石墨烯纤维的湿法纺丝制备及性能研究
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摘要
本文利用改进的Hummers法制备了氧化石墨烯悬浮液,探索了纺丝液浓度、凝固浴中溶质与溶剂种类以及配比等条件对纺丝的影响.采用湿法纺丝纺出长达40多厘米的氧化石墨烯纤维.采用氢碘酸对氧化石墨烯纤维进行化学还原,得到电导率达117.74 S/cm的石墨烯纤维,可作为导线运用.其机械性能也得以增强,能够打结,断裂强度达到0.82 c N/dtex,断裂伸长率为4.17%,弹性模量为30.75 c N/dtex,断裂强度约为棉纤维的三分之一,具有一定的实用性.
Graphene has attracted more and more research attentions due to its excellent electrical,thermal conductivity and mechanical properties. The two-dimensional single-layer film of graphene is the thin nest nanomaterial with the highest conductivity and mechanical strength. The one-dimensional graphene fibers prepared by wet spinning,which combine the high conductivity of grapheme with the flexibility and spinnability of conventional fiber materials,have wide application prospects in the field of intelligent textiles. In this paper,the suspension of graphene oxide was prepared by an improved Hummers method. The influence of the spinning solution concentration and the type of solute and solvent in the coagulation bath on the spinning was studied. Graphene oxide fibers with length up to 44 cm were obtained by wet spinning,which were then reduced with hydroiodic acid to get graphene fibers. These fibers have an electrical conductivity of 117 S/cm and can be used as electricwires. Mechanical property measurement indicates that the graphene fibers have a breaking strength of 0. 82 c N/dtex,which is about 1/3 of cotton fibers,a breaking elongation of 4. 17% and an elastic modulus of 30. 75 c N/dtex. The graphene fibers can be knotted as normal fibers and showing good prospects for practical applications.
Graphene has attracted more and more research attentions due to its excellent electrical,thermal conductivity and mechanical properties. The two-dimensional single-layer film of graphene is the thin nest nanomaterial with the highest conductivity and mechanical strength. The one-dimensional graphene fibers prepared by wet spinning,which combine the high conductivity of grapheme with the flexibility and spinnability of conventional fiber materials,have wide application prospects in the field of intelligent textiles. In this paper,the suspension of graphene oxide was prepared by an improved Hummers method. The influence of the spinning solution concentration and the type of solute and solvent in the coagulation bath on the spinning was studied. Graphene oxide fibers with length up to 44 cm were obtained by wet spinning,which were then reduced with hydroiodic acid to get graphene fibers. These fibers have an electrical conductivity of 117 S/cm and can be used as electricwires. Mechanical property measurement indicates that the graphene fibers have a breaking strength of 0. 82 c N/dtex,which is about 1/3 of cotton fibers,a breaking elongation of 4. 17% and an elastic modulus of 30. 75 c N/dtex. The graphene fibers can be knotted as normal fibers and showing good prospects for practical applications.
引文
[1]孟玉宁.宏观一维石墨烯材料的制备及应用研究[D].北京:北京理工大学,2014.
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[7]JALILI R,ABOUTALEBI H S,ESRAFILZADEH D,et al.Scalable one-step wet-spinning of graphene fibers and yarns from liquid crystalline dispersions of graphene oxide:towards multifunctional textiles[J].Advanced Functional Materials,2013,23(43):5345-5354.
[8]XIANG C,YOUNG C C,WANG X,et al.Large flake graphene oxide fibers with unconventional 100%knot efficiency and highly aligned small flake graphene oxide fibers[J].Advanced Materials,2013,25(33):4592-4597.
[9]史妍,曲良体.石墨烯纤维研究进展[J].科技导报,2015,33(3):99-104.
[10]HUMMERS W S,OFFEMAN R E.Preparation of graphitic oxide[J].J.Am.Chem.Soc.,1958,80(6):1339.
[11]赵雅薇.片状和纤维状碳材料填充的导热复合材料的制备与研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014.
[12]XU Z,SUN H,ZHAO X,et al.Ultrastrong fibers assembled from giant graphene oxide sheets[J].Advanced Materials,2013,25(2):188-193.
[13]翁诗甫.傅里叶变换红外光谱分析[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2010.
[14]郑冰娜,高超.石墨烯-碳纳米管宏观组装复合纤维的制备及其电化学性能研究[J].高分子通报,2013(10):171-178.
[2]李吉豪.还原自组装法制备功能化石墨烯材料及其性能研究[D].上海:中国科学院上海应用物理研究所,2014.
[3]XU Z,GAO C.Graphene chiral liquid crystals and macroscopic assembled fibers[J].Nature Communications,2011(2):571.
[4]CONG H,REN X,WANG P,et al.Wet-spinning assembly of continuous,neat,and macroscopic graphene fibers[J].Scientific Reports,2012(2):613.
[5]CHEN L,HE Y,CHAI S,et al.Toward high performance graphenefibers[J].Nanoscale,2013(5):5809-5815.
[6]HUANG G,HOU C,SHAO Y,et al.Highly strong and elastic graphenefibres prepared from universal graphene oxide precursors[J].Scientific Reports,2014(4):4248.
[7]JALILI R,ABOUTALEBI H S,ESRAFILZADEH D,et al.Scalable one-step wet-spinning of graphene fibers and yarns from liquid crystalline dispersions of graphene oxide:towards multifunctional textiles[J].Advanced Functional Materials,2013,23(43):5345-5354.
[8]XIANG C,YOUNG C C,WANG X,et al.Large flake graphene oxide fibers with unconventional 100%knot efficiency and highly aligned small flake graphene oxide fibers[J].Advanced Materials,2013,25(33):4592-4597.
[9]史妍,曲良体.石墨烯纤维研究进展[J].科技导报,2015,33(3):99-104.
[10]HUMMERS W S,OFFEMAN R E.Preparation of graphitic oxide[J].J.Am.Chem.Soc.,1958,80(6):1339.
[11]赵雅薇.片状和纤维状碳材料填充的导热复合材料的制备与研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014.
[12]XU Z,SUN H,ZHAO X,et al.Ultrastrong fibers assembled from giant graphene oxide sheets[J].Advanced Materials,2013,25(2):188-193.
[13]翁诗甫.傅里叶变换红外光谱分析[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2010.
[14]郑冰娜,高超.石墨烯-碳纳米管宏观组装复合纤维的制备及其电化学性能研究[J].高分子通报,2013(10):171-178.