杨昌济体质教育思想对当代学校体育的启示
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摘要
杨昌济作为中国现代教育的先驱,其体质教育思想在我国教育史上具有重要影响。运用文献资料法和逻辑分析法,对杨昌济的体质教育思想进行研究。认为其体质教育思想包含:强健国民体质的体育救国论;"教育不可不置重于体育"的教育观;德、智、体并重的"训练""教授""养护"之全面教育观;彰显"健康第一"、积极与消极并重的"养护论";倡导"知行合一"的体质健康促进理念。认为,新时期我国的学校体育需借鉴杨昌济的体质教育思想,体育与健康教育并重,使体育回归以学生体质健康为本的本质功能,探索新型课程体系,推进体育教师角色转换和教育模式创新,探索一条具有中国特色的体育与健康教育之路。
As a pioneer of modern education in China,Yang Changji's physique education has an important influence on the history of education in China.By literature and logic analysis,Yang Changji's physique education thought is studied.It is believed that his physique education thoughts include:the theory of nation-saving sports with strong national physique;the education concept of"education must focus on sports";the comprehensive education concept of"training""eaching"and "onservation"with equal emphasis on morality,intelligence and body;"conservation theory"which focuses"Health First",and equally emphasizes positiveness and negativeness;physical health promotion theory which advocates"a combination of knowing and doing".It is believed that in the new era,China's school sports should draw on Yang Changji's physique education thoughts,paying equal attention to sports and health education,and returning sports to the essential functions of students' physical health and exploring new curriculum systems,promoting the transformation of the role of physical education teachers and the innovation of educational models,and exploring apath of sports and health education with Chinese characteristics.
As a pioneer of modern education in China,Yang Changji's physique education has an important influence on the history of education in China.By literature and logic analysis,Yang Changji's physique education thought is studied.It is believed that his physique education thoughts include:the theory of nation-saving sports with strong national physique;the education concept of"education must focus on sports";the comprehensive education concept of"training""eaching"and "onservation"with equal emphasis on morality,intelligence and body;"conservation theory"which focuses"Health First",and equally emphasizes positiveness and negativeness;physical health promotion theory which advocates"a combination of knowing and doing".It is believed that in the new era,China's school sports should draw on Yang Changji's physique education thoughts,paying equal attention to sports and health education,and returning sports to the essential functions of students' physical health and exploring new curriculum systems,promoting the transformation of the role of physical education teachers and the innovation of educational models,and exploring apath of sports and health education with Chinese characteristics.
引文
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[3] 王兴国.杨昌济集[M].长沙:湖南教育出版社,2008:543.
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[9] 杨昌济.论教育上之养护[J].湖南教育杂志,1914(8):45.
[10] 王俊奇.近现代二十家体育思想论稿[M].北京:人民体育出版社,1993:64.
[11] 杨昌济.劝学篇[J].公言,1914(1):65.
[12] 杨昌济.治生篇[J].新青年,1935(5):11.
[13] 罗燕.教授与训练:杨昌济在湖南一师教学改革始末[J].湖南第一师范学院学报,2015,15(6):28.
[14] 杨昌济.达化斋日记[M].长沙:湖南人民出版社,1978:67.
[15] 张玉兰.体育教育中的生命本质与体现[J].河北体育学院学报2013,27(3):49.
[16] 李冲,史曙生.我国青少年体质健康促进政策评估现存问题及改进思路[J].体育学刊2018,25(4):1.
[17] 张朋,杨麟,王莉莉.青少年体质健康促进的合力研究[J].河北体育学院学报2015,29(1):5.
[2] 余万予.试论杨昌济的体育思想及其对《体育之研究》的影响[J].体育文化导刊,1989(3):73.
[3] 王兴国.杨昌济集[M].长沙:湖南教育出版社,2008:543.
[4] 杨昌济.余改良社会之意见[J].公言,1919(2):185.
[5] 杨昌济.教育与政治[J].湖南教育杂志,1913(16):116.
[6] 杨昌济.告学生[J].国民,1919(1):36.
[7] 毛泽东.毛泽东早期文稿[M].长沙:湖南人民出版社,2008:158.
[8] 周世钊.毛主席青少年时期锻炼身体的故事[M].北京:人民体育出版,1978:211.
[9] 杨昌济.论教育上之养护[J].湖南教育杂志,1914(8):45.
[10] 王俊奇.近现代二十家体育思想论稿[M].北京:人民体育出版社,1993:64.
[11] 杨昌济.劝学篇[J].公言,1914(1):65.
[12] 杨昌济.治生篇[J].新青年,1935(5):11.
[13] 罗燕.教授与训练:杨昌济在湖南一师教学改革始末[J].湖南第一师范学院学报,2015,15(6):28.
[14] 杨昌济.达化斋日记[M].长沙:湖南人民出版社,1978:67.
[15] 张玉兰.体育教育中的生命本质与体现[J].河北体育学院学报2013,27(3):49.
[16] 李冲,史曙生.我国青少年体质健康促进政策评估现存问题及改进思路[J].体育学刊2018,25(4):1.
[17] 张朋,杨麟,王莉莉.青少年体质健康促进的合力研究[J].河北体育学院学报2015,29(1):5.