一种测量超临界CO_2在聚合物中溶解行为的新装置
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摘要
设计了一种测量超临界CO_2(ScCO_2)在聚合物中溶解行为的装置,并通过测量温度在443.15～463.15 K,压力在7.5～9.5 MPa范围内ScCO_2在聚苯乙烯(PS)中的溶解度及溶解速度验证装置的可行性。结果表明,溶解度实验值与计算值的相对误差低于20%,而依据实验值计算的扩散系数与文献值表现出相同数量级,由此说明新装置能够进行ScCO_2在聚合物中溶解行为的测量。
A new device was designed for measuring the dissolution behavior of supercritical CO_(2 ) in polymers by means of a volume method, and its feasibility was verified by measuring the solubility and dissolution rate of supercritical CO_2 in polystyrene in the temperature range of 443.15～463.15 K and in the pressure range of 7.5～9.5 MPa. The relative deviation between the experimental and calculated values was less than 20 %, and the diffusion coefficient calculated by the experiment was identical to the reported one in literature by the same order of magnitude, indicating that this new device could precisely measure the solubility of supercritical CO_2 in polymers.
A new device was designed for measuring the dissolution behavior of supercritical CO_(2 ) in polymers by means of a volume method, and its feasibility was verified by measuring the solubility and dissolution rate of supercritical CO_2 in polystyrene in the temperature range of 443.15～463.15 K and in the pressure range of 7.5～9.5 MPa. The relative deviation between the experimental and calculated values was less than 20 %, and the diffusion coefficient calculated by the experiment was identical to the reported one in literature by the same order of magnitude, indicating that this new device could precisely measure the solubility of supercritical CO_2 in polymers.
引文
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[13] Aeeart S, Funami E, Hayata Y, et al. Measurement and Prediction of Diffusion Coefficients of Supercritical CO2 in Molten Polymers[J].Polymer Engineering and Science, 2004,44(10):1 915-1 924.
[14] SANCHEZ I C,LACOMBE R H. An Elementary Molecular Theory of Classical Fluids. Pure Fluids[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry, 1976,80(21): 2 352-2 362.
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[17] 吴晓丹, 彭玉成, 蔡业彬. 超临界CO2在聚合物中的溶解度和扩散性研究[J]. 中国塑料, 2005, 19(7): 59-63. WU X D, PENG Y C, CAI Y B. Investigation on Solubility and Diffusion Coefficients of Supercritical CO2 in Polymers[J]. China Plastics, 2005, 19(7): 59-63.
[18] CRANK J, PARK G S. Diffusion inPolyymers[M]. London: Academic Press, 1968.
[19] MUTH O, HIRTH T, VOGEL H. Investigation of Sorption Diffusion of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide into Poly(Vinylchloride)[J].Journal of Supercritical Fluid, 2001, 19: 299-306.
[20] 胡冬冬, 李戬, 刘涛, 等. CO2在固态聚丙烯/滑石粉复合材料中的溶解和扩散[J]. 高校化学工程学报,2015, 29(3): 530-537. HU DD, LI J, LIU T, et al. Dissolution and Diffusion of CO2 in Soild-state PP/Talc Composites[J]. Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities, 2015, 29(3): 530-537.
[2] MARTAIN J, SUH N P, WALDMAN F. Impact of Microcellular Plastics on Industrial Practice and Academicresearch[J]. Macromolecular Symposia, 2003, 201(1): 187-202.
[3] 朱涛. 微孔塑料挤出成型的分析[J]. 化工管理, 2017(21): 60. ZHU T. Analysis ofExtrusion Molding of Microporous Plastics[J]. Chemical Enterprise Management, 2017(21): 60.
[4] 刘露阳. 塑料挤出发泡可视化实验装置研制及PS/超临界CO2挤出发泡研[D]. 广州: 华南理工大学, 2016.
[5] BALDWIN D F. Microcellular Polymer Processing and the Design of A Continuous Sheet Processing System[D]. Massachusetts: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994.
[6] 高云长, 周南桥, 彭响方. 微孔发泡过程中聚合物/超临界CO2均相体系形成的研究[J].工程塑料应用, 2003, 31(10): 32-34. GAO Y C, ZHOU N Q, PENG X F. Study on the Formation of Polymer/Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Solution in the Foaming Processing of Microcellular Plastics[J]. Engineering Plastics Application, 2003, 31(10): 32-34.
