超大型冷却塔施工全过程流场作用机理分析
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摘要
已有关于冷却塔表面风荷载的研究均忽略了施工全过程的影响,以国内某在建210 m高超大型冷却塔为工程背景,综合考虑工程进度与计算精度建立8个冷却塔施工全过程三维实体模型.采用大涡模拟(Large Eddy Simulation,LES)方法获得了施工全过程冷却塔周围流场信息和三维气动力时程,将成塔风压与规范及国内外现有实测曲线进行对比,验证了数值模拟的有效性.在此基础上,对比分析了超大型冷却塔施工全过程外表面流场分布随高度增长的变化规律,归纳总结了冷却塔施工全过程外表面压力系数与层阻力系数三维分布规律,探讨了各施工工况典型截面尾迹流线、涡量云图及湍动能分布差异与产生原因,最终揭示了超大型冷却塔施工全过程三维绕流与风压分布的演化规律.主要结论为进一步理解超大型冷却塔施工全过程流场演化规律与风荷载取值提供科学参考.
The influence of the whole construction process are ignored in existing research on wind loads for cooling towers; a large cooling tower of 210 m high under construction in China is taken as the engineering background. Considering construction schedule and calculation precision, three-dimensional entity models of eight construction phases of cooling tower during whole construction period are set up. Flow field information and three-dimensional aerodynamic force of the cooling tower on the whole construction period are obtained by the large eddy simulation(LES) method. In order to verify the effectiveness of the numerical simulation, wind pressures of the tower and specifications and domestic and foreign existing measured curve are compared. On this basis, the changing laws of surface wind loads along the height for the super large cooling tower on the whole construction period are analyzed; and distribution of the surface pressure coefficients along the toroidal and meridian for the super large cooling tower during the whole construction period is summed up. Also the differences and reasons of the wake flow, vorticity and turbulent kinetic energy under different construction conditions are discussed. Finally, the evolution laws of three-dimensional flow and wind pressure distribution of the super large cooling tower during whole construction period are revealed. The main conclusion can be the scientific reference for the further understanding of the evolution of flow field and wind loads for the cooling tower during the whole construction period.
The influence of the whole construction process are ignored in existing research on wind loads for cooling towers; a large cooling tower of 210 m high under construction in China is taken as the engineering background. Considering construction schedule and calculation precision, three-dimensional entity models of eight construction phases of cooling tower during whole construction period are set up. Flow field information and three-dimensional aerodynamic force of the cooling tower on the whole construction period are obtained by the large eddy simulation(LES) method. In order to verify the effectiveness of the numerical simulation, wind pressures of the tower and specifications and domestic and foreign existing measured curve are compared. On this basis, the changing laws of surface wind loads along the height for the super large cooling tower on the whole construction period are analyzed; and distribution of the surface pressure coefficients along the toroidal and meridian for the super large cooling tower during the whole construction period is summed up. Also the differences and reasons of the wake flow, vorticity and turbulent kinetic energy under different construction conditions are discussed. Finally, the evolution laws of three-dimensional flow and wind pressure distribution of the super large cooling tower during whole construction period are revealed. The main conclusion can be the scientific reference for the further understanding of the evolution of flow field and wind loads for the cooling tower during the whole construction period.
引文
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[4] 柯世堂, 朱鹏. 不同导风装置对超大型冷却塔风压特性影响研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2016, 35(22): 136-141. Ke Shitang, Zhu Peng. Impact study of the different air-deflectors on the wind pressure for super-large cooling towers[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2016, 35(22): 136-141.
[5] 张明, 王菲, 李庆斌,等. 双曲线冷却塔施工期设计风荷载的确定[J]. 清华大学学报(自然科学版), 2015,(12):1281-1288. Zhang Ming, Wang Fei, Li Qingbin, et al. Design wind loads on hyperbolic cooling towers during construction[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2015,(12):1281-1288.
