针对高原机场障碍物补偿修正量的改进
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摘要
为解决高原机场净空条件限制比较严苛的问题,采用统计建模方法建立安全评价模型,改进障碍物补偿修正量。首先,基于矩形模型和碰撞风险模型(CRM)研究高度补偿修正量对障碍物碰撞风险概率的影响;然后,分析C类飞机在平原和高原机场的航迹偏差,基于此建立安全评价模型;其次,根据该模型计算平原和高原机场的安全区域下限,分析安全区域下界均值和机场标高的对应关系,得到改进后障碍物高度补偿修正量;最后,在昆明机场应用该修正量,验证其安全性和实用性。结果表明:在高原机场,高度补偿修正量对碰撞风险概率的影响显著;对于C类飞机每千米的高度补偿修正量可由2. 88 m改进至2 m;在高原机场应用改进后的高度补偿修正量可获得更大的运行优势。
In order to solve the problem of stricter restrictions on clearance conditions of the plateau airport,a safety evaluation model is constructed by using the statistical modeling method to improve the obstacle compensation correction. Firstly,based on the rectangular model and CRM,the influence of the height compensation correction amount on the obstacle collision risk probability was studied. Then,the safety area lower limits of plain and plateau airports were calculated according to the model and the correspondence between the average lower limit and the airport elevation was analyzed to obtain the improved obstacle height compensation correction amount. Finally,the correction was applied at Kunming Airport to verify its safety and practicability. The results show that the altitude compensation correction at the plateau airport exerts a significant impact on the probability of collision risk; the height compensation correction per kilometer for Class C aircraft can be improved from 2. 88 m to 2 m,and the improved height compensation correction can bring a greater operational advantage.
In order to solve the problem of stricter restrictions on clearance conditions of the plateau airport,a safety evaluation model is constructed by using the statistical modeling method to improve the obstacle compensation correction. Firstly,based on the rectangular model and CRM,the influence of the height compensation correction amount on the obstacle collision risk probability was studied. Then,the safety area lower limits of plain and plateau airports were calculated according to the model and the correspondence between the average lower limit and the airport elevation was analyzed to obtain the improved obstacle height compensation correction amount. Finally,the correction was applied at Kunming Airport to verify its safety and practicability. The results show that the altitude compensation correction at the plateau airport exerts a significant impact on the probability of collision risk; the height compensation correction per kilometer for Class C aircraft can be improved from 2. 88 m to 2 m,and the improved height compensation correction can bring a greater operational advantage.
引文
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[2]吴鹏,种小雷,耿昊.飞机位置预测模型的净空区障碍物评定方法[J].空军工程大学学报:自然科学版,2018,19(4):20-24.WU Peng,CHONG Xiaolei,GENG Hao.An evaluation method of clearance obstacle based on the prediction model of aircraft position[J].Journal of Air Force Engineering University:Nature Science Edition,2018,19(4):20-24.
[3]孙瑞山,杨泽煊,汪磊.QAR数据在飞行安全评价中的应用[J].中国安全科学学报,2015,25(7):87-92.SUN Ruishan,YANG Zexuan,WANG Lei.Study on flight safety evaluation based on QAR data[J].China Safety Science Journal,2015,25(7):87-92.
[4]赵向领,雷碧玉.点汇聚进近飞行程序近地风险评估方法研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2017,27(3):157-162.ZHAO Xiangling,LEI Biyu.Research on method for assessing risk in ground approach under point merging procedure[J].China Safety Science Journal,2017,27(3):157-162.
[5]SANADARADURA A S.Quantitative risk analysis of obstacle limitation standards[J].Microscopy Research&Technique,2015,74(1):23-27.
[6]魏志强,葛飞,王仲,等.基于CRM的障碍物椭圆评价面的构建方法[J].中国安全科学学报,2018,28(6):135-140.WEI Zhiqiang,GE Fei,WANG Zhong,et al.Method for constructing obstacle assessment surface based on collision risk model[J].China Safety Science Journal,2018,28(6):135-140.
[7]FRICKE H,THIEL C.A methodology to assess the safety of aircraft operations when aerodrome obstacle standards cannot be met[J].Open Journal of Applied Sciences,2015,5(2):62-81.
[8]李明捷,石荣.民用机场净空区内障碍物安全性评价方法研究[J].安全与环境学报,2011,11(1):226-229.LI Mingjie,SHI Rong.Research on safety assessment method of obstruction in the civil aviation clearance area[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2011,11(1):226-229.
[9]种小雷,王克春,刘一通,等.基于机型的机场端近净空区障碍物限制高度分析[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(4):1 106-1 108.CHONG Xiaolei,WANG Kechun,LIU Yitong,et al.Analysis of restricted height of obstructions at near airport airport near airfield based on aircraft model[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2013,13(4):1 106-1 108.
[10]罗成立,蔡良才,张罗利,等.平行双跑道机场净空障碍物评定[J].交通运输工程学报,2011,11(1):69-73.LUO Chengli,CAI Liangcai,ZHANG Luoli,et al.Obstacle assessment of parallel double-runway airfield clearance[J].Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2011,11(1):69-73.
[11]吴德伟,武昌,赵修斌.飞机着陆引导系统对机场净空要求的影响分析[J].空军工程大学学报:自然科学版,2000,1(1):14-17.WU Dewei,WU Chang,ZHAO Xiubin.Analysis of the airport clearance requirement affected by the aircraft landing guidance system[J].Journal of Air Force Engineering University:Nature Science Edition,2000,1(1):14-17.
[12]SCHUSTER W,OCHIENG W.Hamonisation of category-III precision approach navigation system performance requirements[J].The Journal of Navigation,2010,63(4):569-589.