UPFC-based stabilizer using genetic algorithm[J].IEEETransactions on Industry Applications,2014,50(5):2957-2966.
[12]YANG X S,HOSSEIN GANDOMI A.Bat algorithm:a novel approach for global engineering optimization[J].Engineering Computations,2012,29(5):464-483.
[13]SHENG S Q,ZHANG J J.Capacity configuration optimisation for stand-alone micro-grid based on an improved binary bat algorithm[J].The Journal of Engineering,2017,2017(13):2083-2087.
[14]KOMARASAMY G,WAHI A.An optimized K-means clustering technique using bat algorithm[J].European Journal of Scientific Research,2012,84(2):263-273.
[15]张程,金涛.考虑噪声的电力系统低频振荡辨识方法[J].华中科技大学学报:自然科学版,2017,45(4):90-96.ZHANG Cheng,JIN Tao.Low frequency oscillation identification method of power system considering its noise[J].Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2017,45(4):90-96.
[16]马燕峰,刘伟东,赵书强.基于包络线拟合的低频振荡性质在线判别[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(23):46-53.MA Yan-feng,LIU Wei-dong,ZHAO Shu-qiang.On-line identification of low-frequency oscillation properties based on envelope fitting[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(23):46-53.