[6] 邹云峰, 牛华伟, 陈政清. 基于完全气动弹性模型的冷却塔风致响应风洞试验研究[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2013, 34(6):60-67. Zou Yunfeng, Niu Huawei, Chen Zhengqing. Wind tunnel test on wind-induced response of cooling tower based on full aero-elastic model[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2013, 34(6):60-67.
[7] 鲍侃袁, 沈国辉, 孙炳楠. 大型双曲冷却塔平均风荷载的数值模拟研究[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2009, 27(6): 650-655. Bao Kanyuan, Shen Guohui, Sun Bingnan. Numerical simulation of mean wind load on large hyperbolic cooling tower[J]. Acta Aerodynamic Snica, 2009, 27(6): 650-655.
[8] Zhao L, Chen X, Ke S T, et al. Aerodynamic and aero-elastic performances of super-large cooling towers[J]. Wind and Structures, 2014, 19(4): 443-465.
[9] 沈国辉, 余关鹏, 孙炳楠, 等. 大型冷却塔风致响应的干扰效应[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2012, 46(1): 33-38,45. Shen Guohui, Yu Guanpeng, Sun Bingnan, et al. Interference effect of wind-induced response on large hyperbolic cooling tower[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science), 2012, 46(1): 33-38,45.
[10] Ke S T, Ge Y J, Zhao L, et al. A new methodology for analysis of equivalent static wind loads on super-large cooling towers[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2012, 111(3): 30-39.
[11] 刘若斐, 沈国辉, 孙炳楠. 大型冷却塔风荷载的数值模拟研究[J]. 工程力学, 2006, 23(s1):177-183. Liu Ruofei, Shen Guohui, Sun Bingnan. Numerical simulation study of wind load on large hyperbolic cooling tower[J]. Engineering Mechanics, 2006, 23(s1):177-183.
[12] 沈国辉, 张陈胜, 孙炳楠, 等. 大型双曲冷却塔内表面风荷载的数值模拟[J]. 哈尔滨工业大学学报, 2011, 43(4): 104-108. Shen Guohui, Zhang Chensheng, Sun Bingnan, et al. Numerical simulation of wind load on inner surface of large hyperbolic cooling tower[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology, 2011, 43(4): 104-108.
[13] 邹云峰, 何旭辉, 谭立新,等. 特大型冷却塔单塔内表面风荷载三维效应及其设计取值[J]. 湖南大学学报(自然科学版), 2015, 42(1): 24-30. Zhou Yunfeng, He Xuhui, Tan Lixin, et al. Three-dimensional effect and design value of inter surface wind loading for single super-large cooling tower[J]. Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences), 2015, 42(1): 24-30.
[14] 郑德乾, 郑启明, 顾明. 平滑流场内半圆球大跨屋盖非定常绕流大涡模拟[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2016, 37: 19-24. Zheng Deqian, Zheng Qiming, Gu Ming. Large eddy simulation of flow around a hemispherical dome in smooth flow[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2016, 37: 19-24.
[15] 卢春玲, 李秋胜, 黄生洪,等. 大跨度复杂屋盖结构风荷载的大涡模拟[J]. 土木工程学报, 2011, 44(1): 1-9. Lu Chunling, Li Qiusheng, Huang Shenghong, et al. Simulation of large eddy of wind load on a long-span complex roof structure[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2011, 44(1): 1-9.
[2] 中华人民共和国建设部. GB/T 50102-2014 工业循环水冷却设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社, 2014. The Ministry of Construction of the People’s Republic of China. GB/T 50102-2014 Industrial Circulating Water Cooling Design Specification[S]. Beijing: China Planning Press, 2014.
[3] Ke Shitang, Liang Jun, Zhao Lin, et al. Influence of ventilation rate on the aerodynamic interference for two IDCTs by CFD[J]. Wind and Structures, 2015, 20(3): 449-468.