[7] 蔡金平, 黄兴元, 柳和生.微孔塑料成型加工的研究[J].塑料工业, 2007, 35(9): 7-10. CAI J P, HUANG X Y, LIU H S. Study of Moulding Progress of Microcellular Plastics[J]. China Plastics Industry, 2007, 35(9): 7-10.
[8] 李孟山, 黄兴元, 柳和生, 等. 基于混沌自适应粒子群人工神经网络的气体在聚合物中的溶解模型[J]. 化学学报, 2013, 71: 1 053-1 058. LI M S, HUANG X Y, LIU H S, et al. Solubility Prediction of Gases in Polymers Based on Chaotic Self-adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization Artificial Neural Networks[J]. Journal of Chemistry, 2013, 71: 1 053-1 058.
[9] 盛新强, 高长云, 周南桥. 微孔塑料成型过程中影响聚合物/气体均相体系形成的工艺因素[J]. 中国塑料, 2004, 18(7): 5-10. SHENG X Q, GAO C Y, ZHOU N Q. Factors Affecting the Formation of Polymer/Gas Homogenous System Du-ring the Processing of Microcellular Plastics[J]. China Plastics, 2004, 18(7): 5-10.
[10] 高长云, 周南桥, 何丹超. 微孔发泡过程中脉动剪切对聚合物/超临界CO2均相体系形成的影响[J]. 塑料工业, 2004, 32(12): 25-26. GAO Y C, ZHOU N Q, HE D C. Effect of Oscillatory Shear on Formation of Polymer/Supercritical CO2 Solution in Microcellular Plastic Processing[J]. China Plastics Industry, 2004, 32(12): 25-26.
[11] 余忠, 柳和生, 黄兴元, 等. 三种销钉螺杆在不同工艺参数下混合的数值模拟[J]. 塑料, 2011, 40(2): 109-111. YU Z, LIU H S, HUANG X Y,et al. The Numerical Simulation of Mixed Ability of Three Pin Screws under Different Process Parameters[J]. Plastics, 2011, 40(2): 109-111.
[12] SATO Y,FUJIWARA K,TAKIKAWA T,et al.Solubilities and Diffusion Coefficients of Carbon Dioxide and Nitrogen in Polypro-pylene,High-density Polyethylene and Polystyrene under High Pressures and Temperatures[J].Fluid Phase Equilibria,1999,162(1/2):261-276.
[13] Aeeart S, Funami E, Hayata Y, et al. Measurement and Prediction of Diffusion Coefficients of Supercritical CO2 in Molten Polymers[J].Polymer Engineering and Science, 2004,44(10):1 915-1 924.
[14] SANCHEZ I C,LACOMBE R H. An Elementary Molecular Theory of Classical Fluids. Pure Fluids[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry, 1976,80(21): 2 352-2 362.
[15] SANCHEZ I C,LACOMBE R H. Statistical Thermodynamics of Fluid Mixtures[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry,1976,80(23):2 568-2 580.
[16] SANCHEZ I C,LACOMBE R H. Statistical Thermodynamics of Polymer Solutions[J]. Journal of Chemical Physics,1978, 11(6):1 145-1 156.
[17] 吴晓丹, 彭玉成, 蔡业彬. 超临界CO2在聚合物中的溶解度和扩散性研究[J]. 中国塑料, 2005, 19(7): 59-63. WU X D, PENG Y C, CAI Y B. Investigation on Solubility and Diffusion Coefficients of Supercritical CO2 in Polymers[J]. China Plastics, 2005, 19(7): 59-63.
[18] CRANK J, PARK G S. Diffusion inPolyymers[M]. London: Academic Press, 1968.
[19] MUTH O, HIRTH T, VOGEL H. Investigation of Sorption Diffusion of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide into Poly(Vinylchloride)[J].Journal of Supercritical Fluid, 2001, 19: 299-306.
[20] 胡冬冬, 李戬, 刘涛, 等. CO2在固态聚丙烯/滑石粉复合材料中的溶解和扩散[J]. 高校化学工程学报,2015, 29(3): 530-537. HU DD, LI J, LIU T, et al. Dissolution and Diffusion of CO2 in Soild-state PP/Talc Composites[J]. Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities, 2015, 29(3): 530-537.