[4] 柯世堂, 朱鹏. 不同导风装置对超大型冷却塔风压特性影响研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2016, 35(22): 136-141. Ke Shitang, Zhu Peng. Impact study of the different air-deflectors on the wind pressure for super-large cooling towers[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2016, 35(22): 136-141.
[5] 张明, 王菲, 李庆斌,等. 双曲线冷却塔施工期设计风荷载的确定[J]. 清华大学学报(自然科学版), 2015,(12):1281-1288. Zhang Ming, Wang Fei, Li Qingbin, et al. Design wind loads on hyperbolic cooling towers during construction[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2015,(12):1281-1288.
[6] 邹云峰, 牛华伟, 陈政清. 基于完全气动弹性模型的冷却塔风致响应风洞试验研究[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2013, 34(6):60-67. Zou Yunfeng, Niu Huawei, Chen Zhengqing. Wind tunnel test on wind-induced response of cooling tower based on full aero-elastic model[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2013, 34(6):60-67.
[7] 鲍侃袁, 沈国辉, 孙炳楠. 大型双曲冷却塔平均风荷载的数值模拟研究[J]. 空气动力学学报, 2009, 27(6): 650-655. Bao Kanyuan, Shen Guohui, Sun Bingnan. Numerical simulation of mean wind load on large hyperbolic cooling tower[J]. Acta Aerodynamic Snica, 2009, 27(6): 650-655.
[8] Zhao L, Chen X, Ke S T, et al. Aerodynamic and aero-elastic performances of super-large cooling towers[J]. Wind and Structures, 2014, 19(4): 443-465.
[9] 沈国辉, 余关鹏, 孙炳楠, 等. 大型冷却塔风致响应的干扰效应[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2012, 46(1): 33-38,45. Shen Guohui, Yu Guanpeng, Sun Bingnan, et al. Interference effect of wind-induced response on large hyperbolic cooling tower[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science), 2012, 46(1): 33-38,45.
[10] Ke S T, Ge Y J, Zhao L, et al. A new methodology for analysis of equivalent static wind loads on super-large cooling towers[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2012, 111(3): 30-39.
[11] 刘若斐, 沈国辉, 孙炳楠. 大型冷却塔风荷载的数值模拟研究[J]. 工程力学, 2006, 23(s1):177-183. Liu Ruofei, Shen Guohui, Sun Bingnan. Numerical simulation study of wind load on large hyperbolic cooling tower[J]. Engineering Mechanics, 2006, 23(s1):177-183.
[12] 沈国辉, 张陈胜, 孙炳楠, 等. 大型双曲冷却塔内表面风荷载的数值模拟[J]. 哈尔滨工业大学学报, 2011, 43(4): 104-108. Shen Guohui, Zhang Chensheng, Sun Bingnan, et al. Numerical simulation of wind load on inner surface of large hyperbolic cooling tower[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology, 2011, 43(4): 104-108.
[13] 邹云峰, 何旭辉, 谭立新,等. 特大型冷却塔单塔内表面风荷载三维效应及其设计取值[J]. 湖南大学学报(自然科学版), 2015, 42(1): 24-30. Zhou Yunfeng, He Xuhui, Tan Lixin, et al. Three-dimensional effect and design value of inter surface wind loading for single super-large cooling tower[J]. Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences), 2015, 42(1): 24-30.
[14] 郑德乾, 郑启明, 顾明. 平滑流场内半圆球大跨屋盖非定常绕流大涡模拟[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2016, 37: 19-24. Zheng Deqian, Zheng Qiming, Gu Ming. Large eddy simulation of flow around a hemispherical dome in smooth flow[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2016, 37: 19-24.
[15] 卢春玲, 李秋胜, 黄生洪,等. 大跨度复杂屋盖结构风荷载的大涡模拟[J]. 土木工程学报, 2011, 44(1): 1-9. Lu Chunling, Li Qiusheng, Huang Shenghong, et al. Simulation of large eddy of wind load on a long-span complex roof structure[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2011, 44(1): 1-9.